Explore every episode of the podcast Veterinary Medicine Digest (Utilizing AI to expand information availability)

This is a summary of the episode Canine Muscular Dystrophy.

Delve into the crucial role of canine models in advancing treatments for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), a devastating, X-linked muscle-wasting disease. This summary covers the latest findings across therapeutic strategies, diagnostic biomarkers, and underlying disease mechanisms derived from sophisticated dog models like the Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), Canine X-linked Muscular Dystrophy in Japan (CXMDj), and the DE50-MD dogs.Gene Therapy Breakthroughs and Treatment TargetsResearch in the DE50-MD model, which mimics a common human mutational hotspot, demonstrates remarkable success in gene editing. Systemic intravenous delivery of Adeno-Associated Virus serotype nine (AAV9) encoding CRISPR-Cas9 components successfully restored Dystrophin protein widely throughout the body. The high dose resulted in up to ninety-two percent of wild-type Dystrophin levels in the heart and significant restoration in skeletal muscles, such as seventy percent in the cranial tibialis and fifty-eight percent in the diaphragm. Histologically, treated muscles showed improvement with reduced necrosis and fibrosis.Beyond gene correction, metabolic strategies offer therapeutic potential. GRMD dogs exhibit significantly reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide NAD content in striated muscles, an energy cofactor depleted due to altered synthesis and increased consumption by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Short-term oral supplementation with nicotinamide successfully boosted muscle NDA levels and led to a mild beneficial effect, including a stabilization trend in clinical scores and a significant improvement in the maximal inspiratory/expiratory flows ratio, suggesting modest stabilization of respiratory function.Advanced Diagnostics and Objective BiomarkersObjective measures are crucial for quantifying therapeutic efficacy. The gold standard for assessing skeletal muscle function in preclinical trials is the Eccentric Contraction Decrement (ECD) protocol, which measures the rapid loss of force (torque decrement) when dystrophic muscle lengthens under contraction. Clinically, Dystrophin deficient dogs often present with markedly and persistently elevated Creatine Kinase (CK) levels. Symptoms can include macroglossia (enlarged tongue), reduced mandibular extension, dysphagia (swallowing difficulty), and regurgitation. Radiographic signs often include diaphragmatic thickening and an axial gastro-esophageal hiatal hernia. Clinicians must note that volatile inhalant anesthetic agents can trigger hyperkalemic cardiac arrest due to membrane instability in Dystrophin deficient muscle fibers; therefore, total intravenous anesthesia is recommended. Referenced Articles:• Replenishing NAD+ content reduces aspects of striated muscle disease in a dog model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy• Digital Outcome Measures for Gait and Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Dystrophic Dogs• Cardio-Physiological Evaluations in a Dog Model with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy• Canine Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy• Exploring Desmin as a Potential Modifier in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy–Associated Cardiomyopathy• Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion• Radiographic, MRI, and CT findings in a young dog with Becker-like muscular dystrophy• Longitudinal assessment of skeletal muscle functional mechanics in the DE50-MD dog model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy• Dystrophin-Deficient Muscular Dystrophy in a Family of Shiba Inu Dogs with a Complex Deletion Encompassing DMD Exon 5• Gene editing restores dystrophin expression in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy• Lymphatic dysfunction is linked to disease pathogenesis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy animal models

