Join us as we explore a transformative journey through the protests surrounding the Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Chicago. This firsthand account guides us through the emotional highs and lows of modern activism, from initial ignorance about the Palestinian cause to the solidarity and danger faced on the streets. Hear about the diverse range of organizations banding together, the historical echoes of 1968, and the meticulous preparations to safeguard against police violence.

Our deep dive doesn't stop there. We also reflect on the recent pro-choice protest in Chicago, highlighting the intersection of grassroots movements and media dynamics. Discover the intricate balance between protesters' efforts and media portrayal, the overwhelming pro-Palestinian sentiment, and the pivotal role of legal observers. The physical demands and profound sense of solidarity among various activist groups are brought to light, underscoring the vital role of collective action in political discourse.

In a candid conversation with a healthcare worker advocating for Palestinian rights, we uncover the harsh realities of police brutality and the tactical measures taken by protesters to protect themselves. From navigating police presence to the unity within leftist groups, these insights offer a comprehensive look at protest strategies and the philosophies driving the movement. A local official weighs in on the importance of grassroots involvement and the urgent need for unity within the US left to achieve meaningful change. Get ready for a narrative that not only informs but also inspires action.

 

For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Key Words:

Road Trip, Podcast, 2020 Election, COVID-19, U.S. Political Landscape, Trump, Biden, Democratic Party, USAID, Israel, Labor Rights, LGBTQIA+ Rights, Police Accountability, Campus Tensions, Palestinian Cause, State Violence, Police Reform, Chicago Police Department, Political Unrest, Activism, Collective Action, First Amendment Rights, Kamala Harris, Cook County State's Attorney, State Violence, Police Accountability, Oath Keepers, 1968 Democratic National Convention, Progressive Factions, Political Awareness, Activism Movement, Mass Movement, Justice, Hollow Slogans, Empty Promises

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In this compelling episode of The Port Proles Almanac, we delve into the intricate dynamics of political activism surrounding the upcoming Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Chicago. From the grassroots struggles of the Coalition to March on the DNC to the bureaucratic hurdles in securing protest permits, we unpack the multifaceted challenges activists face. Featuring an insightful conversation with Faayani, spokesperson for the coalition, and member of the Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression, we explore the group's intersectional advocacy, including labor rights, LGBTQIA+ rights, and police accountability.

We also draw historical parallels to the tumultuous 1968 DNC, reflecting on the cyclical nature of political unrest and the enduring fight for justice. This episode examines the broader themes of state violence and police accountability, highlighting recent controversies involving the Chicago Police Department and the distribution of federal funds and how these help us understand the context of the convention.

Listeners are urged to engage in the ongoing struggle for justice, challenge the status quo, and recognize collective action's impact in shaping our political future. Join us as we navigate the maze of political activism and explore the historical context and potential of the upcoming DNC protests in Chicago and how this event allows us to identify a new vector to push for a ceasefire and autonomy for the people of Palestine.

The Chicago Alliance Against Racist & Political Repression's website for more on the upcoming protest of the convention & Democratic support for the genocide in Palestine:

https://www.caarpr.org/

 

For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Key Words:

Road Trip, Podcast, 2020 Election, COVID-19, U.S. Political Landscape, Trump, Biden, Democratic Party, USAID, Israel, Labor Rights, LGBTQIA+ Rights, Police Accountability, Campus Tensions, Palestinian Cause, State Violence, Police Reform, Chicago Police Department, Political Unrest, Activism, Collective Action, First Amendment Rights, Kamala Harris, Cook County State's Attorney, State Violence, Police Accountability, Oath Keepers, 1968 Democratic National Convention, Progressive Factions, Political Awareness, Activism Movement, Mass Movement, Justice, Hollow Slogans, Empty Promises

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The Vietnam War gave birth to a new generation of veterans, ones who came back from war feeling abandoned by their government and by their fellow civilians. Unlike prior wars, the enemies were largely non-white and the terrain of war was entirely different. Guerrilla war and traps created the conditions of dehumanization that bled racism into anti-communism. Upon returning home, many found themselves disgusted by the United States government and found the country they returned to much different than the country they had left, as progressive policies had taken hold through the late years of the 60s and early 70s. We highlighted this with the rise of the Back to the Land movement, and how the countercultural revolution fed into new visions of the future.

Many point to the startling rise in white supremacy in the late 20th century to the aftermath of the Vietnam War. As narrated by white power proponents, the Vietnam War was a story of constant danger, gore, and horror. It was also a story of soldiers’ betrayal by military and political leaders and of the trivialization of their sacrifice. This narrative increased paramilitarism and separationism through homesteading and communes within the movement. In his speeches, newsletters, and influential 1983 collection Essays of a Klansman, movement leader Louis Beam urged activists to continue fighting the Vietnam War on American soil. When he told readers to “bring it on home,” he meant a literal extension of military-style combat into civilian space. He referred to two wars: the one he had fought in Vietnam and the white revolution he hoped to wage in the United States.

In this episode, we explore how the politics of the 1960s and 70s drove the homesteader movement and shifted the focus of growing food as a means of resistance and purity. How did this movement shape homesteading, and how prominent was it?

To read about this movement further, check out the following substack for sources and further details:

https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/homesteading-and-white-supremacy

This episode is sponsored by: Eric Toensmeier at https://www.perennialsolutions.org/

Check out his upcoming class!

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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In this episode, we're joined by Kathleen Draper, the Board Chair of the International Biochar Initiative. We chat about the past 3 decades of biochar research, its limitations, and its potential. While biochar gets most of its attention around building soil, it has a number of other potential uses which should be getting just as much attention as its role in some soils. Tune in to learn about some of the many research projects going on across the globe around biochar!

 

Kathleen Draper is the co-author of BURN: Using Fire to Cool the Earth & is the Board Chair of International Biochar Initiative

Learn more about IBI, IBI Membership, and read IBI’s monthly newsletter.

IBI offers a Biochar Certification Program to help producers prove the high value of their biochar products.

