Explore every episode of the podcast The South East Asia Travel Show
| Title | Pub. Date | Duration | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asia is Back on the Global Map!: The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Conference Topics in Fall 2024 | 17 oct. 2024 | 00:31:40 | |
Asia is Back! After playing catch-up since 2022, Asia is once again central to conversations about the future of global tourism. We are in the middle of the Fall conference season, and Asian travel themes are taking centre stage. And the content and tone has changed notably since 2019. So, this week, Gary and Hannah - who are speaking at and attending various events across Asia and beyond - run down this season's Top 10 Travel & Tourism Conference Topics. In a packed show, we discuss the shifting influences of Gen Zs, Indigenous Tourism, Blended Travel, Superapps, Overtourism, AI, Muslim Tourism, China & India and the dynamic definition of Experiences. | |||
| Deconstructing China's October Golden Week in Asia Pacific & Beyond, with Sienna Parulis-Cook, Dragon Trail International | 09 oct. 2024 | 00:34:20 | |
China's October National Day public holiday is the third 'Golden Week' of the year. In 2024, it just wrapped up amid a global sense that Chinese outbound tourism is definitively back. Twenty-one months after China reopened for travel, destinations across South East Asia, Asia Pacific and worldwide enjoyed their most optimistic Golden Week since the corresponding period way back in 2019. To discuss the top takeaways, Gary is joined by Sienna Parulis-Cook, Director of Marketing & Communications for Dragon Trail international. In a broad-ranging discussion, we dissect various key issues, ranging from visa-free travel to events and festivals, and data from the top OTAs and niche booking platforms to the two most-visited destinations, Hong Kong and Macau. Intriguing Golden Week hotspots under discussion also include Georgia, Italy, Turkey, Japan and Malaysia, and we track the shifts in Chinese traveller sentiment from Dragon Trail's new survey. Plus, we chart the ongoing rise of red-hot travel and lifestyle app Xiaohongshu, and place our cards on the table about the Chinese travel trends to watch out for in 2025. | |||
| Tourist Taxes, University Tourism & A Hotel Building Ban: September 2024 in Review | 30 sept. 2024 | 00:34:09 | |
This week, China's October Golden Week kickstarts Q4 of 2024 and the path toward South East Asia completing a 5-year Covid cycle. So, it's the perfect time to assess the top 8 talking points from the 9th month of the year. We begin in Thailand with the issues around the proposed introduction of Electronic Travel Authorisation, while Royal Assent for the Marriage Equality Bill makes it the third Asian jurisdiction to legalise same-sex unions. Elsewhere, AirAsia grabbed headlines throughout September and Singapore scored another F1 win. Plus, a new VAT refund scheme for tourists in the Philippines and a possible hotel construction moratorium in Bali. And finally, a Singaporean university is attempting to balance the inconveniences and benefits of a surge in tourist visitors. | |||
| Tackling Economic Leakage & Sustainability Grandstanding in Tourism, with Ewan Cluckie, Tripseed | 23 sept. 2024 | 00:32:38 | |
"How do you know your tourism activity's overall impact is beneficial to a community if you aren't measuring it?" This week, Gary and Hannah discuss economic leakages and quantifying the impacts on local communities of tour operations with Ewan Cluckie, Founder of Thailand-based Tripseed. Socio-economic sustainability in tourism is an under-scrutinised topic, but Tripseed is confronting it head-on. The company recently published phase 1 of its deeply researched Economic Distribution Disclosure Initiative, a set of tools and metrics designed to "drive transparency and positive impact within the local economy”. Ewan discusses why economic leakage is "particularly pronounced" in Thailand, and research related to other ASEAN countries. So, what are these leakages, how do you measure and compare them - and where does the money go? And, how can leakages be assessed for suppliers further along the chain, whose data might be tricky to obtain? Ewan also provides a heads-up about the areas that this innovative tourism impact project in South East Asia will address next - and the interest it has garnered from university research institutes and large private sector organisations. | |||
| Stargazing Tourism, a 'Cultural Industrial Hub' & New UNESCO Heritage Sites: August 2024 in Review | 10 sept. 2024 | 00:26:16 | |
"The pieces of South East Asia's post-pandemic tourism jigsaw are still being put into place". Regional travel and tourism trends continue to be impacted by the Covid era, both from a supply and demand perspective. So, as we march full steam into the final third of 2024, what were the Top 8 talking points in August 2024? On our monthly roundup, we discuss the fallout from Malaysia Airlines' decision to cut almost one-fifth of its capacity, assess the airline volumes into the region from China and dive into the factors behind the latest round of quarterly airline earnings. We also discuss Thailand establishing 18 Dark Sky Reserves to attract stargazing tourists and Ho Chi Minh City's promotion of 8 soft powers in a play to be a "cultural industrial hub." Plus, which two countries in the region are celebrating the inscription of new UNESCO World Heritage Sites? And which ASEAN nation has achieved a 101% recovery of its visitor arrivals so far this year compared to 2019? | |||
| The Outlook for Muslim Friendly Tourism & Hospitality in Asia Pacific, with Nizran Noordin, Islamic Tourism Centre | 30 août 2024 | 00:28:56 | |
"The Muslim friendly tourism and hospitality eco-system will be the next big thing in global tourism." Muslim tourism is forecast to be valued at USD225 billion worldwide by 2030, with ASEAN and Asia Pacific at the centre of future growth. To discuss the challenges and opportunities up ahead for the travel industry, Gary and Hannah welcome Nizran Noordin, Director General of the Islamic Tourism Centre, which is based in Malaysia. We discuss the efforts being made to support and promote the Muslim visitor economy in South East Asian nations such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia and the Philippines, plus regional markets like China, Russia, Uzbekistan, South Korea, Hong Kong and Macau. We also address the challenges of developing standardised Muslim tourism branding, marketing and communications. Plus, Nizran outlines Malaysia's strategy to become a regional hub for Umrah pilgrims, and highlights some of the key themes at the upcoming 4th World Islamic Tourism Conference, which takes place in Kuala Lumpur in September. | |||