Cryoprecipitates and Desmopression in Dogs and Cats Summary

Here is the list of the cited articles for this episode:1. Influence of canine donor plasma hemostatic protein concentration on quality of cryoprecipitate | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine | 2019.2. Comparison of albumin, colloid osmotic pressure, von Willebrand factor, and coagulation factors in canine cryopoor plasma, cryoprecipitate, and fresh frozen plasma | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care | 2017.3. Clinical use of cryopoor plasma continuous rate infusion in critically ill, hypoalbuminemic dogs | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care | 2019.4. The role of cryoprecipitate in human and canine transfusion medicine | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care | 2021.5. An in vitro study of canine cryopoor plasma to correct vitamin K–dependent coagulopathy in dogs | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care | 2021.6. Effect of Adjuvant Perioperative Desmopressin in Locally Advanced Canine Mammary Carcinoma and its Relation to Histologic Grade | Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association | 2011.7. A phase II dose-escalation trial of perioperative desmopressin (1-desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin) in breast cancer patients | SpringerPlus | 2015.8. DDAVP-induced increases in coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor in the plasma of conscious dogs | Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics | 1986.9. The Effects of Desmopressin on Hemostatic Parameters in the Normal Dog | Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research | 1986.10. Outcome of laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy in dogs with von Willebrand disease or factor VII deficiency: 20 cases (2012–2014) | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association | 2017.11. Antiproliferative Effects of Oxytocin and Desmopressin on Canine Mammary Cancer Cells | Frontiers in Veterinary Science | 2016.12. Comparison of Hemostatic Activity in Canine Leukoreduced Cryoprecipitate, Cryopoor Plasma, and Fresh Plasma | Veterinary Clinical Pathology | 2025.13. Retrospective Evaluation of Cryoprecipitate Transfusion in Dogs to Prevent or Treat Hemorrhage: 21 Cases (2009–2023) | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care | 2025.

This is a summary of the episode Head Trauma.

Here is the list of the articles used as references for this episode:1. Title: Brain Tissue Pulmonary Embolism Due to Severe Blunt Force Head Trauma in a Dog Journal: Journal of Comparative Pathology (J. Comp. Path.) Year: 20202. Title: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF THE HEAD TRAUMA PATIENT Principles and Practice Journal:Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice Year: 20003. Title: Head Trauma Journal: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice (Vet Clin Small Anim)Year: 20184. Title: Traumatic brain injury in companion animals: Pathophysiology and treatment Journal: Topics in Companion Animal Medicine (Topics in Companion An Med) Year: 20245. Title: Hypernatremia and Coagulopathy May or May Not Be Useful Clinical Biomarkers in Dogs with Head Trauma: A Retrospective Study Journal: Journal of Neurotrauma Year: 20186. Title: Cardiac arrhythmia associated with isolated head trauma in a dog Journal: Journal of Small Animal PracticeYear: 20107. Title: The Prognostic Value of the Modified Glasgow Coma Scale in Head Trauma in Dogs Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (J Vet Intern Med) Year: 20018. Title: Computed tomographic findings in dogs with head trauma and development of a novel prognostic computed tomography–based scoring system Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research (Am J Vet Res) Year: 20179. Title: Seizures following head trauma in dogs: 259 cases (1999–2009) Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA) Year: 201210. Title: Hyperglycemia in dogs and cats with head trauma: 122 cases (1997–1999) Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA) Year: 2001

This is a summary of the episode Angiography in Dogs.

Here is a list of articles used as references for this episode. 1. Post-traumatic interventricular septal hematoma in a dog | Journal of Veterinary Cardiology | 20252. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic findings, and computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of sinus venosus atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 10 dogs | Journal of Veterinary Cardiology | 20253. Cerebral small vessel disease in a six-month-old Rottweiler with severe subaortic stenosis | Journal of Veterinary Cardiology | 20254. Application of an interactive, stereoscopic three-dimensional viewer to evaluate atrial septal defects in five dogs | Journal of Veterinary Cardiology | 20255. Right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm ruptured into the right atrium in a dog | Journal of Veterinary Cardiology | 20266. Anatomical variations in the tributaries of the normal feline extrahepatic portal system: evaluation with CT angiography | Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery | 20257. Horner Syndrome Secondary to Suspected Internal Carotid Artery Dissection in a Golden Retriever | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine | 20258. Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Anatomical Characteristics of the Canine Prostatic Artery and Development of a Three-Dimensional Canine Prostate Cancer Model for Simulation of Prostatic Artery Embolization | Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound | 20259. Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Anatomical Characteristics of Canine Head Arteries for Transarterial Chemoembolization of Canine Oronasal Tumors | Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound | 202510. Nontraumatic Pneumorrhachis and Intraforaminal Gas, Presumed Intravascular, Is Occasionally Detected in Dogs Undergoing Computed Tomography AngiographyWithout Immediate Complications | Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound | 202511. Imaging Canine Post- Trabecular Aqueous Outflow Pathways: Effect of Acute Intraocular Pressure Elevation in Normal Eyes | Veterinary Ophthalmology | 202512. Dogs with congenital extrahepatic shunts and absent portal vasculature noted on computed tomographic angiography can successfully undergo surgical attenuation | American Journal of Veterinary Research | 202513. Time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics magnetic resonance angiography for the assessment of vascular characteristics in intracranial and extracranial tumors in veterinary patients | Frontiers in Veterinary Science | 2025

This is a summary of the episode Hyperfibrinolysis.