Access training with IBI’s online Biochar Training Program, a 19-part video training series designed to teach the how-to of biochar production and use, how to commercialize products through the study of biochar production technologies, biochar standards and classification. 

Follow IBI on LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook and see their library of videos on YouTube.

 

 

Support this podcast by visiting www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac or sign up for our newsletter at www.poorproles.com 

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" centers on biochar, a soil amendment with purported benefits but also potential risks. Hosts Elliot and Andy, along with guest host Matt, discuss what biochar is, how it differs from charcoal, its potential applications, and the complexities of using it effectively.

What is Biochar and How is it Made?

• Biochar is a type of charcoal produced by heating biomass in the absence of oxygen to high temperatures (600-950°F). This process, known as pyrolysis, breaks the bonds in the biomass and creates a porous material with a high surface area.
• While regular charcoal is produced at lower temperatures, biochar's higher production temperature results in greater purity and a reduction of hydrocarbons.
• This high-temperature pyrolysis creates unique "chemisorption" properties in biochar, allowing it to attract and hold substances on its surface at a molecular level.
• Biochar can be made using a variety of methods, ranging from simple DIY setups using metal containers in a wood stove to more sophisticated designs like the Annela stove, which utilizes a secondary burn of the off-gases to reach higher temperatures.

Biochar as a Soil Amendment: Benefits and Challenges

• Biochar is commonly touted as a soil amendment that raises pH, acts as a carbon sink, and improves soil health.
• One of its key benefits is its ability to increase water retention, particularly in sandy soils, which are known for poor water retention. Studies have shown that biochar can increase water retention by up to 20% in sandy soils.
• Biochar's "chemisorption" properties enable it to absorb and hold nutrients, potentially improving soil fertility. However, freshly produced biochar has a low cation exchange capacity (CEC), which limits its ability to immediately release those nutrients to plants.
• The CEC of biochar increases over time through oxidation in the soil. This means that the benefits of biochar are not always immediate and can vary depending on factors like the soil type and the biochar's feedstock (the material it's made from).

The Complicated Nature of Biochar: A "Yes and No" Story

• Throughout the episode, the hosts emphasize the complexity of biochar and the lack of definitive answers regarding its use. They often use the phrase "yes and no" to highlight this uncertainty.
• While biochar can be beneficial, there are also instances where it has had negative effects on soil health. For example, the pH change caused by biochar can suppress beneficial microbial communities, and freshly produced biochar can temporarily absorb nutrients, leading to deficiencies.
• Some studies have shown that biochar's benefits may only last a few years, and in some cases, it has even suppressed plant growth. There are also concerns about biochar potentially accumulating pollutants and heavy metals, drawing them closer to plant roots.
• In some cases, the effects of biochar have been negligible, with no observable changes in soil health or plant growth.
• The hosts underscore that more research is needed to fully understand biochar's interactions with soil and its long-term effects.

Charging Biochar and Practical Considerations

• The hosts discuss the concept of "charging" biochar to enhance its nutrient content. Soaking biochar in nutrient-rich liquids like urine, compost tea, or fish emulsion can increase its CEC and nutrient availability.
• The episode also touches on the importance of choosing the right feedstock for biochar based on the intended use and location. Hardwood biochar is generally considered better for forest soils, while corn stover or similar materials might be more suitable for pastures or prairies.
• While there are no hard and fast rules for biochar application rates, a general guideline is around 20 pounds per acre, incorporated into the soil at a depth of 5-10 inches.

Conclusion: Proceed with Caution and Observation

The episode concludes by emphasizing the need for caution and careful observation when using biochar. It's not a magic fix for all soil problems, and in some cases, it may even be detrimental. However, biochar holds potential for improving soil health, particularly in certain contexts like sandy soils and areas with low pH. The hosts encourage listeners to experiment with biochar, but to do so responsibly and with an awareness of its complexities.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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Note: We discuss a fermented tea from poison ivy-- the french word 'ortie', is actually stinging nettle tea. Ferns are also common for a fermented soil amendment in the region. Thanks to Edible Earth for the translation help!

Join us as we embark on an enlightening journey with Éric Texier of Brézème Vineyards in south-central France. Éric's path from the nuclear industry to the world of winemaking is nothing short of inspiring. We explore his early influences, including the philosophy of Masanobu Fukuoka, and how he embraced traditional farming methods that honor the land's natural processes. Through Éric's reflections, we gain insight into the profound cultural and generational connections he formed with older, traditional farmers, and the remarkable impact of wild yeast fermentation on his wines.

As climate change reshapes the landscape, vineyard techniques must evolve. We discuss how ethical considerations initially drove the shift away from harmful herbicides and pesticides towards sustainable practices. However, as the Northern Rhone region faced increasing challenges from climate change, traditional methods had to be adapted. Listen in as we explore the transition to cover cropping and the careful selection of suitable plants for different soil types, with a focus on how these practices support both the environment and the vineyard's resilience.

Finally, we celebrate the dynamic energy of a new generation of farmers in Ardèche, who are revitalizing traditional farming and winemaking methods with a forward-thinking approach. Their enthusiasm for sustainable practices and drought-resistant varietals offers hope for the future. We also touch on the joy of experiencing wine in various contexts, whether through the intellectual appreciation of terroir-driven wines or the simple pleasure of social, convivial drinking. This episode encapsulates the unique journey of wine from vineyard to glass, reflecting the passion and care involved in every bottle.

Brézème is available for purchase across the globe, and you can learn more about their wine process at: https://www.eric-texier.com/

Eric can be found occasionally posting about the vineyards on Instagram @Brezame

For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Natural Winemaking, Eric Texier, Brezame Vineyards, South-central France, Masanobu Fukuoka, Traditional Farming, Elder Farmers, Wild Yeast Fermentation, Climate Change Adaptation, Northern Rhone Region, Sustainable Practices, Cover Cropping, Vineyard Resilience, Ethical Farming, Drought-resistant Varietals, Ardèche, Young Farmers, Revitalizing Traditional Methods, Modern Sensibilities, Terroir-driven Wines, Intellectual Pursuit, Casual Drinking, Carbonic Maceration, Wine Storage, Wine Culture

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We're back for season 3!