| The 2024 South East Asia Tourism Year (So Far) in Review - Data Free! | 19 août 2024 | 00:34:02 | |
We are almost two-thirds through 2024. This year, more than ever, South East Asia's travel and tourism recovery and regrowth is being assessed through the lens of data and statistics. But quantifying every aspect of tourism obfuscates the dynamic political, economic, societal, technological and environmental factors behind those numbers. So, this week Gary and Hannah ask and answer 8 critical questions about the direction of regional travel in 2024, and beyond – without referencing data. Can we go an entire show without stating Thailand’s latest monthly arrivals or air passenger data at Changi? En route, we discuss political leadership changes in Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore, the ongoing LCC rebuild, the return of Chinese travellers at scale and disruption in the aircraft manufacturing sector. Plus, what's next for Asian currency values and the impact on travel, casino legalisation in Thailand, visa waivers, and m-pox planning across the region? And why have high-speed railway proposals become a governmental "must have" across ASEAN in 2024? | |||
| EV Tours, Cross-Border Trains & New Hotels Popping Up: The Shifting Tourism Landscape in Laos, with Jason Rolan & Benny Kong | 08 août 2024 | 00:31:01 | |
Land-locked Laos is a beautiful part of South East Asia, where tourism is coming back to life despite tough economic times. Overland travel is a dynamic driver, following the launch in 2023 of the cross-border China-Laos railway, and - last month - a new train link between Bangkok and Vientiane. To navigate Laos's changing travel landscape, Gary is joined by Jason Rolan, Tourism Specialist and Senior Partner at RDK Group, and Benny Kong, Co-Founder of Discover Laos Today. In a broad-ranging chat, we address the first-half year visitor arrivals to Laos, and its top inbound markets - and the latest visa entry measures designed to attract more visitors from selected markets. We also discuss changing visitor perceptions, booming hotel investment and infrastructure development, notable shifts in seasonality and labour supply challenges in the hospitality sector. Plus, Benny talks about the popular response to the EV tours and self-drive EV car rentals his company has introduced in three parts of the country - including a vintage-style guided EV trip around Luang Prabang, which is building a viral buzz on social media.
| |||
| The Bali Benchmark, TikTok's Travel Sandbox & The Mole in Malaysia: July 2024 in Review | 31 juil. 2024 | 00:31:50 | |
July is a busy season. Chinese summer holiday tourists returned to the region in large numbers, while destinations across ASEAN implemented various measures to boost their full-year tourism arrivals. And we had some extreme weather events as well. So, what were the Top 8 travel and tourism talking points in July? In our monthly round-up, Gary and Hannah travel around ASEAN, with stopovers in Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, plus China and India. En route, we discuss TikTok's latest travel play in Thailand and Indonesia, jet planes returning to KL's Subang Airport after more than two decades and growing legal pressure on illegal tour operators. And, a new survey shows that Chinese tour groups are smaller and younger than pre-pandemic. Plus, is Bali the new benchmark in the battle to attract Chinese and Indian tourists? How many countries worldwide does Singapore's power-packed passport enable its citizens to visit visa-free? And why hasn't Netflix series The Mole been promoted in Malaysia, despite being filmed around the country? | |||
| Decarbonising Aviation: Is 'Net-Zero Emissions' Achievable - And How?, with Shantanu Gangakhedkar, Frost & Sullivan | 23 juil. 2024 | 00:32:02 | |
SAF. Future Fuels. Hydrogen. Electric. Hybrid. Aviation contributes approx 2-3% of global CO2 emissions, with the majority being from aircraft movements. But how bad could it get? And what steps are being taken - and how quickly - by governments, regulators, airlines, aircraft manufacturers and airports to reduce emissions at scale? To address these big issues, Gary welcomes back to the show Shantanu Gangakedkhar, Senior Consultant, Aerospace & Defense, at Frost & Sullivan. Shantanu recently wrote a White Paper called Sustainable Technologies in Aviation, and speaks at aviation conferences worldwide. Decarbonising our skies is complex, and will require an entire turnaround of the airline and airport sectors. It will also incur costs that will be passed onto travellers. But how quickly can governments and regulators push through mandates to speed up progress? And, the big question, is Net Zero by 2050 actually achievable? A fascinating deep dive into the critical issues around air travel, air pollution and climate impact.
| |||
| Reflections on the 1st UN Tourism Regional Forum on Gastronomy Tourism for Asia Pacific in Cebu, the Philippines | 12 juil. 2024 | 00:29:52 | |
The symbiosis of food and tourism is not a new topic, but the contexts are changing. Across ASEAN and Asia Pacific, fast-moving trends in food tourism are driven by social media videos and tasting tests and a raft of culinary awards, guides, ratings and reviews. Beyond changing traveller appetites, vital issues - such as climate impact, resource allocation, automated farming techniques, and fair pricing for food producers - are gaining urgency. This week, Gary is joined by Jens Thraenhart, Former Executive Director of Mekong Tourism & Former CEO of the Barbados Tourism Board, to discuss these issues, and many more, which were addressed at the inaugural UN Tourism Regional Forum on Gastronomy Tourism for Asia Pacific in Cebu, the Philippines. The event addressed the opportunities and challenges ahead for food tourism across the region, and the issues that impact the food chain and agricultural production as tourism trends diversify. Gary and Jens also reflect on the key themes discussed by government delegations and affiliate members at the 36th Joint Meeting of the UN Tourism Commissions for East Asia & the Pacific and South Asia, also in Cebu. This week's show is adapted from the High-Yield Tourism Podcast. To find out more, visit: www.highyieldtourism.com | |||