Here is a list of articles used as references for this episode. 1. Hemostatic Disorders Associated with Hepatobiliary Disease, Vet Clin Small Anim, 2017.2. A Review of the Pathophysiology, Classification, and Analysis of Canine and Feline Cavitary Effusions, J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 2011.3. A review of hyperfibrinolysis in cats and dogs, Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2019.4. Hyperfibrinolysis in a dog with strongyloidiasis, Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2025.5. Hyperfibrinolysis and Hypofibrinogenemia Diagnosed With Rotational Thromboelastometry in Dogs Naturally Infected With Angiostrongylus vasorum, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2017.6. Lipoprotein profile of pleural and peritoneal transudates in dogs and cats, J Vet Intern Med, 2022.7. Hyperfibrinolysis in Cats: A Retrospective Case–Control Study of 154 Cats, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2025.8. Retrospective Evaluation of the Causes and Fluid Characteristics of Cavitary Effusions in Dogs and Cats, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2025.9. Hyperfibrinolysis diagnosed with rotational thromboelastometry and treated with tranexamic acid in a dog with acute traumatic coagulopathy, Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde, 2018.10. Development of Reference Intervals for the TEG 6s, a Point- of- Care Viscoelastic Assay, in Dogs, Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 2025.11. Fibrinolysis in Dogs with Intracavitary Effusion: A Review, Animals, 2022.12. Case report: Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with concurrent paraneoplastic secondary hyperfibrinolysis in a dog with metastatic nasal adenocarcinoma, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2024.13. Tranexamic acid stops hyperfibrinolysis in dogs with hemorrhagic shock: a randomized, controlled clinical trial, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 2024.

This is a summary of the episode Hyperlipasemia in Dogs.

List of articles used as a reference for this episode. 1. Hyperlipasemia in critically ill dogs with and without acute pancreatitis: Prevalence, underlying diseases, predictors, and outcome; Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2020,,.2. Hyperlipasemia in dogs with acute kidney injury treated with and without hemodialysis; Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2023,,.3. Evaluation of Hyperlipasemia and Clinical Signs in 106 Dogs After Hospitalization for Acute Pancreatitis: Results From a Combined Retrospective and Prospective Follow- Up Study; Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2025,.4. First canine case of nontraumatic hemoperitoneum secondary to pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma: Successful surgical management; Open Veterinary Journal; 2025,.5. Hyperlipasemia in 6 Dogs with Pancreatic or Hepatic Neoplasia: Evidence for Tumor Lipase Production; Vet Clin Pathol; 2001,.6. Zinc toxicosis — Associated hemolytic anemia and pancreatic disease in 2 dogs; Can Vet J; 2020,.

This is a summary of the episode Feline Infectious Peritonitis.