This episode of the Poor Proles Almanac podcast focuses on Masanobu Fukuoka and his "do-nothing" farming method. Matt, a guest host, guides listeners through Fukuoka's life and philosophy, emphasizing the interconnectedness of natural systems and the importance of minimizing human intervention in agriculture.

Fukuoka's Early Life and Revelation:

• Masanobu Fukuoka was born in 1913 in Japan, the son of a citrus farmer.
• He studied microbiology and agricultural science, even working as an agricultural customs inspector.
• Despite his scientific background, Fukuoka experienced a turning point during a bout of pneumonia at age 21.
• This illness led to an existential crisis, culminating in a profound experience where he felt he "understood nothing."
• This realization, sparked by the sight of a heron and the feeling of his doubts being swept away, marked a shift in Fukuoka's perspective.

From Abandonment to "Do-Nothing" Farming:

• Initially, Fukuoka tried to apply his newfound understanding through complete abandonment of his father's orchard, leading to disastrous results.
• He recognized that true natural farming wasn't simply neglect, but rather a nuanced approach requiring observation and adaptation.
• This experience led him to develop the concept of "do-nothing" farming, which emphasizes minimal intervention and working in harmony with nature.
• It's important to note that "do-nothing" is a somewhat misleading name, as the method still involves work, but significantly less than conventional methods.

Seed Balls and Principles of Natural Farming:

• One of the distinctive practices of Fukuoka's method is the use of seed balls, a mixture of clay, compost, and seeds.
• These seed balls, inspired by animal droppings, protect the seeds and allow them to germinate in suitable locations.
• Fukuoka's method is guided by four key principles: no cultivation, no chemical fertilizers, no weeding by tillage or herbicides, and no dependence on chemicals.
• These principles underscore the idea of allowing nature to take its course, fostering a balanced ecosystem within the farm.

The Importance of Context and Fukuoka's Legacy:

• Fukuoka stressed that his methods were developed for his specific environment in southern Japan.
• However, he also emphasized the importance of understanding local contexts and adapting methods accordingly.
• While his techniques might not be directly transferable, his philosophy of observation, humility, and working with nature holds broader relevance.
• Fukuoka's work received international recognition, highlighting the growing interest in sustainable and ecological approaches to agriculture.

The episode concludes by emphasizing the connection between Fukuoka's methods and broader themes of agroecology and sustainable living, highlighting the need to consider the social and philosophical dimensions of food production. The hosts also encourage listeners to reflect on their own relationship with the environment and the food they consume.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

 

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We're joined by two activists working to defend the Atlanta Forest during an attempt to tear down the forest in order to build both a mock city for police to develop urban trainings, which would train police nationally. We talk about what different tactics have been successful and what tactics people should be bringing to defense projects where they live.

 

The intro to this podcast comes from the Defend the Atlanta Forest website

Learn more about the movement: 

https://defendtheatlantaforest.org

 

Learn more about the contractors hired to destroy the forest and build Cop City and Hollywood Dystopia: 

https://stopreevesyoung.com

 

Anonymous communiques from forest defenders:

https://scenes.noblogs.org

 

An article exploring the meanings of this movement and the projects its fighting against:

https://www.e-flux.com/architecture/horizons/493130/stop-the-metaverse-save-the-real-world/

 

A recent Rolling Stone article on the movement:

https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/defend-atlanta-forest-copy-city-climate-change-defund-the-police-1397188/

 

 

Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

 

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We're joined by Mikey & Keoni from the O'ahu Water Protectors to discuss the recent history of Red Hill & the destruction of Hawaii's largest aquifer and primary source of fresh water for the residents of the island. How did we get to the point that the most important source for life, fresh water, is becoming less and less accessible? Further, how has this pushed people into activism and begun to change narratives in the community about the role of activism? We don't just dive into these questions but we also look at the recent successes caused by direct action, and the lessons learned from this process.

 

To support the O'ahu Water Protectors, visit: https://oahuwaterprotectors.org/

They can also be found on social media at @Oahuwaterprotectors

Shut Down Red Hill Mutual Aid social medias: @SDRHMutualAid

Venmo: @ShutDownRedHillMutualAid

 

Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

 

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In this episode, we're joined by Dr. Ryan Shmid & Katya Busenitz from the Ecdysis Foundation to discuss the impacts of grazing on both native and non-native insects. How can regenerative grazing improve honey production while also helping increase native diversity?

 

To learn more about the Ecdysis Foundation, visit www.ecdysis.bio

 

Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

 

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In this episode, we're joined by researcher Tommy Fenster to discuss how we can transition California Almond farms for future climates. What potential is there to keep nut crops in these regions in California, and what does that look like?

 

You can check out Tommy's work at Ecdysis.bio and he can be found on Twitter @TomDF1

 

 
Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac
 

 

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In this episode, we're joined by Chloe & Max from Liberation Tools to discuss the question of heirloom tools and designing tools to meet the needs of marginalized and non-traditional farmers.  The modern era's model of disposable tools is inherently unsustainable & exists as a blip in the history of human existence. Relearning the processes of developing tools and developing networks for resources around tool development.
Liberation Tools is a subsect of Soul & Soil Project based in the unceded Tsalagi (aka Cherokee) territory of Western North Carolina. Find out more about their work at: https://www.soulandsoilproject.org/ . We seek to support racial justice and food sovereignty through the free distribution of high quality, hand forged garden tools to BIPOC who grow food or want to start.
 
Liberation Tools can also be found on Instagram @liberation_tools & their tools can be bought at: https://www.artgardenavl.com/
 
Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac
 

 

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We're joined by Chris from Kentucky Heartwood to discuss protecting old-growth forests and unique ecosystems that are home to rare and endangered species from clearcutting by the forestry service. Your first thought might be, "Why is the forestry service clearcutting public lands?" We chat about this, and how their solutions fall short. 