| Bangkok-Vientiane by Train and KL-Nairobi by Plane: June 2024 in Review | 04 juil. 2024 | 00:30:12 | |
So, we’ve passed a significant threshold. The first half of 2024 is completed – and an unseemly scramble will now occur to try and match – or get very close to – 2019 travel metrics across the region. In this context of competition, it’s time to round up the top 8 travel talking points from June – and what an action-packed month it proved to be. This week, Gary and Hannah travel around ASEAN, with stopovers in Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Laos and Myanmar, plus China and – better believe it – Kenya. En route, we discuss a new round of visa easing in several countries, the first Gastronomy Tourism Forum for Asia Pacific and a boom in film and TV productions in Thailand. Plus, what's happening with Malaysia's much discussed MM2H visa? And will Boracay succeed in attracting more Muslim tourists? Plus, we discuss the highly-anticipated launch of a Bangkok-Vientiane train service, and Air Asia X takes off from KL to Nairobi. | |||
| From the Dubai of ASEAN to China's Mega-Percentages: South East Asia's Top 10 Travel Takeaways From H1 2024 | 21 juin 2024 | 00:30:01 | |
The 'Dubai of ASEAN'. China's Mega-Percentages. The 'Next Taylor Swift' Event. Tourism in an Ageing Region. At the end of the first half of 2024, Gary and Hannah look back at the 10 most consequential travel takeaways in South East Asia and beyond. En route, we discuss political leadership change in three key markets, a proliferation of proposed tourism fees and the expansion of 'digital identity' in airports. Plus, we dive into Singapore's Vision 2040 and Vietnam's visitor forecasts through 2045. Plus, which ASEAN countries negotiated new air connectivity with India, and why are Chinese outbound growth metrics so huge? Finally, the media onslaught is taking shape for what will be the region's Travel & TV phenomenon of 2025. | |||
| Reviewing Tourism in Thailand in the First Half of 2024, with Vincent Vichit-Vadakan | 14 juin 2024 | 00:32:03 | |
This week, Thailand confirmed it IS targeting 40 million arrivals in 2024. Achieving this goal would set an annual record for Thailand and - crucially - surpass the 39.9 million visitors in 2019. It would be a stellar achievement. So, it's the perfect time to assess the year so far in Thai tourism - and look ahead - with Bangkok-based travel journalist Vincent Vichit-Vadakan. We discuss Thailand's visa liberalisation measures in recent months, and its highly anticipated Soft Power Conference later in June - which will present a diverse vision of Thailand's future, including tourism, culture, arts, cuisine, music, fashion and festivals among its 11 soft power pillars. Plus, we chat about new hotel and resort developments, the influence of TV series and movies filmed across Thailand and last-minute flight prices. And, we look ahead to the Marriage Equality Bill being enshrined into law and its potential impact on tourism. Travelling beyond Thailand, we delve into EV tours in Laos, multigenerational travel from India and a major upcoming tourism development in Sri Lanka's capital Colombo. | |||
| Is South East Asia's Era of Hotel Rate Growth Now Over?, with Jesper Palmqvist, STR CoStar | 07 juin 2024 | 00:30:14 | |
"The narrative is changing. We're not talking about the pace of hotel rate growth anymore." Stability and volatility may sound contradictory, but both terms help to explain hotel performance in South East Asian markets and China so far in 2024. To delve deeper into the evolving travel, tourism and geo-economic factors influencing the hotel industry, Gary and Hannah welcome Jesper Palmqvist, Senior Director, Asia Pacific, at STR CoStar, back to the show. In a broad-ranging interview, Jesper discusses consumer spending, hotel pipelines, differentiated luxury segments, booking windows, public holidays, weather patterns and the return of seasonality throughout the region. We also address intra-ASEAN flight connectivity and the interlocking travel factors in North East Asia, and their impacts in ASEAN markets. Plus, we dive into the developing post-pandemic trends in Singapore - which is a regional benchmark travel and hospitality market - and the objectives and potential outcomes of its Vision 2040 strategy. | |||
| "From Battambang to Taking the Stage in New York, Sydney & Montreal": The Best Bits From The South East Asia Travel Show in May 2024 | 05 juin 2024 | 00:15:52 | |
"From Battambang to Taking the Stage in New York, Sydney & Montreal" to "Say versus Do in Sustainable Tourism" and "Backwards Steps in Domestic Tourism in ASEAN". Welcome to the third edition of our monthly mini-round-up of the key moments from recent podcast discussions and interviews. During May, Craig Dodge, Senior Director of Sales & Marketing at Phare, discusses the compelling journey of Cambodia's arts circus from a wartime refugee camp in Battambang to a theatre stage tour taking in New York, Sydney & Montreal. Plus, we discuss the backwards steps in incentivising and promoting domestic tourism in South East Asia since the pandemic, and Thailand's latest visa entry gambit. Plus, in which ASEAN country are 34% of travellers becoming "tired of hearing about climate change all the time"? Is the Say-Do gap in sustainable tourism shifting emphasis? | |||
| "Clear Air Turbulence", Thailand's Visa Bonanza, Singapore's Vision 2040 & Vietnam Shades 2019: May 2024 in Review | 31 mai 2024 | 00:28:54 | |
We’re steaming through 2024, with 5 months already completed, and attracting tourists is becoming intensely competitive. This week, Gary and Hannah review South East Asia's top 8 travel and tourism stories during May. This month's round-up takes us to Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, the Philippines, China and India. En route we discuss "sudden, extreme turbulence" on a Singapore Airlines flight, Vietnam surpasses 2019 visitor arrivals so far in 2024, a pending takeover of Malaysia Airports and a raft of new visa entry categories rolled out in Thailand. Plus, which countries are chasing pole position to host a new F1 Grand Prix in the region? And which two ASEAN attractions were listed among the world's top 100 "most boring" tourism sites? | |||
| Running Away to the Circus, and Cambodia's Tourism Recovery, with Craig Dodge, Phare | 15 mai 2024 | 00:30:55 | |