Here is a list of articles used for this episode's references. 1. Feline Infectious Peritonitis Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, and Treatmento Journal: Vet Clin Small Animo Year Published: 20202. Efficacy and safety of the nucleoside analog GS-441524 for treatment of cats with naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitiso Journal: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgeryo Year Published: 20193. 2022 AAFP/EveryCat Feline Infectious Peritonitis Diagnosis Guidelineso Journal: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgeryo Year Published: 20224. Retrospective study and outcome of 307 cats with feline infectious peritonitis treated with legally sourced veterinary compounded preparations of remdesivir and GS-441524 (2020–2022)o Journal: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgeryo Year Published: 20235. Outcomes of treatment of cats with feline infectious peritonitis using parenterally administered remdesivir, with or without transition to orally administered GS-441524o Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicineo Year Published: 20236. Thirty-two cats with effusive or non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis treated with a combination of remdesivir and GS-441524o Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicineo Year Published: 20237. Nucleoside analog GS- 441524: pharmacokinetics in different species, safety, and potential effectiveness against Covid- 19o Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectiveso Year Published: 20228. Treatment With Remdesivir Alone or in Combination With GS- 441524 in Cats With Ocular Involvement of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: An Observational Case Serieso Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicineo Year Published: 20259. GS-441524 and molnupiravir are similarly effective for the treatment of cats with feline infectious peritonitiso Journal: Front. Vet. Sci.o Year Published: 202410. The nucleoside analog GS-441524 strongly inhibits feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus in tissue culture and experimental cat infection studieso Journal: Veterinary Microbiologyo Year Published: 201811. Feline Coronaviruses: Pathogenesis of Feline Infectious Peritonitiso Journal: Adv. Virus Res.o Year Published: 201612. Efficacy of GS-441524 for Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Systematic Review (2018–2024)o Journal: Pathogenso Year Published: 202513. Feline Infectious Peritonitis: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases Guidelineso Journal: Viruseso Year Published: 202314. Short Treatment of 42 Days with Oral GS-441524 Results in Equal Efficacy as the Recommended 84-Day Treatment in Cats Suffering from Feline Infectious Peritonitis with Effusion—A Prospective Randomized Controlled Studyo Journal: Viruseso Year Published: 2024

This is a summary of the episode Blood Transfusions in Dogs and Cats

Here is a list of the articles used as references for the creation of this episode. 1. Title: Laboratory Testing in Transfusion Medicine Journal: Vet Clin Small Anim Year: 20232. Title: Transfusion Medicine: An Update on Antigens, Antibodies and Serologic Testing in Dogs and Cats Journal:Topics in Companion An Med Year: 20193. Title: 2021 ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Collection and Administration of Blood and Blood Products in CatsJournal: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Year: 20214. Title: Characterization of post-transfusion anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies in transfusion-naive FEA 1-negative catsJournal: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Year: 20225. Title: Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement (TRACS) Part 2: Prevention and monitoring Journal: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Year: 20216. Title: Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement (TRACS). Part 1: Definitions and clinical signs Journal: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Year: 20217. Title: Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) transfusion reaction small animal consensus statement (TRACS). Part 3: Diagnosis and treatment Journal: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Year: 20218. Title: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study Assessing Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Transfusion Reactions in Cats Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Year: 2025

There is a summary of the episode Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome.

Here is a list of the references used when making this episode. 1. Neurobehavioral Disorders: The Corticolimbic System in Health and Disease; Vet Clin Small Anim; 2020.2. Behavioral Dermatology; Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice; 2004.3. Feline hyperaesthesia syndrome with self-trauma to the tail: retrospective study of seven cases and proposal for an integrated multidisciplinary diagnostic approach; Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery; 2019.4. Long-term follow-up of cats in complete remission after treatment of feline infectious peritonitis with oral GS-441524; Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery; 2023.5. Neuropathic pain in cats: Mechanisms and multimodal management; Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery; 2024.6. Understanding Behavior Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome; Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian; 2009.7. The utility of Fecal microbiota Transplantation for Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome; SVU-IJVS; 2025.8. Food hypersensitivity and feline hyperaesthesia syndrome (FHS): A case report; Veterinarni Medicina; 2021.9. Feline hyperesthesia syndrome: Epilepsy as possible aetiology in two cats; Vet Rec Case Rep; 2021.10. Long- Term Clinical Response to Medical Treatment, Behavioral Therapy, or Their Combination in Cats With Hyperesthesia Syndrome; Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2025.

This is a summary of the Episode Pituitary Macroadenomas.

Here is a list of the articles used as references for this episode. 1. Acromegaly in dogs and cats (Annales d’Endocrinologie, 2021)2. Diagnosis of spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. Part 1: Pathophysiology, aetiology, clinical and clinicopathological features (The Veterinary Journal, 2019)3. Effect of pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism on the survival of dogs treated with radiotherapy for pituitary macroadenomas (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2023)4. Canine Pituitary Macrotumors (Neurology / VetFolio, 2008)5. Neural basis for fasting activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (Nature, 2023)6. Pituitary Hormones and Their Control by the Hypothalamus (Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, Twelfth Edition, Year not explicitly provided in excerpt)7. Risk Factors for Pituitary Macrotumor in Dogs With Hypercortisolism (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2025)8. Case report: Central-pituitary hypothyroidism concurrent with hyperadrenocorticism without pituitary macroadenoma in a Miniature Schnauzer dog (Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2023)9. Outcomes of the addition of pasireotide to traditional adrenal-directed treatment for dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism secondary to macroadenoma: 9 cases (2013–2015) (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2018)10. Histopathologic Findings in Canine Pituitary Glands (Veterinary Pathology, 2018)

This is a summary of the episode Urolithiasis.