​Kentucky Heartwood was formed in 1992 by people concerned about logging, mining, and off-road vehicles on the Daniel Boone National Forest (DBNF). We advocate for the greatest protections of Kentucky’s public lands, with the twin values of protecting and restoring ecological integrity and a reverence and respect for wild nature as our guiding principles. Through public education, outreach, forest monitoring, and the suite of administrative and legal avenues of public participation and recourse, Kentucky Heartwood continues our tradition of effective advocacy.

 

You can learn more about Kentucky Heartwood at KYheartwood.com & at @KentuckyHeartwood on Instagram

 

Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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The counterculture movement of the 1960s and 70s is well-known, and its trappings of communes that were woefully prepared for the work required to survive has been made fodder for more than one trope from this era. We’ll explore this well-worn narrative, but to do so, we need to frame up where the Back-to-the-Land movement originated to understand how it became what is so well known.

As we explore the Back to the Land movement, we'll see how the overlaps of right-wing fascism and the socialist movement engage with one another, especially as homesteaders become disillusioned with their attempts to exit from capitalist society.

 

This episode is sponsored by: Eric Toensmeier at https://www.perennialsolutions.org/

Check out his class coming up soon!

 

To read about the movement further, check out the following substack for sources and further details:

https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-back-to-the-land-movement

 

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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Have you ever considered that a forgotten plant could hold the key to sustainable agriculture and enhanced nutrition? Today, we take you on a journey through time to rediscover the American groundnut, a plant that was a lifeline for indigenous communities and even supported the Pilgrims in 1620. We honor Dr. Bill Blackman, whose pioneering work at Louisiana State University in the 1980s aimed to revive and improve this incredible plant. Despite the program's abrupt end, Dr. Blackman's continued dedication into his 90s keeps the dream alive for the groundnut's resurgence.

What are the barriers and breakthroughs in transforming a historical staple into a modern agricultural marvel? We'll explore the trials and triumphs of cultivating American groundnuts on a large scale, from breeding challenges and mechanical farming difficulties to the promising yields and rich nutritional benefits. The episode delves into innovative efforts to develop herbicide systems and non-viney varieties, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to fully harness the plant's potential. Reflecting on the historical use of groundnuts, we consider its role in future farming practices and its remarkable anticancer properties.

Join us as we question long-held scientific beliefs and celebrate the enduring curiosity that drives agricultural innovation. From comparisons to the introduction of potatoes in Ireland to personal experiences in cultivating LSU groundnuts, this episode is a testament to the passion and perseverance of those dedicated to this unique crop. We share heartfelt stories of growing interest and community involvement, culminating in a hopeful vision for the future of American groundnuts. Don't miss this inspiring exploration of an ancient plant with the potential to revolutionize modern agriculture.

For sources and a transcript of this episode, visit: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-hidden-legacy-of-american-groundnuts

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Keywords:

American Groundnut, Rediscovery, Historical Significance, Indigenous Communities, Pilgrims, Nitrogen-Fixing, Perennial Plant, Cultural Importance, Agricultural Significance, Dr. Bill Blackman, Louisiana State University, Breeding Program, Tubers, Market Viability, Challenges, Mechanical Farming, Promising Yields, Nutritional Benefits, Herbicide Systems, Non-viney Varieties, Research, Anticancer Compounds, Resurgence, Passion, Cultivation, Distribution, Momentum, Resurgence, Legacy, Future Potential, Curiosity, Passion, Groundnut Growers, Gardening, Newcomers, Comprehensive Look, Envision, Possibilities, Journey, Viney, High-Nutritional Value, Sensitivity, Climates, Product Development, Regional Adaptability, Scientific Beliefs, Agriculture, Perennial Crops, Indigenous Peoples, Potatoes, Ireland, Disease-Resistant Varieties, Scientific Theories, Experimentation, Inquiry, Curiosity, Interest, Varieties, LSU Strains, Satisfaction, Enthusiasm, Unique Plants

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Peter Gelderloos joins us again to discuss his recent book "The Solutions are Already Here: Strategies for Ecological Revolution from Below". The conversation is framed around ecological collapse, the complexity of tackling these issues, and detangling climate change from the conversations around the carbon footprint. How does capitalism utilize climate change to continue its path to exploit the resources on the planet through tools like the green new deal, and how do we respond to this greenwashing?
 

We explore the concept of community-building, the power of utopia, and what kind of tools are at our disposal to find ways to gum up the system destroying the ecosystem.

 

You can get Peter's book from Pluto Press: https://www.plutobooks.com/

Find Peter on Twitter @PeterGelderloos
 

 

Support this podcast through Patreon at www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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The role of corn in our diet cannot be overstated, whether it's through animal feed for meat production, ethanol to transport our food, high fructose corn syrup, corn flour, or any of the other ways it has been introduced. Corn is a staple for good reason; it stores well, grows incredibly efficiently, and we've gotten really, really good at growing it. Despite this, there's an underbelly to this industry that often gets overlooked in the conversation about what the future of our food looks like. How did we get here, and how does the modern corn we eat today related to the crops indigenous people across the Americas have been harvesting and breeding for thousands of years?

In this "Tomorrow, Today" crossover episode, we're joined by Helen Anne Curry, author of "Endangered Maize: Industrial Agriculture & the Crisis of Extinction" and Kranzberg Professor of the History of Technology in the School of History and Sociology at Georgia Tech. We chat about this complex relationship between modern corn and its relatives, often called landrace or unimproved corn varieties. But are these actually unimproved varieties? Researchers became aware that the corn we grow today had a very narrow genetic pool, and it was imperative to make sure the diversity of corn that existed across the continents was protected. Like most things, it was more complex than that. How did the cold war, multinational corporations, and the green revolution impact the evolution of corn? Tune in to find out!

Historian Helen Anne Curry on her book "Endangered Maize: Industrial Agriculture and the Crisis of Extinction" from University of California Press.

www.ucpress.edu/book/978052030769…/endangered-maize

Find Helen Anne Curry on Twitter at @HACurry

 

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In this episode we're joined by James Holt, the Executive Director of the Buffalo Field Campaign, a non-profit focused on restoring the rights of the wild buffalo to manage the landscape similarly to how it has in the past. What's the difference between bison, beefalo & buffalo, and what exactly is the problem with how Yellowstone Park is managing them currently? We talk about these subjects and explore the role non-indigenous people have in both restoring the buffalo and hunting them.