With a 5.0 TripAdvisor rating, Phare, the Cambodian Circus based in Siem Reap, must be doing something right. We speak to Craig Dodge, their Senior Director of Sales and Marketing, about the journey this social enterprise has taken from humble beginnings in Battambang to shows in New York City. Along the way, we talk Cambodia's tourism recovery and the pull between positioning it as a mono destination vs part of a multi-country Southeast Asian itinerary. Lastly, we finish off with why Craig is such an advocate for Cambodian attractions and tour operators to get online. | |||
| Visa Waivers, Extreme Weather, AI Tools & ‘All-Gender Weddings’: Revisiting the 2024 Travel Wishlist | 10 mai 2024 | 00:26:12 | |
As we speed towards the mid-point of 2024, it's time to revisit our annual top 10 list of travel wishes and expectations, which we created in January. How have our predictions measured up so far this year? En route, we assess whether travel visa waivers have become a competitive battleground in South East Asia, and look at evolving patterns in the Public Holiday vs Weekend vs Weekday travel economies. Plus, are we seeing any progress to bridge the Say-Do gap in sustainable travel activity, and is there any evidence to support the AI hype in travel supply and demand? And we track the timeline of Thailand's institutional journey to become the region's first nation to legalise same-sex weddings. When could this become enshrined in law, and how might it influence new travel trends? | |||
| "Everyone Wants to Go to Japan": The Best Bits From The South East Asia Travel Show in April 2024 | 01 mai 2024 | 00:16:14 | |
From "Everyone wants to go to Japan" to "Thailand's on the verge of over-tourism" to "Three towers with a surf board on top". Welcome to our new monthly mini-roundup of the key moments from recent podcast discussions and interviews. During April, Philip See, Group Chief Sustainability Officer & CEO of Loyalty and Travel Solutions of the Malaysia Aviation Group, discusses the sustainable aviation challenges and opportunities in South East Asia. Plus, we head to Japan to break down the astonishing surge of inbound travel from South East Asia to one of Asia Pacific's hottest destinations. We tackle the re-emergence (or otherwise) of Thailand's THB300 tourism tax, and Hannah consults Google Maps to locate the under-development fourth tower of Singapore's iconic Marina Bay Sands resort. All this and much more in our April rewind. | |||
| The Return of Over-tourism, Chinese Tourists & Thailand’s Tourism Tax: April 2024 in Review | 25 avr. 2024 | 00:31:20 | |
“Whatever happened to ‘Quality Tourism’?” As we complete one-third of 2024, what were the top 8 travel talking points in April? Gary and Hannah journey across the region, with stops in Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, China and Dubai. We analyse the increase in Chinese arrivals to ASEAN & Asia Pacific in Q1, and preview the May Labour Day holiday. We review travel volumes during the Songkran, Eid/Lebaran and Khmer New Year travel periods. Plus, a Thai tourism leader calls for a new visitor levy to battle over-tourism in primary destinations, while Malaysian budget hoteliers raise their rates. We assess the regional aviation impact of Dubai’s catastrophic flooding and the eruption of Mt Ruang in Indonesia. Plus, Bali raises a Dengue Fever alert and Singapore hits 95% of its pre-pandemic monthly arrivals in March - partly thanks to a certain tortured pop poet. | |||
| The Top 8 Statistical Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia | 19 avr. 2024 | 00:30:19 | |
Travel and tourism in South East Asia are heavily stat-driven. Indeed, 2024 is turning out to be a year of shouting loudly about milestones and 2019 catch-ups across the region. So, this week, Hannah and Gary assess 8 hot numerical topics, taking us to Singapore, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, China and Japan. En route, we deconstruct the 2023 total of 100 million arrivals to South East Asia, and analyse the Q1 figures in key markets. Thailand is out front in ASEAN, while Japan is breaking monthly records in North East Asia - with strong support from South East Asian travellers. Plus, will the 6-nation ASEAN border-free travel visa get off the ground? When are Vietnam's 2 high-speed rail routes to China slated to begin construction? How has Malaysia achieved an 85% growth in cruise port visits compared to pre-pandemic? Plus, how many passengers rode the China-Laos railway in its first 12 months, and why is the 4th tower at a Singapore tourism icon gaining media coverage across Asia Pacific? | |||
| Building an Airline Sustainability Strategy, with Philip See, Malaysia Aviation Group | 11 avr. 2024 | 00:31:26 | |
As sustainability targets in aviation gain sharper focus, airlines and governments in South East Asia are racing to implement strategies. These range from sustainable aviation fuel levies to in-house trainings. With news this week that Malaysia plans to implement a carbon levy, Hannah picks the perfect time to discuss a broad range of issues with Philip See, Group Chief Sustainability Officer & CEO of Loyalty and Travel Solutions, of the Malaysia Aviation Group. This compelling chat takes us back to the pandemic when Malaysia Airlines, Firefly, AMAL and MASWings were restructured and recapitalised, and the subsequent strategy shifts in operations, marketing, ancillary services - and sustainability. The discussion dives deeply into key issues around SAF, such as production, procurement and formulation, and whether costs will be passed onto passengers. Philip also discusses socially sustainable initiatives, such as recruiting and training female aviation engineers and pilots, and environmental issues that extend beyond emissions, such as managing waste. | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in March 2024 | 04 avr. 2024 | 00:31:26 | |
Well, we’ve completed the first quarter of 2024 – where did that go? March was another frenetic month, with plenty of travel and tourism news, statistics, announcements and pronouncements. So where is South East Asia at exactly 2 years after the region began to reopen after the pandemic? Gary and Hannah discuss March’s Top 8 talking points, with stop-offs in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines and China. En route, we analyse potential legislative shifts for Marriage Equality and Casino Gaming in Thailand, Singapore's World’s Best MICE City campaign and Vietnam's Q1 arrivals surpassing the same 2019 period. Plus, illegal resort development in a protected area of the Philippines, the launch of AirAsia Cambodia and Bali's Tourism Tax leakages. And is China this year's hottest outbound destination for South East Asian travellers?
