The Science of Performance with Dan Feeney – Details, episodes & analysis

Season 2/Episode 1: What can you do to stay resilient and how can shoes improve performance with Jay Dicharry – Physical Therapist, Oregon State University-Cascades, MOBO, Founder, author of Running Rewired

Kinematics and Kinetics of Gait: From Lab to Clinic – We can measure things very precisely in the laboratory from the forces in 3 dimensions at 2kHz to the kinematics at 200 Hz. How has he translated this to the clinic and working with athletes when you do not have all of these tools? Does he find this scary or challenging to make some of the assumptions to make changes?

Alternative upper configurations – joint publication where we found different footwear uppers can significantly alter the performance (part 1) and the biomechanics (part 2) for athletes doing agility movements. 5 movements (single leg landings, triangle, AP, CMJ, skater). Faster on/off, greater rate of force development during propulsion, more efficient movements. Where could that efficiency come from? How is this related to the efficiency he sees in the clinic in coaching athletes?

Running Rewired

MoBo Board

Jay’s Website

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Jesse Frank did his masters & undergrad at CU Boulder with Roger Kram where he did a variety of projects from trying to build a mobile, gravity reducing cart, to studying how various bike seats affect cycling comfort, and was a coauthor on the Nike 4% study. Over the previous 5 years, Jesse worked at Specialized where he had experience in the wind tunnel, studying how different bike fits could impact athlete performance.  Jesse is also a 2:29 marathoner, triathlete, and - fun fact - officiated my wedding. 

Footwear comfort and injury rates 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11689747/  

Carbon plate and 1% running improvement 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16540846/ 

Meta analysis of bike fits and injury rate/comfort 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30556469/  

Triangle test:  

https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/doi/10.1093/chemse/bjac003/6543876

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Keely – Recent winner of Black Canyon 100k, Freetrail Lead of Performance Coaching Team, plan to be a Medical Doctor, former biomechanics researcher and current nutrition researcher. 

Kate – PhD movement science at VCU, D1 runner and All American at West Virginia, 2nd NCAA 10K. Grew up playing all sorts of sports, always interested in performance. Published 23 articles or abstracts on the biomechanics of movement. Manger of biomechanics at BOA 

· Comparison of Frontal and Transverse Plane Kinematics Related to Knee Injury in Novice Versus Experienced Female Runners o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33690166/ 

· Running readiness scale as an assessment of kinematics related to knee injury female novice runners. o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34793590/ 

· Energetics of vertical kilometer foot races; Is steeper cheaper? o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26607247/ 

· Considerations for ultra-endurance activities: part 1- nutrition. 

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Welcome James, Spragg. James is a coach at intercept performance consultancy. James is also finishing his PhD univ of capetown in exercise physiology where he studied the mechanisms responsible for deterioration in performance during grand tour cycling stage races. James also coaches a number of sky runners and ski mountaineers. Our conversation will cover a variety of performance topics surrounding coaching and physiology. 

· Predictors of cycling performance success: Traditional approaches and a novel method to assess performance capacity in U23 road cyclists o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36513568/ 

· Predicting Trail Running Performance With Laboratory Exercise Tests and Field Based Results o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29952678/ 

· “The relationship between physiological characteristics and durability in male pro cyclists.’ o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35977108/ 

· Viewpoint Using VO2 max as a marker of training status o https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.00723.2021

· Plyometrics and running economy o https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-30798-3 

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Dave Dombrow and Kevin Fallon are co-founders of Speedland and have created some of the most innovative shoes on the market. This company refuses to cut corners and design products with performance first in mind. They also both have a fascinating background working for Nike, Under Armor, and Puma. 

These guys have both appeared on numerous podcasts and my goal here is to interview them in a slightly different way. I want to understand the nitty-gritty of how they have used (or not used) science to develop footwear previously and now.

· Kevin’s article on footwear development o https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/where-magic-happens-kevin-fallon/ 

· Video of strobel lasting o https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/where-magic-happens-kevin-fallon/ 

· Video of tooling injection midsoles o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvgVQtWh0KI 

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Eric Honert – PhD Vanderbilt University studying Ankle & Foot biomechanics, Post-Doctoral fellowship with Benno Nigg at Univ of Calgary. D1 Tennis Player, Manager biomechanics BOA 

Emily Matijevich – PhD Vanderbilt University Evaluation and Design of Non-Invasive, Wearable Musculoskeletal Monitoring Tools for Research, Occupational and Sport Applications, post doc Benno Nigg, currently Director of Biometrics and Applied Research at Orpyx SI sensory insoles 

Running shoes and running injuries: mythbusting and a proposal for two new paradigms: ‘preferred movement path’ and ‘comfort filter’. o https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/49/20/1290 

- A foot and footwear mechanical power theoretical framework: Towards understanding energy storage and return in running footwear o https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021929022002603 

- Ankle and foot power in gait analysis: Implications for science, technology and clinical assessment o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29724536/ 

- Ground reaction force metrics are not strongly correlated with tibial bone load when running across speeds and slopes: Implications for science, sport and wearable tech o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30653510/ 

- Combining wearable sensor signals, machine learning and biomechanics to estimate tibial bone force and damage during running o https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167945720305546 

- Towards a biomechanical understanding of performance improvement with advanced running shoes o https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19424280.2022.2127543 

- Shoe feature recommendations for different running levels: A Delphi study 

o https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7365446/ 

- A promising wearable solution for the practical and accurate monitoring of low back loading in manual material handling o https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/2/340 

- Estimating Running Ground Reaction Forces from Plantar Pressure during Graded Running o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35591027/

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Intro: Wouter was the lead author on the landmark article behind the Nike 4% shoe. Also has published theoretical reviews of how a sub 2 hour marathon would be possible and tries to understand which aspects of footwear lead to improved performance. He is also a great runner with some incredible range… Wouter ran a 48.69 400 m and 1:52 800 m in 2007 and has run 2:30 in the marathon and a 5:58 50 miler in Massachusetts in 2021 and 2022, respectively. 

- A comparison of the energetic cost of running in marathon o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29143929/ 

- Altered running economy directly translates to altered distance-running performance o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27327023/ 

- Energetics and biomechanics of running footwear with increased longitudinal bending stiffness: A narrative review o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33830444/ 

- Longitudinal bending stiffness does not affect running economy in Nike Vaporfly shoes o https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254621000739 

- Applying the cost of generating force hypothesis to uphill running o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25083347/

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Doctor of Physical Therapy for 10+ years

Aspects of the shoes he tests:

Insoles – can increase perception of comfort, plantar pressures change

Impact testing to compliment human-based footwear testing

Traction testing – how do you test? Is it indicative of real world where humans move in variable ways. Slipping vs. Sticking

Do Pro Athletes need custom shoes 

Heeluxe’s biggest failures 

P3 Biomechanics

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Episode 3: How do your biomechanics affect your performance and injury risk? With Allison Gruber – Associate Professor University of Indiana. PhD UMass Amherst and Masters East Carolina. Has worked deeply on the entire spectrum of running mechanics. from the mechanics and energetics of footfall patterns in running

Impact causes injury hypothesis – 

Claire Milner impact shock in running

Real world vs. in-lab biomechanics 

Wearable technology to explain running injury 

Footstrike patterns and race performance in 2017 world champs 10k 

Rearfoot vs forefoot economy and cho oxidation  

Isolated effects of footwear structure and cushioning on running mechanics in habitual mid/forefoot runners 

 Shock absorption 

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