 

To learn more about the Buffalo Field Campaign, visit their website at www.buffalofieldcampaign.org or visit them on social media @buffalofieldcampaign
 

 

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In this episode, we're joined by Panteleon from Maseualkualli Farms, a small fossil-free farm in northeast Kansas. We discuss the importance of relearning to farm without petrochemicals and petrofuels, building community, and the Florentine Codex-- a text that outlines traditional indigenous land stewardship as recorded by the Spanish upon their arrival.

 

We also chat about food apartheid and the concept of food as a public work. 

Check out their farm at: https://www.masefarm.org/ and on social media at @Maseualkuallifarms
 

 

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In this episode, we're joined by writer & producer Joe Yates, who is part of the Yawk'laanaas tribe. We discuss the PBS award-winning show 'Molly of Denali', the importance of TV that reflects very complicated realities around representation and finding common threads across audiences. If you're not familiar with the show 'Molly of Denali', it is an animated children's show created by Dorothea Gillim and Kathy Waugh. The series is the first American nationally distributed children's show to feature an Alaska Native as the lead character.

 

You can learn more about Joe's work at alaskanfilms.com

 

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We're joined in this episode by Dr. Martin Reinhardt to discuss a unique project focused on what decolonized foods look like & how these diets impact health. When foods aren't easily available at the grocery store, how does that change your relationship with your food, and what are the health effects of these dietary changes.

The Decolonizing Diet Project (DDP) was an exploratory study of the relationship between people and indigenous foods of the Great Lakes Region. Very few studies have ever been conducted on this subject matter, and studies that examine the physical, cultural, and legal/political dimensions are practically non-existent.

This research program is being led by Dr. Martin Reinhardt, Assistant Professor – Center for Native American Studies at Northern Michigan University and is being supported by the USFS and Cedar Tree Institute.

 

The results can be found at:  https://na.eventscloud.com/file_uploads/0c98117111bd526196a14015c8f3489f_Reinhardt_Day3_1020am.pdf

 

The Decolonizing Diet book is available at the Northern Michigan University bookstore:

https://nmu.bncollege.com/c/Decolonizing-Diet-Project-Cookbook/p/MBS_2042696_used

 

 

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In this episode, we're joined by Jacqueline form the Cempazúchitl Collective to discuss street medic training for communities in their communities, as well as the variety of care that we should be thinking about as we prepare for more government crackdowns on dissent.

 

Check out their work at: https://linktr.ee/cempazuchitl

Folks can donate to their work anytime through venmo: @BIPOCskillshares

 

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Food scarcity is prevalent within every city in the U.S. The pandemic, systemic oppression and escalating climate change have exacerbated existing needs. One solution to food scarcity is food sovereignty and community health. In 2021 Seeding Sovereignty embarked on our first-ever farming adventure, Ancestral Acres Farm & Garden on Tiwa Territory in Albuquerque, New Mexico!

In this episode, we're joined by Mayam from Ancestral Acres, land steward and program director, to discuss finding place and time in restoring landscapes for the benefit of human and non-human inhabitants.

You can check out Ancestral Acres at: https://seedingsovereignty.org/aafg

You can learn more about Seeding Sovereignty's various projects at: https://seedingsovereignty.org/

 

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In this episode, we're joined by Taylor Pennewell from Redbud Resource Group to discuss the complex web of conversations around the concept of land acknowledgements, landback and sovereignty for indigenous people across North America. What does this look like in practice, what are the shortfalls around the way we do land acknowledgements today, and where do we go from here?

 

To learn more about Redbud Resource Group, visit: https://www.redbudresourcegroup.org/ or find Redbud Resource Group across social medias.

 

 

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If you’ve been following our series on permanent agriculture, we’ve gone in extensive depth on the evolution of soil science to permanent agriculture to the Odum brothers’ vision for agroecology. While their work stemmed from the science-led movement of permanent agriculture as the permanent agriculture movement crashed under the pressures of World War 2, multipl concurrent movements followed. The first we covered was the Odum Brothers and their vision of agriculture driven by ecological limitations. An openly, self-proclaimed less scientific vision came under the organic movement, as well as the biodynamic movement, and the Back to the Land movement, and many of these advocates go on to coalesce under the permaculture movement. But before we can understand how those created the newer movement of homesteading and permaculture of today, we need to understand how and why the organic movement thrived in the early days after World War 2.

 One particular advocate for this change was a British botanist, Sir Albert Howard. In 1903, he went to India as a professor to teach how to grow food in India. However, during his time there, he realized they had better techniques, specifically around composting, and he began to write about their techniques for a global audience. He was also one of the primary advocates for the study of ecology and the need to incorporate ecology into food systems. He was an ardent supporter of the permanent agriculture movement spreading across the United States.

To read about organics further, check out the following substack for sources and further details:

https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-birth-of-the-organics-movement

 

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To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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In this episode, we're joined by Linda Black Elk & Ruth Plenty Sweetgrass-She Kills to discuss food sovereignty, seed rematriation, food systems collapse, and how social media plays into these conversations. What does the future hold for our food systems and how do we move forward from the current state of colonialism?

 

Linda Black Elk (Catawba) is an ethnobotanist specializing in traditional foods and medicines of the Great Plains. She is currently the Director of Food Sovereignty at United Tribes Technical College in Bismarck, ND, and is the mother to three Lakota sons. She can be found on Facebook at Linda Black Elk, or on Instagram @Linda.Black.Elk

 

Ruth Plenty Sweetgrass-She Kills (Hidatsa, Mandan, Dakota,
and Nakota) is the Food Sovereignty Director at the Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College.

 

 

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In this episode, we're joined with Mandu from NATIFS, North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems, to discuss food sovereignty and the future of indigenous foodways and the concept of culture and food as dynamic and evolving.