Here is a list of the articles used as a reference for this episode. 1. Complications of Lower Urinary Tract Surgery in Small Animals, Vet Clin Small Anim, 2011.2. Urolithiasis, Vet Clin Small Anim, 2015.3. Association between hyperlipidemia and calcium oxalate lower urinary tract uroliths in dogs, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2022.4. Medical dissolution of presumptive upper urinary tract struvite uroliths in 6 dogs (2012-2018), Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2024.5. Urinary Cystine/Creatinine Concentrations Before and After Castration in Dogs With Suspected Androgen- Dependent Cystine Urolithiasis, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2025.6. In Vivo Radiographic Characteristics Associated With the Mineral Composition of Calcium Oxalate, Struvite, and Cystine Lower Urinary Tract Uroliths in Dogs, Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2025.7. New Alternatives for Minimally Invasive Management of Uroliths: Ureteroliths, Compendium of Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, 2013.8. Removal of lower urinary tract stones by percutaneous cystolithotomy: 68 cases (2012–2017), Veterinary Surgery, 2020.9. Crystalluria and Chronic Kidney Disease, Toxicologic Pathology, 2018.10. Prevalence and Predictors of Radiographically Apparent Upper Urinary Tract Urolithiasis in Eight Dog Breeds Predisposed to Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis and Mixed Breed Dogs, Veterinary Sciences, 2022.

Here is a list of the articles used as references for this episode.

1. Plasma metabolome reveals altered oxidative stress, inflammation, and amino acid metabolism in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy Journal: Epilepsia Year: 20252. Clinical features and outcome of 10 dogs with suspected idiopathic vestibular epilepsy Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Year: 20243. Characterization of post-ictal clinical signs in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy: A questionnaire-based studyJournal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Year: 20254. Development of a Novel Epilepsy and Dyskinesia Survey for Large-Scale Characterization of Seizure Semiology in Dogs Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Year: 20255. Identification of a Novel Idiopathic Epilepsy Risk Locus and a Variant in the CCDC85A Gene in the Dutch Partridge Dog Journal: Animals Year: 20236. Neurobehavioral Comorbidities in Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy: New Insights into Cognitive and Emotional Domains Journal: Animals Year: 20257. Hyperammonaemia in Dogs Presenting with Acute Epileptic Seizures—More than Portosystemic ShuntsJournal: Animals Year: 20258. Phenotypic characterization of idiopathic epilepsy and epilepsy of unknown cause in Irish Setters Journal:Frontiers in Veterinary Science Year: 20229. Phenotypic characterization and quality of life of Labradoodles with idiopathic epilepsy and epilepsy of unknown cause Journal: Frontiers in Veterinary Science Year: 2024

This is a summary of the episode Nuances of Epilepsy

This is a summary of the podcast Rodenticies by the VetMed Digest.

Here is a list of the articles used in the making of this informational podcast. 1. Rodenticides; Vet Clin Small Anim (or The Veterinary Clinics Small Animal Practice); 2002.2. Common Rodenticide Toxicoses in Small Animals; Vet Clin Small Anim (or Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice); 2018.3. Fatal bromethalin intoxication in 3 cats and 2 dogs with minimal or no histologic central nervous system spongiform change; Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation; 2018.4. Atypical bromethalin intoxication in a dog: pathologic features and identification of an isomeric breakdown product; BMC Veterinary Research; 2015.5. Quantitative method for analysis of six anticoagulant rodenticides in faeces, applied in a case with repeated samples from a dog; Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica; 2018.6. Determination of anticoagulant rodenticides in faeces of exposed dogs and in a healthy dog population; Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica; 2020.7. Analytical methods for determination of anticoagulant rodenticides in biological samples; Forensic Science International; 2015.8. Successful Management of Severe Bromethalin Toxicosis in a Dog; J Am Anim Hosp Assoc (or Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association); 2019.9. Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy for Bromethalin Toxicity in a Dog; J Am Anim Hosp Assoc (or Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association); 2016.10. An atypical presentation of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis in a dog; Can Vet J (or Canadian Veterinary Journal); 2023.