| |||
| The Best Bits from The South East Asia Travel Show in March 2024 | 02 avr. 2024 | 00:19:35 | |
Welcome to our new monthly mini-roundup of the key moments from The South East Asia Travel Show’s recent editions. The March rewind features red-hot talking points including ASEAN's domestic and international flight recovery, Indonesia's most popular outbound destinations, the opportunities for adventure travel in Laos and China's remarkable inbound tourism policy shift. We also discuss Thailand's Prime Minister becoming the nation's pre-eminent tourism salesman, and the passing on of travel costs to tourists and travellers around the region. Plus, could Vietnam build a high-speed train connecting Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in just five hours? Many thanks to our expert guests this month: Pauline Suharno in Indonesia, Inthy Deuansavanh in Laos, Brendan Sobie in Singapore, James Clark in Australia and Yereth Jansen in China. | |||
| The Eco-Tourism Adventurer of Laos: In Conversation with Inthy Deuansavanh, Inthira Group | 25 mars 2024 | 00:30:19 | |
"It is my dream for Laos to be at the centre of adventure eco-tourism in the region." Laos is a beautiful land-locked nation clad in forested mountains, but its adventure and eco-tourism sectors are still developing from a low base. This week, Gary and Hannah welcome Inthy Deuansavanh, Head of Vientiane-based Inthira Group, which owns and operates eco-minded hotels, resorts, restaurants and adventure travel experiences throughout Laos. A lifelong hiker and camping enthusiast, Inthy's journey began by opening a restaurant for tourists before he pioneered adventure-based eco-tourism and the Green Discovery Sustainability Fund. Inthy talks about the evolution of sustainable tourism experiences in Laos, and why the nation needs more eco-conscious tour operators. He discusses how the China-Laos train is opening up exploration of remote areas of beauty, and the importance of involving local communities in the tourism eco-system. Plus, what is the ‘Coffee in the Sky’ experience? And which country provides the most tourists for Inthira's adventure activities (clue: it may be a surprise, although celebrity social media influencers are a key driver)? | |||
| The Outlook for Travel & Tourism in Indonesia, with Pauline Suharno, ASTINDO | 20 mars 2024 | 00:30:22 | |
Indonesia is by some margin the largest country, with the largest population and largest economy, in South East Asia. It also counts a fascinating interplay between inbound and outbound travel and a vast domestic travel and tourism sector. This week, Gary and Hannah welcome back Pauline Suharno, President of ASTINDO, the Indonesian Travel Agents Association, to discuss the overall recovery in 2023, and the outlook for 2024. En route, we discuss the hot destinations for outbound tourists, the continued high cost of domestic air tickets and new travel packages for passengers jumping aboard the Whoosh high-speed rail. Plus, what's the current status of development for the 5 Super Priority Destinations? Will destinations welcome a record number of domestic travellers for the upcoming Lebaran (Eid al-Fitr) holidays? And what are the key areas to be addressed for the promotion and development of Indonesia's travel and tourism sector? | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in Q1 2024 | 15 mars 2024 | 00:31:13 | |
From Changi's statistical milestone to a festive travel renaissance and Taylor Diplomacy to Thailand's 'Tourism Salesman'. As the end of Q1 2024 draws near, we move towards another major milestone. Nearly two years ago, on 1 April 2022, South East Asia began to fully reopen after the dark days of the pandemic. So, how has the first quarter of 2024 panned out, and what were the key takeaways? This week, Gary and Hannah assess the Top 8 travel and tourism talking points from throughout the region in the first three months of 2024. En route, we discuss the debut of China's C919 aircraft in ASEAN, the Thai PM's tourism pitch at ITB Berlin and higher passenger service charges in Malaysia. Plus, we look at AirAsia's plan to launch new airlines in Singapore and Vietnam and its parent company's goal of listing on the Nasdaq later this year. And we garnish each talking point with the region's latest travel statistics. | |||
| Assessing South East Asia's Air Travel Recovery 4 Years After the Declaration of a Pandemic, with Brendan Sobie | 11 mars 2024 | 00:35:29 | |
Today marks 4 years since the WHO declared Covid-19 a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. We know what happened next, especially in Asia Pacific where the impacts on travel lasted longer than elsewhere. So where is South East Asia's air travel recovery currently at – and what is the outlook for the rest of the year, and beyond? To discuss these big questions, Gary chats with Brendan Sobie, Founder of Sobie Aviation and one of the region’s most prolific aviation analysts. The discussion covers the entire aviation, airline and airport landscape. Which markets have achieved a full domestic recovery and which haven't - and will they ever do so? Is the 'post-pandemic honeymoon' period for large airline profits ending? And how are legacy carriers and LCCs positioned for the next phase of realignment? We look at the 5 busiest international airports in Asia Pacific, and the traffic shifts as competition re-intensifies. And, we address the evolution of air fares, which are moderating but "still significantly higher overall than they were". Plus we discuss higher costs for airlines, and how this makes managing yields more challenging. And we analyse the growth outlook for the region's mega-markets, China and India, influential markets, such as the Middle East, Central Asia, Japan, South Korea and Australia and intra-ASEAN trends. | |||
| Is China Serious About Attracting More Inbound Tourists & Business Travellers?, with Yereth Jansen | 08 mars 2024 | 00:36:03 | |
Are we seeing the start of a transformation in China's travel sector? While outbound tourism grabs the headlines, a vibrant domestic travel recovery and a shift towards opening up its inbound sector garner less coverage. That is starting to change as the Chinese government expands its visa-free policy to visitors from 15 countries (11 from Europe and 4 from South East Asia). Given that inbound travel has always been a low priority, has the pandemic changed everything? And how closely is this dramatic shift aligned with a drive to attract more investment for reviving the economy? To analyse these questions, Gary is joined by Shanghai-based Yereth Jansen, China CEO of Darling Advertising and a UN Tourism consultant. We address the impact of the Covid years on China's travel economy, and the current state of the domestic recovery. Also. we assess moves to make it easier for foreign visitors to navigate their way around China and pay for products and services, and how provincial governments are developing new international marketing campaigns. Plus, we look at how live-streaming and short-video apps are gaining market share in China for selling travel products, and the pressure this places on OTAs like Ctrip - which is ramping up the APAC marketing strategy for its Trip.com brand. | |||
| Future South East Asia: The Top 8 New Airport, High-Speed Rail & Urban Development Projects, with James Clark | 04 mars 2024 | 00:33:20 | |
Wherever you travel in South East Asia, it’s impossible to miss that transport infrastructure is being built out on a vast scale. After the lull of the pandemic era, this will accelerate over the next decade and beyond. Airport capacities are being expanded, high-speed and urban railways constructed and even new cities built from scratch. So how will this influence the future direction of travel and tourism in the region? This week, Gary is joined by James Clark, Founder of the Future South East Asia newsletter, to assess the current status of 8 potentially game-changing travel and transport projects throughout ASEAN. From new airport terminals in Bangkok and Phnom Penh to high-speed railways in Vietnam and Thailand, we also look at the new light railway connecting southern Malaysia and Singapore and Ho Chi Minh City's debut metro line. Plus, we stop off in Indonesia to assess the progress of its new capital city, Nusantara, and the long-touted Bali Railway - which aims to reduce traffic congestion in the south of the island and speed up journeys to/from the airport. | |||
