Aviation News Talk – Pilot Stories, Safety Tips & General Aviation News – Details, episodes & analysis

In this episode of Aviation News Talk, we begin with the developing details Weather accidents in general aviation often happen to pilots who genuinely believe they're cautious about flying in marginal conditions. But when you look closely at the chain of decisions that lead up to VFR-into-IMC crashes, a consistent pattern emerges—fatigue, long flights, pressure to complete a trip, weakening visibility, and the belief that "I can stay just under this." In Episode 404 of Aviation News Talk, Max Trescott unpacks a tragic example of this pattern and shows how NTSB data helps explain why GA pilots continue to stumble into weather accidents.

Max begins with a detailed look at a 2023 crash involving a Piper Archer, N21480, flown by a 66-year-old private pilot who was en route from Maine to Sun 'n Fun. The pilot had made this long trip multiple times before and was familiar with the route. He departed Maine, stopped twice for fuel, and ended the day by sleeping on a couch in a pilot lounge—after ordering Uber Eats at around 8 p.m. According to his wife, the pilot routinely camped at airports, carried sleeping gear and guitars, and prided himself on being cautious about weather.

The next morning, however, the signs of fatigue were visible. An airport employee who spoke with the pilot noted he looked tired and "could see the fatigue in his eyes." Despite checking weather and considering waiting out an approaching system, the pilot ultimately chose to depart. He told ATC he wanted to remain low—around 1,600 feet—to stay VFR under the cloud layer.

Unfortunately, this strategy is one of the most dangerous choices a VFR pilot can make. Staying low reduces options, shrinks reaction time, and increases the likelihood of inadvertently entering IMC. Eight minutes after informing ATC he wanted to stay low to maintain VFR, the pilot's track shows the airplane turning right and descending. When the controller asked if he was maneuvering to stay below the clouds, the pilot replied: "Mayday, mayday, in the clouds, I'm going down." Witnesses described the airplane descending nearly straight down.

The NTSB report revealed worsening weather, nearby convective activity, cloud bases around 1,300 feet AGL, and an overcast layer with tops near 3,500 feet. The pilot had passed an airport less than two miles before the crash—an airport he may have been trying to return to during his final 360-degree turn. But like many non-instrument-rated pilots who enter IMC unintentionally, he lost control within about a minute, consistent with studies showing that VFR pilots often lose control within three minutes of entering clouds.

Max then connects this accident to a broader NTSB study, Risk Factors Associated with Weather-Related General Aviation Accidents (SS-05/01). This landmark analysis compared 72 weather-related accidents with 135 non-accident flights occurring nearby at the same time. The goal was to uncover what differentiates pilots who get into trouble from those who do not.

The results were eye-opening. The most significant predictor was the age at which a pilot earned their first certificate, not their age at the time of the accident. Pilots who learned to fly at age 25 or younger had the lowest risk. Those who trained between 25 and 35 had a 4.5-times higher risk, between 35 and 45 had a 4.8-times higher risk, and pilots who started at 45 or older had a 3.4-times higher risk. The South Carolina pilot earned his certificate at around age 49.

Another major factor was lack of an instrument rating. Non-instrument-rated pilots had a 4.8-times greater likelihood of a weather accident. Long flights were also a major contributor: legs of 300 miles or more sharply increased risk. Pilots involved in accidents were less likely to have obtained thorough weather briefings and more likely to have had previous incidents or accidents.

One of the most striking findings concerned written and checkride performance. Accident pilots had cumulative pass rates averaging 84–86%, while non-accident pilots averaged around 95%. Some accident pilots had multiple failed checkrides, including one commuter pilot who had failed nine practical tests. The study concluded that stronger written and checkride performance was statistically linked to lower accident involvement.