This podcast summarizes our knowledge of Rickets in domestic animals.

Here is a list of the articles used to create this information. 1. Title: Rickets, Vitamin D, and Ca/P Metabolism Year Published: 2022 Authors: Walter L. Miller, Erik A. Imel2. Title: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulation of metabolic homeostasis: An old dog teaches us new tricks Year Published: 2022 Authors: Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy, Clifford J. Rosen3. Title: Treatment of Hypovitaminosis D With Cholecalciferol in Dogs With Protein- Losing Enteropathies: A Randomized, Double- Blind, Placebo- Controlled, Clinical Trial Year Published: 2025 Authors: Sara A. Jablonski, Sarah B. Shropshire, Victoria E. Watson, Alison C. Manchester, Harry Cridge, Elizabeth M. Lennon, M. Katherine Tolbert4. Title: Primary hypoparathyroidism in six dogs Year Published: 1980 Authors: C.H. Sherding, D.J. Chew, J. Knaack, S. R. Haupt, D.J. Meuten5. Title: Therapeutic Management of Rickets in a Dog Year Published: 2012 Authors: G. Senthil Kumar, A. Kumaresan, M. Selvaraju, M. Subramanian6. Title: Equine Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Chapter 41) Year Published: Not specified in the source for this chapter Authors: Kelsey A. Hart (Chapter Author), Dianne McFarlane (Section Author)

This podcast summarizes our current knowledge of Neospora Caninum.

Here is a list of the articles used for the making of this podcast. 1. Title: Neospora caninum seropositivity and reproductive risk factors in dogs; Journal: Experimental Parasitology; Year Published: 20162. Title: Neospora caninum and Bovine Neosporosis: Current Vaccine Research; Journal: J. Comp. Path. (Journal of Comparative Pathology); Year Published: 20173. Title: Confirmation that the dog is a definitive host for Neospora caninum; Journal: Veterinary Parasitology; Year Published: 19994. Title: Neospora caninum in wildlife; Journal: TRENDS in Parasitology; Year Published: 20065. Title: Disseminated Neospora caninum infection in a dog with severe colitis (listed as a Brief Communication); Journal: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation; Year Published: 20206. Title: Exploring similarities and differences between Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in dogs (listed as a Review); Journal: Veterinary Research Communications; Year Published: 20247. Title: Neosporosis in 21 adult dogs, 2010-2023 (listed as a Standard Article); Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; Year Published: 20248. Title: Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum Infection in Dog Population Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (listed as a Review); Journal: Acta Parasitologica; Year Published: 2020

Here is a list of the articles used for the creation of this podcast. The articles provided contain the following publication details:1. Cardiorenal Syndrome: Diagnosis and Managemento Journal: Vet Clin Small Animo Year: 20172. Measurements of echocardiographic indices and biomarkers of kidney injury in dogs with chronic kidney diseaseo Journal: The Veterinary Journalo Year: 20203. Evaluation of serum neutrophil gelatinase– associated lipocalin as a novel biomarker of cardiorenal syndrome in dogso Journal: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigationo Year: 20184. Evaluation of the diagnostic value of the renal resistive index as a marker of the subclinical development of cardiorenal syndrome in Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease dogso Journal: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Systemo Year: 20215. Reversible Cardio- Renal- Cerebral Syndrome in a Dog: A Case Reporto Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicineo Year: 20256. Cardiovascular–renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statemento Journal: Journal of Small Animal Practiceo Year: 20157. CRRL269: A Novel Particulate Guanylyl Cyclase A Receptor Peptide Activator For Acute Kidney Injuryo Journal: Circ Res.o Year: 20198. Effects of Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition in Canines with Experimentally-Induced Cardiorenal Syndromeo Journal: Journal of Cardiac Failureo Year: 2020