| Reflecting on 4 Years & 200 Episodes of The South East Asia Travel Show | 21 févr. 2024 | 00:38:25 | |
Happy Anniversary to us. Launched on 9 January 2020, The South East Asia Travel Show has reached the 200 episodes milestone. This week, Gary and Hannah reflect on the key travel and tourism issues from the past four years, a large chunk of which was clouded by the pandemic. Within one month of launching, the WHO classified the Novel Coronavirus as a global health emergency, and two months later declared a pandemic. Despite covering travel during a period when very little travel was actually happening in the region, we've been able to interview experts from 18 different countries in South East Asia, Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. We've also covered diverse topics ranging from Ethical Travel to Concert Tourism, Travel Sandboxes to Vaccinated Travel Lanes, and Travel Filmmaking to Tourism Transformation Planning. Along the way, the show has grown its international reach. So far in 2024, our podcast has been downloaded in 73 countries, from the US to India, Thailand to Brazil, Turkey to Ukraine and Morocco to New Zealand. So, please join us to look back across a rollercoaster four-year ride, and our thoughts about the regional travel outlook for 2024 and beyond. | |||
| Will Bali's Tourism Bounce-back Continue in 2024?, with the Bali Hotels Association | 13 févr. 2024 | 00:34:55 | |
Bali has bounced back impressively over the past year for international and domestic arrivals - but will that momentum endure as regional competition intensifies in 2024? This week, Bali introduces the International Tourism Levy, which must be paid in addition to the visa-on-arrival fee. Could this impact tourist numbers? To help us piece together the details and discuss the tourism outlook, Gary and Hannah welcome back Simona Chimenti and Melina Caruso of the Bali Hotels Association. We recap Bali's vital statistics from 2023 and the top visitor markets, plus we look at efforts to encourage Indonesian travellers in specific segments to stay local rather than head overseas. We analyse the current status of two mega-markets, India and China, touch on new flight services and key issues such as booking windows and seasonality. Plus, when and how do visitors pay the International Tourism Levy? What's the latest news about the proposed Bali railway? And what steps are hotels taking to tackle plastic trash and food waste across the island? | |||
| Will Taylornomics Encourage OTAs & SuperApps to Sell Concert Tickets in Asia? | 06 févr. 2024 | 00:34:54 | |
This week, multi-Grammy-winning Taylor Swift kicks off her Asia tour in Tokyo ahead of dates in Melbourne, Sydney and six sold-out shows in Singapore. Music tourism is a hot emerging trend in Asia, with destinations like Singapore, Tokyo, Seoul, Macau, Bangkok, Jakarta and Hong Kong competing to attract shows by Asian and global megastars. So, what happens next? Could Concert Tickets & Events Travel Packages become a new category on OTA and SuperApp platforms alongside hotels, flights and car rentals? Might payment brands become pop ticket distributors? Does the event ticketing model need to change – and, if so, what are some of the potential scenarios for the travel industry? Gary and Hannah are joined by Martin Haigh, Sales Director of Total Ticketing, which is a supplier of live event ticketing software to travel agents, attractions, integrated resorts, stadiums and B2C ticketing companies. We discuss the mechanics of concert and sports event tourism, potential disruption to the sales channels for music concerts and major events - and the reasons why so many Taylor Swift fans missed out on their dream ticket.
| |||
| South East Asia's Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in January | 02 févr. 2024 | 00:33:19 | |
The 2023 visitor arrivals and airport passenger statistics are published, and the gloves are off. As the region prepares for a vibrant Lunar New Year travel season, 2024 is set to be the most shape-shifting year for travel since 2019. So, how has South East Asia started the year in travel and tourism terms? Gary and Hannah discuss January’s Top 8 talking points, which include bilateral visa-free travel agreements with China, proposals for a "seamless ASEAN" and a "single ASEAN airline", plus a national MICE Sustainability certification. We also discuss the variable forecasts for visitor arrivals in 2024 and shifting post-Covid patterns of competition among Asia Pacific's four largest airports. Plus, we assess the origin and curtailment of a significant tax hike that caused uproar across Indonesia's tourism industry. | |||
| The Outlook for Travel & Tourism in Vietnam, with Mike Tatarski, Vietnam Weekly | 18 janv. 2024 | 00:34:15 | |
Boosted by a population surpassing 100 million, Vietnam counts one of the region’s fastest growing travel and aviation markets. To assess the outlook for tourism in 2024, Gary and Hannah welcome back Ho Chi Minh City-based Mike Tatarski, founder of the Vietnam Weekly newsletter. We begin by recapping the 2023 recovery for inbound, outbound and domestic travel, and dissect the top visitor markets. We discuss the challenges for the air market, particularly with high prices irking domestic passengers and the financial struggles of Bamboo Airways. Transport infrastructure remains a hot topic. We assess the progress of new airport developments in Ho Chi Minh City and other provinces, and the latest status of the much-hyped North-South high-speed railway. Plus, we talk overdevelopment in Phu Quoc, environmental management in Halong Bay, and why Japan is such a popular destination for Vietnamese tourists. | |||
| The 2024 Travel & Tourism Wishlist for South East Asia | 10 janv. 2024 | 00:37:18 | |
As we begin the second full calendar year of travel and tourism in South East Asia since the pandemic, it’s time to look ahead at what 2024 might offer. This week, Gary and Hannah discuss their Top 10 list of travel and tourism wishes, expectations and forecasts for 2024. It’s going to a be competitive and challenging year, but scratching beneath the surface what are the critical issues to be addressed? We expect visa waivers will be a key destination battleground, ponder whether ASEAN should create a statistical standard for benchmarking tourist arrivals and talk tough on Revenge Travel and Generative AI. We analyse the transformative impacts of climate change and extreme weather for travel across the region, and address the 'Say-Do' sustainability gap for Asian travellers. Plus, why is the Weekend Economy a topic of interest to watch in 2024, and could Thailand enjoy a signifiant diversity boost for tourism this year? | |||
| 2023 in Review: This Year’s Top 10 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia | 14 déc. 2023 | 00:36:26 | |
The first full calendar year of travel and tourism in South East Asia since the pandemic is almost complete. And what a dramatic 12 months it has been. To take stock, Gary and Hannah have created a list of the Top 10 travel and tourism talking points in South East Asia and beyond in 2023. Our review of the year journeys from Indonesia to China, via Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines. En route, we discuss the region's first high-speed railway, the return of visa waivers and a ban on short-term rentals. We assess why three island destinations in the region are struggling to recover and the shifting travel payments landscape. Plus, we tap into music tourism and a boost for hotel bookings by the Time Person of the Year, and Malaysia's late-year statistical surprise. | |||
| Reflections on a Hectic Year of Travel in South East Asia and Beyond, with Vincent Vichit-Vadakan | 30 nov. 2023 | 00:35:42 | |