From there, Max shifts to what pilots can do differently, starting with awareness. Humans are poor at detecting gradual reductions in visibility—the "frog in warm water" problem. Max describes an early flight to Massachusetts where visibility slowly degraded from 25 miles to around 10 miles, yet he didn't notice until the change became obvious. To counter this, he recommends periodically estimating visibility in flight using runway lengths, moving-map distances, landmarks, and horizon clarity.

Max also teaches a simple method for estimating cloud clearance using a 45-degree reference point on the cloud base. By timing how long it takes to reach the point beneath the cloud and using your groundspeed, you can determine if you're maintaining the required 500-foot clearance. The same geometry works for estimating horizontal cloud distance.

Finally, Max emphasizes fatigue and decision-making. After nearly 10 hours of flying the day before, poor sleep on a couch, and an early morning departure, the pilot in the accident was not at peak performance. Nutrition also matters—low glucose levels degrade decision-making. Max stresses the need to set clear weather trigger points before departure, brief passengers on them, and stick to the plan.

For any pilot who flies VFR, especially on long cross-country trips, this episode highlights why VFR-into-IMC accidents still happen—and how to stay VFR by using better judgment, better tools, and objective visibility cues.

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Mentioned on the Show
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Max's FLYING Column on use of the Autopilot APR key

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In this episode of Aviation News Talk, we begin with the developing details surrounding the crash of UPS Airlines Flight 2976, a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F cargo aircraft that crashed shortly after takeoff from Louisville, Kentucky. The aircraft, tail number N259UP, was a 34-year-old MD-11F powered by three General Electric CF6-80 engines.

Bystander video shows the left engine separated from the wing, with the wing engulfed in flames as the aircraft lifted off. ADS-B data indicates the aircraft climbed less than 100 feet before beginning a descending, left-turning roll from which it did not recover. The crew had already passed V1, meaning they were committed to takeoff and did not have adequate runway remaining to stop. In situations like this, flight crews may have no survivable option, and this accident may represent one of those rare but tragic scenarios.

We also compare aspects of this event to American Airlines Flight 191, the 1979 DC-10 crash at Chicago O'Hare. While both accidents involved the loss of the left engine on takeoff, the failure chain in AA191 involved slat retraction due to damaged hydraulic and control lines—failure modes later addressed in the MD-11 design. The MD-11's slats are hydraulically locked to prevent unintended retraction, meaning the probable cause of this accident must differ in critical ways.

After the accident analysis, we shift to a practical, pilot-focused conversation about landings with returning guest Dr. Catherine Cavagnaro, columnist for AOPA and highly respected flight instructor and DPE. Drawing on more than a thousand check rides, Catherine explains that the most consistent problem she sees is pilots flying final approach too fast. While pilots often worry about being too slow, the data shows that excessive approach speed is far more common and contributes to long landing rolls, excessive float, bounced landings, and pilot-induced oscillations.

Catherine and Max discuss how a correct approach speed provides the right amount of energy to land smoothly and in control. More power and speed make it harder to manage the flare and to touch down where intended. Pilots also frequently fail to align the aircraft longitudinal axis with the runway before touchdown, particularly in crosswinds, due to hesitation in applying sufficient rudder and aileron. Catherine explains that as the aircraft slows, flight controls become less effective, so pilots should expect to use more control input in the final seconds before touchdown—not less.

The conversation also explores landing accuracy, noting that pilots should strive to touch down within 200–400 feet of a target point—not "somewhere down the runway." Even on long runways, building accuracy pays dividends when landing at shorter fields or during check rides.

A useful data tool Catherine recommends is FlySto (flysto.net), which allows pilots with modern avionics to upload flight data and analyze approach speed, pitch attitude, touchdown point, crab angle, rollout direction, and braking forces. By reviewing objective data, pilots can identify habits and improve their consistency over time.

Whether you're teaching new pilots, returning to flying after a break, or simply want your landings to be more stable and predictable, Catherine's techniques offer actionable steps: choose the correct approach speed, use proper crosswind controls, flare to a nose-high attitude, and maintain precision with touchdown point selection.