Here are the titles, journals, and publication dates for each of the referenced articles:1. "A single-blinded phenobarbital-controlled trial of levetiracetam as mono-therapy in dogs with newly diagnosed epilepsy" Journal: The Veterinary Journal Date Published: 20162. "Effects of Long-Term Phenobarbital Treatment on the Liver in Dogs" Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Date Published: 20003. "Suspected Phenobarbital-Induced Pseudolymphoma in a Dog" Journal: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Date Published: 20174. "Successful treatment of a dog with phenobarbital-responsive sialadenosis and an oesophageal stricture" Journal: Veterinary Medicine and Science Date Published: 20215. "Pancytopenia secondary to suspected idiosyncratic phenobarbital reaction in a dog" Journal: Canadian Veterinary Journal Date Published: 20216. "Pharmacometrics modeling and simulation to assist phenobarbital dose optimization in dogs" Journal: Frontiers in Veterinary Science Date Published: 20257. "Comparison of caregivers’ assessments of clinical outcome in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy administered levetiracetam, zonisamide, or phenobarbital monotherapy" Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Date Published: 2023

Articles used for this episode:

Title: In Vitro Studies on the Oxidative Metabolism of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 in Human, Monkey, Dog, Rat, and Mouse Liver Microsomes, and Human Liver S9Journal: DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITIONYear Published: 2012Title: A 26-week 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 oral toxicity study in Beagle dogsJournal: Regulatory Toxicology and PharmacologyYear Published: 2020Title: Simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and 20(S) protopanaxatriol in beagle dog plasma by ultra high performance liquid mass spectrometry after oral administration of a Panax notoginseng saponin preparationJournal: Journal of Chromatography BYear Published: 2015Title: The biological functions of ginsenoside and its applications in animal husbandryJournal: Front. Vet. Sci.Year Published: 2025Title: Gut Bacterial Community Determines the Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside on Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating the Colonic Mucosal BarrierJournal: MicroorganismsYear Published: 2023

This is a general overview of toxoplasmosis in our feline companions.

Here are the names of the articles, the journals they were published in, and their publication dates:1. Genome-wide association studies with prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs, published in Front. Vet. Sci. on 24 January 2025.2. Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs, published in Genes on 1 February 2024.3. Clinical and histologic evaluation of the prolapsed third eyelid gland in dogs, published in J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. on December 15, 1992.4. Breed and conformational predispositions for prolapsed nictitating membrane gland (PNMG) in dogs in the UK: A VetCompass study, published in PLoS ONE on January 26, 2022.5. An Evidence-Based Rapid Review of Surgical Techniques for Correction of Prolapsed Nictitans Glands in Dogs, published in Vet. Sci. on 23 August 2018.

Clinical use of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012–2022)

Questions:

What was the primary objective of the study regarding uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS)? A. To compare the cost-effectiveness of BEMBS versus traditional surgical methods for EHBO. B. To describe the application of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stenting (BEMBS) for treatment of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstructions (EHBOs) and the outcomes for dogs and cats treated with this technique. C. To develop a new surgical technique for placing metallic biliary stents endoscopically. D. To analyze the long-term histological changes in bile ducts after BEMBS placement.

According to the study, which of the following is a key advantage of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS) compared to traditional plastic stents for EHBO? A. They are easier to remove post-placement. B. They are less expensive to manufacture. C. They remain patent for longer periods of time and are less likely to develop biofilm. D. They require less specialized surgical equipment for deployment.

Which of the following was identified as a common challenge or complication associated with traditionalsurgical management of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstructions (EHBOs) in dogs and cats, as discussed in the sources? A. Decreased surgical time compared to stent placement. B. High success rates with minimal long-term complications. C. High mortality rates (7%-64% in dogs and 22%-100% in cats) and complications such as stent occlusion and biofilm formation. D. Inability to confirm bile duct patency during the procedure.

What was the median bile-duct patency duration observed for dogs and cats, respectively, with long-term follow-up available in the study by Bergen, Travis, and Pike (2023)? A. Cats: 70.5 days; Dogs: 190 days. B. Cats: 1.8-5.5 months; Dogs: 3.4-9.4 months. C. Cats: 446 days; Dogs: 650.5 days. D. Cats: 48 hours; Dogs: 62 days.

Answers: 

B, C, C, C