Just back from Jakarta and Hanoi, respectively, Gary and Hannah can confirm that South East Asian airports are getting busier as the end-of-year travel season nears. So, it's the perfect time to revisit some key tourism themes in 2023 with Bangkok-based travel journalist Vincent Vichit-Vadakan. Vincent was last on the show in April 2022, when the regional outlook was very different. This year, he has travelled on assignment to over 25 destinations including Singapore and Vietnam on various occasions, plus China, Nepal and Maldives. We discuss the current tourism landscape in Thailand, and the explosive international growth of a Bangkok-based hotel brand. We tackle infrastructure challenges for tourism in Vietnam, talk sustainable hotel development in Singapore, discover outdoor experiences along the Tea Horse Trail in China's Yunnan Province and explore Kyoto as tourism returns to Japan. Plus, which airports in South East Asia are operating more effectively than others? And why is Soft Power set to be a tourism battleground in 2024? | |||
| The Top 8 Statistical Talking Points in Travel & Tourism in South East Asia | 23 nov. 2023 | 00:34:21 | |
From 9 to 4 trillion. South East Asia its awash with travel stats. Figures and percentages garner extra importance as we near the year end, and the travel industry plans ahead for 2024. This week, Gary and Hannah go behind the scenes of statistical storytelling, and uncover some fascinating travel and tourism talking points. En route, we travel to Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam via Singapore, the Philippines, China and Japan. Key issues discussed from a statistical perspective include the current state of ASEAN's aviation recovery and the tapering of domestic travel in certain markets. Plus, how high is the potential value of 'Soft Power Tourism' in Thailand? and how much is being invested in non-casino attractions in Singapore and Macau? And which 4 South East Asian nations are among Japan's Top 10 inbound markets in 2023, and in which country are 9 new airlines readying for take-off? | |||
| The Top 8 Under-the-Radar Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia | 09 nov. 2023 | 00:26:36 | |
Could Brunei become a regional aviation hub connecting China and South East Asia? And how might AI, humanoid simulants and an apocalyptic sci-fi landscape boost movie tourism in Thailand? This week, Gary and Hannah have created a list of 8 travel developments that may not make major headlines, but are still highly interesting. These tourism talking points that snuck under the radar take us from Singapore to Brunei, Indonesia to China and Thailand to Japan. En route, we discuss a start-up airline that plans to fly Chinese-made passenger jets, the story of a shattered glass tourism bridge in Indonesia and a proposed tourism theme park on the border between Thailand, Laos and China. Plus we tackle a new tourism and trade agreement between Japan and the Philippines, and address the aviation and arrivals slowdown in Singapore. Is this a barometer for the rest of South East Asia? | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in October 2023 | 02 nov. 2023 | 00:33:13 | |
So, we are on the final stretch for 2023 - with 10 months down, 2 to go. While this historically marks a busy part of the calendar for travel in South East Asia, it’s also a time when jitters start setting in for the new year ahead. So where are we at? This week, Gary and Hannah discuss October’s Top 8 travel talking points, which take us from Thailand to Indonesia, Malaysia to Vietnam and Cambodia to the Philippines. En route, we discuss the latest arrivals figures and an interesting UNWTO tourism measurement pilot programme in the Philippines. Two regional airlines collapsed in October and another is preparing to list on the Nasdaq. Meanwhile, are slumping currencies starting to impact tourism activity? Plus, Indonesia launched WHOOSH, South East Asia's first high-speed railway, and Cambodia inaugurated a new international airport. Finally, what do the “Two Countries, One Destination” and “Three Countries, One Destination” taglines refer to - and to whom do they matter more, politicians or travellers? . | |||
| AI, OTAs, Payments & Ancillary Revenues for Independent Hotels, with Vikram Malhi, Zuzu Hospitality | 12 oct. 2023 | 00:33:12 | |
"AI will fundamentally change the way people travel, the way OTAs work and how hotels have to adapt. We are still in the very early stages." Golden Week is behind us, and travel players are looking ahead to hotel bookings, rates and revenues for the end-of-year tourism season and Lunar New Year. So it’s a great time for Gary and Hannah to welcome Vikram Malhi, Founder and CEO of Singapore-based Zuzu Hospitality to the show. Vikram worked for leading OTAs before setting up his own company, which supports independent hotels to manage all aspects related to payments, revenues and online distribution. We discuss the hotel sector rebound in key markets like Bangkok, Phuket, Jakarta and Bali. And, we assess the outlook for Chinese tourism into South East Asia, and the impressive expansion of India's outbound market. Plus, we tackle the next phase of development of AI solutions for OTAs and hotels, and the ongoing resource challenges across the hospitality industry. Finally, as we move towards wrapping up 2023, what might be some of the key industry trends in 2024? | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in September 2023 | 03 oct. 2023 | 00:32:12 | |
3. 23. 150,000. 17.9 million. 34 million. 80%. Numbers and statistics carry extra weight in South East Asia as we enter the fourth quarter, which is peak travel season in many countries and arrivals counting gets highly competitive. So what do those numbers relate to? This week, Gary and Hannah analyse the 8 top talking points from September - and the meaning of each figure is revealed during the show. The monthly round up takes us from Singapore to the Philippines via Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand and Indonesia. En route, we discuss proposed new airports, an upbeat destination marketing video, the timeline for a new tourism tax and a flag carrier's catering woes. Plus, we discuss movies in China that have caused fears about scams and fraud in South East Asia and new inscriptions on the UNESCO World Heritage list. | |||
| Reflections on the Hotel Sector Recovery in South East Asia in 2023, with Jesper Palmqvist, STR | 29 sept. 2023 | 00:34:56 | |
"The rates are not likely to drop from here." South East Asian hotel economics are changing since countries reopened - or are they? This week, Gary and Hannah discuss the outlook for the hotel sector in South East Asia and Asia Pacific with Jesper Palmqvist, Senior Director, Asia Pacific, at STR CoStar. We discuss the different drivers shaping room rates, occupancies and RevPar, as well as costs, productivity and profits, in cities and coastal areas across the region. Is business travel demand recovering? Will we see an expansion of 'Compression Nights"? Are pre-pandemic seasonality factors still relevant for hotels, or are new factors in play? How is the strength of domestic travel impacting hotel operator bottom lines? Is the gradual return of Chinese group travel likely to impact rates and occupancies in hotspot markets? What are the developmental challenges in second- and third-tier cities? Are sustainability data points playing a stronger role in hotel transactions? And, as governments scale up transport infrastructure investment, what will be the hotel pipeline trends to watch in 2024? | |||
| Behind the Scenes of Australia’s Tourism Transformation Plan, with Samantha Palmer, AusTrade | 05 sept. 2023 | 00:35:25 | |
Australia counts one of Asia Pacific's most fascinating visitor economies. It combines vibrant inbound, outbound and domestic leisure and business travel segments with large international education, VFR and working holiday components. One in 7 businesses in Australia is related to tourism. So, how is Australia recovering from Covid-19, and how is it planning ahead for the rest of the decade, and beyond? This week, Gary and Hannah welcome Samantha Palmer, General Manager of Visitor Economy and Client Programs, at the Australian Trade & Investment Commission (AusTrade), to discuss the Thrive 2030 tourism strategy. Sam talks about the International Diversification Strategy for the Visitor Economy, which sets new benchmarks and targets for Australia's 15 key inbound markets and fast-growing emerging markets. We also discuss the importance of travellers from China and South East Asia, and the unfolding opportunities and challenge in this complex new travel era. Plus, Sam outlines the high degree of detailed research and industry collaboration underpinning Australia's goal of achieving a full visitor economy recovery by 2025 - and building new resilience for the future.