Together, the accident analysis and the landing discussion reinforce a core theme of this show: aviation skills improve with deliberate practice, continuous learning, and a deep respect for the realities of risk, energy management, and aircraft control.

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Mentioned on the Show
American Airlines Flight 191 Analysis by Jeff Guzzetti
Fly California Passport Program
Catherine Cavagnaro YouTube Channel
Ace Aerobatic School
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Max talks about a dramatic ground collision between two Pasadena Police Department helicopters and the wide-ranging lessons pilots can draw from it. On November 17, 2012, two Bell OH-58 helicopters collided at the Pasadena PD Benedict Heliport when one returned from a flight and struck another that was sitting on the pad with its rotors turning. Six people suffered minor injuries, but the accident destroyed both aircraft and revealed systemic issues far beyond a single pilot error.

Max uses the NTSB report and audio clips from the Rotary Wing Show—where host Mick Cullen interviewed Dan Parsons—to examine how this accident unfolded and why different people interpret it so differently. Initial reactions, including Max's own when first hearing the episode, tended to blame the landing pilot. However, as Dan points out, there were organizational and procedural factors that made this an accident waiting to happen.

One major factor was the normalization of deviance. Due to poor drainage on Pad 1, it was common for helicopters to be parked slightly outside the designated landing box to avoid puddles. On the day of the accident, N96BM was positioned completely outside the pad's markings. When N911FA returned to land in light rain with a wet windscreen, the landing pilot assumed the parked helicopter was within its box and focused on positioning her own aircraft properly on Pad 2. The two rotor systems intersected just as she lowered the collective to land.

The lack of a monitored UNICOM frequency and formal radio procedures compounded the hazard. At the time of the accident, no standard protocol existed for announcing arrivals or departures beyond what ground personnel could hear. The parked helicopter's radios were not yet on, so the pilots had no communication link. Combined with rain-obscured visibility and non-standard pad markings, these conditions created a perfect storm.

Max highlights how this accident illustrates core principles of Safety Management Systems (SMS), even for pilots outside of airline or charter operations. SMS emphasizes proactively identifying hazards, implementing mitigations, and creating feedback mechanisms to prevent unsafe practices from becoming normalized. The Pasadena PD air unit responded after the accident by redesigning their heliport layout to increase pad separation, establishing monitored UNICOM procedures, and instituting regular safety meetings to address hazards before they could lead to incidents.

The episode also touches on pilot psychology. As Mick Cullen points out in one clip, the markings on the ground or guidance from a marshaller are just that—guidance. Ultimately, the pilot in command decides where to place the aircraft and is responsible for ensuring clearance. This is a valuable lesson not just for helicopter pilots but for fixed-wing pilots taxiing around crowded ramps. Max connects this to a story of a low-time pilot at his club who taxied into a fuel truck and insisted it wasn't his fault—a reminder that responsibility always lies with the PIC.

In the Updates segment, Max turns to two sobering Cirrus SR22 accidents. The first, in Jesup, Georgia, involved an experienced pilot attempting to land in near-zero visibility without flying the published instrument approach. Track data showed low-speed, high-bank maneuvers just before the airplane stalled and crashed short of the runway. The pilot's tendency to avoid being late for appointments may have contributed to self-induced pressure, leading to a poor decision to attempt a visual arrival in IMC.

The second accident, in Oxbow, Oregon, involved a newly certificated pilot who encountered forecast icing conditions at altitude. The airplane entered IMC, likely accumulated ice, and descended rapidly. The pilot deployed the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System, but at a speed far above the published deployment limit, causing structural failure of the parachute system. The accident underscores the critical importance of understanding aircraft limitations, respecting icing forecasts, and recognizing that CAPS is not a magic shield if operated outside design parameters.