North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems (NāTIFS), founded by James Beard award winners The Sioux Chef, is dedicated to addressing the economic and health crises affecting Native communities by re-establishing Native foodways. We imagine a new North American food system that generates wealth and improves health in Native communities through food-related enterprises.

NāTIFS has opened the Indigenous Food Lab in the Midtown Global Market on historic Lake Street in Minneapolis. The Indigenous Food Lab is a professional Indigenous kitchen and training center covering all aspects of food service; research and development; Indigenous food identification, gathering, cultivation, and preparation; and all components of starting and running a successful culinary business based around Native traditions and Indigenous foods.

Reclamation of ancestral education is a critical part of reversing the damage of colonialism and forced assimilation, and food is at the heart of this reclamation. NāTIFS will drive sustainable economic empowerment and prosperity into tribal areas through a reimagined North American food system that also addresses the health impacts of injustice.

 

Check out NATIFS at NATIFS.org or @Natives_org on Instagram

 

 

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a discussion with Laura Thomas, Communications and Partnerships Manager at GC Resolve, and Graeme Christensen, a fifth-generation farmer and advocate for regenerative agriculture. The conversation centers on the upcoming 2023 Farm Bill, its historical bias towards commodity crops, and potential changes that could support the growth of small, diverse, and regenerative farming operations.

The Farm Bill's Impact on Small Farmers The episode highlights the limitations of the Farm Bill in its current form, particularly its focus on commodity crops and its failure to adequately support small and diverse farming operations. Christensen points out that the crop insurance program, a significant component of the Farm Bill, is designed in a way that disadvantages small farmers and even penalizes those who adopt certain regenerative practices. This bias towards commodity crops, he argues, has contributed to a food system where even agriculturally rich states like Nebraska import the majority of their food. Opportunities for Reform in the 2023 Farm Bill The discussion emphasizes the 2023 Farm Bill as a crucial opportunity for reform, advocating for changes that could make farming more accessible to younger generations and support a transition towards more sustainable and regenerative practices.

Key proposals discussed include:

• A Regenerative Transition Program (RTP): This program would provide financial and technical assistance to farmers transitioning to regenerative practices, helping them overcome the economic barriers and knowledge gaps often associated with such a shift.
• Strengthened Technical Assistance: The episode calls for improvements to the technical assistance provided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), advocating for increased training in regenerative agriculture principles and the creation of culturally appropriate resources for diverse farming communities, including urban, tribal, and immigrant populations.
• A Government Land Bank: Christensen proposes the creation of a government-managed land bank where retiring farmers could receive a retirement stipend in exchange for transitioning their land into a holding area for aspiring young farmers. Participants in this program would receive training in regenerative agriculture and business management, ensuring the land is cared for sustainably and passed on to a new generation of farmers.

The Need for Consumer Demand and Market Transparency The episode emphasizes the need for increased consumer demand for diverse, locally-produced, and regeneratively grown food. Thomas and Christensen argue that a shift in consumer preferences, coupled with greater transparency in the food system, could drive significant change.

They suggest that technology could play a key role in connecting consumers with farmers, allowing them to make informed choices about where their food comes from and supporting those who align with their values. Christensen envisions a future where consumers can easily access information about a farm's practices, environmental impact, and social responsibility, empowering them to make purchasing decisions that support a more just and sustainable food system.

Addressing "Regenerative Greenwashing" The episode acknowledges the growing trend of "greenwashing" within the regenerative agriculture movement, with large corporations potentially co-opting the term for marketing purposes without making genuine changes to their practices.

To counter this, Christensen stresses the importance of establishing clear principles and definitions for regenerative agriculture, grounded in indigenous wisdom and a deep understanding of soil health. He believes that a unified front against greenwashing, rooted in a commitment to genuine ecological restoration, can prevent the movement from being diluted and ensure its long-term impact.

A Call to Action for Listeners The episode concludes with a call to action for listeners, urging them to:

• Engage with the Farm Bill: Learn about the upcoming Farm Bill, participate in advocacy efforts, and contact elected officials to voice support for policies that promote small, diverse, and regenerative farming operations.
• Make Conscious Food Choices: Pay attention to where your food comes from, prioritize ethically produced and regeneratively grown products, and support local farmers whenever possible.
• Become an Advocate: Speak up about the importance of regenerative agriculture, share information with others, and participate in local and national conversations about food systems change.

The episode emphasizes that individual actions, when combined with collective efforts to influence policy and shift market demand, can create a powerful force for positive change in the food system.

Check out GC Resolve at: https://www.gcresolve.com/

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac," celebrating its 100th episode, focuses on the history of corn in America, specifically its transformation from a food primarily consumed by poor people to a ubiquitous ingredient in modern diets. The hosts, Elliott and Andy, use humor and historical analysis to explore the complex factors that led to corn's dominance in the American food system, including technological advancements, government policies, and the crop's unique biological properties.

Early History and the Rise of Corn Whiskey:

Prior to the 1800s, corn was a staple food for poor communities and prisoners in the United States. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, three key technologies—the iron plow, railroads, and canneries—revolutionized corn production and distribution. The iron plow allowed farmers to cultivate larger areas, while railroads enabled efficient transportation of corn across the country. Canneries provided a means to preserve and store corn, further increasing its value.

This confluence of technologies led to a surge in corn production and a boom in the corn whiskey industry. Farmers, seeking to maximize profits and address the challenges of storing and transporting diverse corn varieties, turned to whiskey production. By the 1820s, the average American consumed five gallons of hard liquor annually, a testament to the popularity and profitability of corn whiskey.

Standardization, Hybrid Strains, and the Haber Process:

As the corn industry grew, issues arose regarding the lack of standardization in corn varieties. The diversity in size, color, and kernel characteristics made packaging, trading, and selling corn difficult. To address this, trade boards and rail hubs encouraged farmers to breed a standard crop. James Reid's "Yellow Dent Corn," which won the blue ribbon at the 1893 World's Fair, emerged as the dominant variety. This standardized corn, with its hard kernels, was shelf-stable, easily transportable, and ideal for processing.