detail with Sam on today’s show | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in August 2023 | 28 août 2023 | 00:32:12 | |
From 4.4 million to 15.4 million. Thailand is way out in front in South East Asia for year-to-date visitors in 2023 vs 2022. Two-thirds through 2023, Gary and Hannah look back to compare the progress for visitor arrivals in 7 ASEAN nations. We also discuss 8 other key talking points from August, as the summer holiday season subsides and the region prepares for the Chinese Golden Week in October. En route, we discuss new developments in ASEAN's cross-border payments programme, and assess the outlook in Thailand as a new Prime Minister vows to prioritise tourism. We question why visa challenges still endure in some countries long after the region reopened for travel. Plus, will Japan's new LCC create more travel to or from Thailand when it launches its first route to Bangkok in early 2024? Finally, we ask how Bhutan's halving of its Sustainable Development Fee for visitors could impact tourism pricing in South East Asia. Is there a breakpoint whereby tourists say "No, we are not prepared to pay that" for sustainable travel experiences? | |||
| Celebrating South East Asian Cuisines & Food Cultures with the Kita Food Festival | 25 août 2023 | 00:32:43 | |
"This is a South East Asian festival. It will be a mouthpiece for us to develop the vocabulary that surrounds South East Asian cooking, food culture and, moving forward, South East Asian restaurants." This week, Gary is joined by Leisa Tyler and Darren Teoh, co-founders of the Kita Food Festival - which this year celebrates its third anniversary in Malaysia and Singapore. Leisa is a Malaysia-based food and travel journalist and founder of Weeds&More, which supplies heirloom produce to hotels and restaurants. Darren is Head Chef of one-Michelin starred Dewakan restaurant in Kuala Lumpur. The festival takes place in four destinations, Kuching, Penang, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, from 27 September-30 October. It brings together innovative chefs in each city with counterparts from around the region. It also provides a platform to discuss key issues, such as biodiversity, carbon impact, food security and managing waste. Leisa and Darren discuss the highlights of this year's festival, plans for future expansion and nurturing the next generation of chefs in the region. Plus, we tackle key hospitality issues, such as ingredient sourcing, innovation and the growing Michelin star influence on food tourism and dining in Asia. Is it a help or a hindrance to developing sustainable culinary scenes representing place and culture?
| |||
| Pop Music Tourism in the Spotlight as Taylor Swift & Blackpink Fever Grips South East Asia | 18 août 2023 | 00:31:21 | |
South East Asia is abuzz with talk of Tourism Taylornomics as Singapore prepares for the billion-dollar Eras Tour to arrive. Coldplay are also headed to the region, Blackpink are filling soccer stadiums and fans await news of Beyonce's 2024 tour destinations. Pop Music Tourism is the region's breakout story of 2023. The economic windfall for airlines, hotels and tours and experiences players is enormous - as is the boost for destination branding. After Blackpink's recent Hanoi shows, a city official sent the band a letter to thank them for enhancing the capital's image "as a peaceful, safe and friendly destination". Meanwhile, The Weeknd is producing a Halloween-themed musical show in Singapore, and scores of K-pop bands are escaping the shadow of BTS to draw large crowds. Plus, we discuss a jazz festival in Jakarta (with stages sponsored by a hotel group and a tourism board), performances by Indian stars in KL - and the social media fallout when things go wrong, as recently happened with The 1975's festival performance in Malaysia. And we take a quick tour to North East Asia, where festivals in Japan, China, South Korea and Taiwan are drawing huge crowds of concertgoers from home and abroad. | |||
| The Top 8 Travel & Tourism Talking Points in South East Asia in July 2023 | 01 août 2023 | 00:32:33 | |
July, the seventh month of 2023, proved another busy period along South East Asia’s road to a travel and tourism recovery. This week, Hannah and Gary chat through the Top 8 travel talking points in July. The journey unwinds from Thailand to Singapore, Bali to Kuala Lumpur, Japan to Cambodia and China to Saudi Arabia. We discuss the half-year arrivals in each country, the Top 10 airlines in the region and the three nations comprising almost two-thirds of South East Asia's total airline capacity. We look at the variance on the new Henley Passport Index, which revealed a large spectrum from Singapore (ranked #1 worldwide) and Myanmar (#90). Plus, what's the travel outlook for China's October Golden Week? Should all countries develop a 'Saudi Arabia Strategy' for inbound and outbound travel? And what factors are shaping Thailand's 'Tourism Deficit' with Japan? | |||