Max ties both Cirrus accidents back to the SMS theme. In each case, small decisions compounded into catastrophic outcomes. An absence of previous incidents can create a false sense of security, but SMS teaches that safety is not the absence of accidents—it's the presence of robust defenses and hazard awareness. For general aviation pilots, this means constantly evaluating risks, questioning assumptions, and not allowing convenience or routine to override sound decision-making.

The Pasadena PD helicopter accident provides a vivid case study in how seemingly minor deviations, inadequate procedures, and environmental factors can align to produce a serious accident even among highly experienced pilots. With over 16,000 and 13,000 hours respectively, neither pilot fit the stereotype of "low-time error." Instead, it was the system around them—and the normalization of small deviations—that created the conditions for disaster.

Max concludes with a reminder that SMS isn't a bureaucratic requirement; it's a mindset. Whether you fly a Cirrus SR22, a Robinson R44, or a law enforcement helicopter, applying SMS principles—identifying hazards, creating mitigations, and fostering open communication—can make the difference between routine operations and a preventable accident. For all pilots, this episode offers both a sobering analysis and actionable takeaways to enhance safety in every flight environment.

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News Stories

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Mentioned on the Show
Buy Max Trescott's G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553
Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway
NTSB News Talk Podcast
UAV News Talk Podcast
Rotary Wing Show Podcast
NTSB's Dust Devils Video
Max's article in FLYING Magazine: RNAV Glidepath Capture
three-day investigative hearing into the Reagan National midair 

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Max talks about when to choose an IAF versus Vectors when Getting Vectors to Final. Like most things in aviation, the answer is "It Depends." In older GPSs, choosing Vectors drops some waypoints, which is fine over flat terrain, but which can be dangerous when vectored over mountainous terrain. This is why CFIs often encouraged pilots to always load an approach with an IAF and not vectors, even when being vectored for an approach. Newer GPSs have solved this problem, and in most cases, it's fine to load an approach with vectors.

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News Stories

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Mentioned on the Show
Foreign Certificate Conversions to FAA Certificate
Reducing Runway Excursions in Business Aviation
IFR X-Country Training: Which Approaches
Flying IFR in Class G - Lamb interpretation

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
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Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

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Max talks about the fatal crash of a SR22T in Shelbyville, IN and why after an engine, Cirrus pilots are encouraged to use the CAPS parachute rather than glide down to a field. He also talks about why a faster, heavier aircraft has more energy in a crash. He also describes the physics behind why a parachute pull is safer than trying to land in a field.

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Mentioned on the Show
ASN Wikibase - N17DT Cirrus SR22T accident

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
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If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

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Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we'll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

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Max talks about the crash this week of a Cessna P210 in San Diego, and why it crashed. The flight originated in Concord, CA and flew for just over 4 hours to Montgomery Field in San Diego. The aircraft first tried to land at French Valley airport, was high on the approach and went missed. It diverted to Montgomery field to fly the ILS 28R, however the pilot flew about a third of a mile south of the airport, missing the runway. Five minutes after the approach, while climbing for another approach, he ran out of fuel. ATC audio provided by LiveATC.net

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Mentioned on the Show
ASN Wikibase - N1400 P210 Accident

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
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If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

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Max talks about why the pilot of a Cessna 340 in San Diego turned right instead of joining the localizer and later crashed. It all came down to the pilot's lack of understanding of how to fly a circling approach, and his inability to communicate that he'd like to switch to a visual approach. This miscommunication led to a controller sending him back into IMC for a second approach. Sadly, at the time, the pilot was in VMC and was preparing to land. ATC audio provided by LiveATC.net

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Mentioned on the Show
Spatial Disorientation
Instrument ACS
Final NTSB Report - N7022G Cessna 340
NTSB Docket for N7022G
Pencil Whipping or falsification

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
Max Trescott's G1000 & Perspective Glass Cockpit Handbook

If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
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Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we'll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

Check out Max's Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

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If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

Max talks about the final NTSB report results for a Cessna 340 that crashed in IMC while on approach into San Diego. The pilot's logbook revealed that Instrument Proficiency Checks and Flight Review conducted during the prior year were cursory and did not meet the requirements for issuing those endorsements. Max talks about the problems with pencil whipping flight training and falsifying endorsements. He lists all of the elements required for an IPC, so you can ensure you're getting all of the training required for an endorsement. ATC audio provided by LiveATC.net

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If you have a question you'd like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone.