However, by the late 1800s, corn yields began to stagnate, prompting government intervention. Policymakers, concerned about food security, implemented initiatives such as irrigation projects, dam construction, and further investment in railroads. These efforts aimed to increase food production and ensure efficient transportation to urban centers.

In the early 20th century, scientists developed hybrid corn strains that significantly boosted yields. These hybrids, coupled with the introduction of industrial fertilizers, led to an unprecedented increase in corn production. The Haber process, developed in 1909 by German chemist Fritz Haber, played a crucial role in this growth. The process enabled the synthesis of plant-available nitrates from the air, providing a readily available source of nitrogen fertilizer. However, the process was energy-intensive, consuming two percent of the global energy supply to produce nitrogen for farming. This dependence on fossil fuels for fertilizer production raised concerns about the environmental sustainability of corn production.

Government Intervention, Subsidies, and the Dust Bowl:

The rapid increase in corn production led to market saturation and plummeting prices, causing economic hardship for farmers. The Great Depression and the subsequent Dust Bowl further exacerbated the crisis. The government responded with subsidies, price supports, and land diversion programs to stabilize the agricultural sector.

The Dust Bowl, a period of severe drought and dust storms in the 1930s, had a profound impact on agricultural policies. It instilled a fear of food shortages in policymakers, leading to a focus on maximizing corn production. Government programs encouraged farmers to increase yields and provided incentives for surplus production, even as the oversupply contributed to lower prices.

World War II and the Rise of Corn-Based Products:

World War II further intensified corn production. The government incentivized farmers to plant "war crops," primarily corn, wheat, and oats, to support the war effort. Additionally, the wartime production of ammonium nitrate for munitions led to a surplus of fertilizer, which further boosted corn yields.

Following the war, the government continued to subsidize corn production and sought ways to utilize the massive surplus. This led to the development and proliferation of corn-based products, including high fructose corn syrup, animal feed, and ethanol. High fructose corn syrup, cheaper than sugarcane due to corn subsidies, became a ubiquitous ingredient in processed foods. Corn also became the primary feed for livestock, as its low cost and abundance made it an economically viable option. Ethanol production, while not the most efficient use of corn, emerged as another avenue to utilize the surplus.

The Environmental and Social Impacts of Corn Dominance:

The episode concludes by discussing the environmental and social consequences of corn's dominance in the American food system. The hosts acknowledge that corn has played a significant role in ensuring food security and has adapted to a wide range of climates. However, they also critique the reliance on industrial fertilizers, the environmental damage caused by monoculture farming, and the negative health impacts associated with the overconsumption of corn-based products.

The hosts express concern that the current system of corn production is unsustainable and perpetuates a cycle of overproduction, low prices, and government intervention. They advocate for a more balanced approach to agriculture, one that prioritizes diversity, sustainability, and the well-being of both farmers and consumers.

The episode offers a thought-provoking and humorous exploration of the complex history of corn in America. It sheds light on how a once humble crop became a powerful force shaping the nation's food system, economy, and environment.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" continues the hosts’ critique of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), building upon points raised in the previous episode. Elliott and Andy further dissect AGRA's operations, exposing its shortcomings in data reporting, its detrimental impact on local food systems, and its questionable ties to corporate interests.

AGRA's Opaque Reporting Practices:

The hosts highlight the lack of transparency in AGRA's operations, pointing to the organization's delayed and limited data reporting despite receiving billions in funding. They note that AGRA only began reporting data five years prior to this episode, which aired in 2023, meaning that it took 10 years for the organization to release any information about its impact. This lack of accountability is particularly concerning given AGRA's size and influence.

The hosts further criticize the quality and scope of the data that AGRA eventually released. They point out that the data is heavily skewed towards corn, with only passing mentions of rice, despite AGRA's stated mission to improve overall food crop productivity. This narrow focus, the hosts argue, reflects AGRA's flawed approach of prioritizing a few commercial crops at the expense of diverse, locally adapted crops that are essential for food security and nutrition.

Adding to these concerns, the hosts reveal that AGRA's evaluation only included data from six out of its eleven focus countries, omitting any information about the remaining five countries where it operates. Furthermore, AGRA no longer makes its outcome monitoring reports publicly available on its website, only releasing them after a public records request forced them to do so. This deliberate obfuscation of information, the hosts argue, raises serious questions about AGRA's legitimacy and the true impact of its work.

AGRA's Harmful Impact on African Food Systems:

The hosts argue that AGRA's model, which promotes the adoption of expensive commercial seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, has actually harmed African food systems. They cite studies that show little to no benefit to farmer incomes or food security. Some farmers even reported a decline in their economic well-being as the costs of these inputs drove them into debt, while yields did not increase enough to offset these expenses. The hosts also highlight the negative nutritional consequences of AGRA's approach, noting reports of declining nutrition due to reduced crop diversity.

Challenging AGRA's Narrative of Empowering Farmers:

The hosts challenge AGRA's claim that it prioritizes poor women farmers and youth, pointing to evidence that the primary beneficiaries of AGRA's programs have been wealthier male farmers. This contradicts the organization's stated goals and reveals a disconnect between its rhetoric and its actual impact on the ground.

Unmasking the Gates Foundation's Agenda:

The hosts extend their critique to AGRA's primary funder, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, arguing that the foundation's agenda prioritizes the interests of Western corporations and institutions over the needs of African farmers. They cite research from Grain, a journal that published a breakdown of the Gates Foundation's agricultural development grants, revealing that a staggering 82% of the funding was channeled to groups based in North America and Europe, while less than 10% went to Africa-based groups.

This skewed distribution of funds, the hosts argue, demonstrates that the Gates Foundation is more interested in promoting Western-developed technologies and solutions than supporting existing knowledge and practices within Africa. They highlight the foundation's significant funding for the CGIAR, a consortium of international research centers known for promoting the Green Revolution, which has been widely criticized for its negative impacts on smallholder farmers and the environment.

The hosts suggest that the Gates Foundation's focus on technological fixes, exemplified by its support for biofortification initiatives, ignores the root causes of hunger and malnutrition, such as poverty, lack of access to land, and unfair trade policies. They argue that biofortification, while potentially useful in emergency situations, is not a sustainable solution for addressing nutritional deficiencies.