Mentioned on the Show
Spatial Disorientation
Instrument ACS
Final NTSB Report - N7022G Cessna 340
NTSB Docket for N7022G
Pencil Whipping or falsification

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
Max Trescott's G1000 & Perspective Glass Cockpit Handbook

If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
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Check out Max's Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

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"Go Around" song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com

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Max talks with CFI and retired Air Force pilot Tom Dorl, about what GA pilots can learn from military flight training. Tom talks about the processes he used to fly during his 25-year military career. These include a more structured approach to preflight planning, maintaining proficiency and upgrading flying skills, building a unit of people to help you improve, and post flight debriefings.

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News Stories

• Utah grand jury indicts co-pilot for threatening to shoot captain
• Van's Aircraft reports cash crunch, prompts concern
• Lightning Damages Helicopter Tail Rotor
• Fuel exhaustion bends Piper
• Textron Aviation reported Q3 revenue of $1.3 billion
• Students Vandalize Textron World Headquarters
• EAA: $1 million in scholarships is now open
• EPA announced a  ¾ million dollar grant for CA airports
• AeroHT eVTOL video demos parachute cluster
• Senate hearing on close-call aviation safety incidents
• F1 TV Helicopter Get Hit by Fireworks During US Grand Prix
• Law enforcement investigates fireworks shot at airplane

Mentioned on the Show
November/December 2023 issue of FAA Safety Briefing magazine
Breaking the Ice
FAA Aeronautical Inquiries website

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
Max Trescott's G1000 & Perspective Glass Cockpit Handbook

If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification

Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we'll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

Check out Max's Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

Social Media
Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook
Follow Max on Instagram
Follow Max on Twitter
Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium

"Go Around" song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com

If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

Have you ever struggled to enter a flight plan or an instrument approach into a GPS navigator? If you fly with an autopilot, do you know how to use it, and how to use all of its modes? Today we talk about the cockpit voice recorder transcript, just released by the NTSB, of two Pilatus PC-12 pilots who crashed in North Carolina. What you'll hear is chaos in the cockpit. Unbelievably, the two pilots struggled during the entire 27-minute flight, to enter a flight plan into the aircraft's FMS system.

Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets
Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let's you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk.
Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1199
Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $899
Lightspeed Sierra Headset $699
My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu

Send us your feedback or comments via email

If you have a question you'd like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone.

News Stories

• Departing Hawker 800, Landing Mustang Collide, No Injuries
• Alaska Airlines Flight 2059, operated by Horizon Air
• Preliminary findings released in fatal Lake Placid crash
• Co-pilot describes crash landing in woods after losing engine
• Pilot's improper fuel management leads to forced landing
• Whitaker Confirmed As FAA Chief
• SF Bay Area residents may soon see a new airship flying around
• Bullhead City man cuts power to air traffic control towers
• Student pilot disables 10 planes after being denied his solo flight

Mentioned on the Show
NTSB Docket on Pilatus PC-12 Crash in North Carolina

Max's Books – Order online or call 800-247-6553 to order.
Max Trescott's G3000 and G5000 Glass Cockpit Handbook
Max Trescott's G1000 & Perspective Glass Cockpit Handbook

If you love the show and want more, visit my Patreon page to see fun videos, breaking news, and other posts in the Posts section. And if you decide to make a small donation each month,  you can get some goodies!

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification

Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we'll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

Check out Max's Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

Social Media
Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook
Follow Max on Instagram
Follow Max on Twitter
Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium

"Go Around" song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com

If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.