Exposing Conflicts of Interest:

The hosts raise concerns about the potential conflict of interest posed by the Gates Foundation's investments in Monsanto, a multinational agricultural corporation known for its production of genetically modified seeds and herbicides. They argue that this financial tie, coupled with the Gates Foundation's influence over agricultural policy in Africa, creates a system that benefits corporations at the expense of smallholder farmers.

Highlighting the Need for Agroecology:

Despite the bleak picture painted by AGRA's failures, the hosts offer a glimmer of hope by highlighting the growing movement towards agroecology in Africa. They point to studies that show smallholder farmers in Africa prefer their own locally adapted crop varieties over the commercial hybrids promoted by AGRA. These locally adapted varieties are often more resilient to drought, require less water and inputs, and are better suited for intercropping, a technique that enhances biodiversity and soil health.

The hosts conclude by emphasizing that true food sovereignty in Africa requires moving away from the industrial model of agriculture promoted by AGRA and embracing agroecological practices that prioritize local knowledge, biodiversity, and farmer control over food systems.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

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To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" presents a scathing critique of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), an organization founded in 2006 by the Rockefeller and Gates Foundations. Hosts Elliott and Andy challenge AGRA's stated goals of empowering African farmers and reducing food insecurity, arguing that it instead perpetuates a neocolonial model that benefits Western interests at the expense of African livelihoods.

AGRA's Funding and Questionable Accountability:

The hosts emphasize that AGRA's primary funding sources, the Gates Foundation and the U.S. government, raise concerns about its agenda. They point out that AGRA received approximately one billion dollars in funding, with the Gates Foundation alone contributing two-thirds of that amount. The hosts question the accountability of such an organization, especially given its complex structure and the involvement of major players in the "non-profit industrial complex". They draw parallels to past philanthropic endeavors by Bill Gates, suggesting a pattern of prioritizing Western solutions over local knowledge and needs.

Challenging AGRA's Claims of Success:

The hosts cite the work of researcher Tim Wise, who analyzed AGRA's documentation and found little evidence to support its claims of success. Wise concluded that despite AGRA's 15-year investment in promoting commercial seeds and fertilizers, there was "little evidence that...[it] has improved farmers yields income or food security". Wise's analysis revealed that yields in AGRA's focus countries had risen only 18% over 15 years, falling far short of the promised 100% increase. Additionally, AGRA's emphasis on monoculture crops like GM corn has led to a decline in crop diversity, threatening food security and resilience.

AGRA's Model: Benefiting Western Corporations, Not African Farmers:

The hosts argue that AGRA's model, focused on commercial seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, only benefits Western corporations while increasing African farmers' dependence on expensive inputs and long supply chains. This dependence undermines farmers' resilience and increases their risk of debt, particularly in the face of climate change.

The African Union and the Influence of External Funding:

The discussion expands to critique the African Union (AU), highlighting the influence of external donors on the organization's priorities. The hosts note that while African member states agreed to prioritize the AU's stability, they only contribute about 27% of the spent budget, leaving donors to fill the gap. This reliance on external funding, primarily from former colonizers and the European Union, has led to concerns about skewed accountability and a prioritization of donor interests over those of African member states.

Safeguarding Food Sovereignty and Embracing Agroecology:

The episode concludes with a call for a paradigm shift in agricultural development in Africa. The hosts highlight a public letter from the Alliance for Food Sovereignty in Africa (AFSA), a confederation of 35 organizations, urging donors to cease funding for AGRA and instead support "African-led efforts to expand agro-ecology and other low-input farming systems". The letter criticizes AGRA's approach as harmful to farmers, the environment, and long-term sustainability.

Conflict of Interest and Unanswered Concerns:

The hosts raise concerns about the conflict of interest posed by AGRA's president leading the UN Food System Summit. They also point out that despite extensive criticism from faith leaders and civil society organizations, the Gates Foundation has failed to acknowledge or address concerns about its approach to agricultural development in Africa.

Concluding Thoughts:

The episode leaves listeners with a strong critique of AGRA and a call for a more just and sustainable approach to agriculture in Africa. The hosts argue that true food sovereignty requires prioritizing local knowledge, agroecological practices, and empowering African farmers to control their own food systems.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Knack Attack" explores the historical origins and evolution of anti-foraging laws in the United States, revealing how these laws, often rooted in racism and classism, have systematically restricted access to wild foods for marginalized communities and working-class people. The hosts, Elliott and Andy, trace the shift from a period of relatively open access to foraging in colonial America to the gradual erosion of these rights, driven by the expansion of industrial agriculture and the interests of wealthy elites seeking to control and commodify natural resources.

Early Foraging Rights and the Shift Toward Restriction

The episode begins by highlighting the broad foraging rights enjoyed by American colonists, who could freely gather food not only on common lands but also on private property. This right was even enshrined in the constitutions of some states, reflecting the importance of foraging for subsistence. However, as industrial agriculture gained prominence, the need for and protection of foraging practices declined.

Targeting Marginalized Communities: Native Americans and Freed Slaves

The hosts emphasize how anti-foraging laws were weaponized against marginalized groups. Native American tribes were among the first to be stripped of their traditional foraging rights, driven from their lands as white settlers expanded westward. This dispossession was justified by portraying Native American hunter-gatherer practices as primitive and incompatible with "modern" agricultural practices.

Following the Civil War, newly emancipated African American slaves, who had relied on foraging for sustenance and income, faced similar attacks on their foraging practices. Southern states enacted trespass laws and other measures to restrict access to wild foods, undermining the self-sufficiency and economic independence of freed slaves. This pattern of dispossession, the hosts note, is a recurring theme in American history, with those in power consistently using legal and social mechanisms to exploit and control marginalized populations.

"Conservation" as a Tool for Exclusion

The episode examines how the conservation movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, while ostensibly aimed at protecting natural resources, often served as a cover for excluding working-class people and marginalized communities from access to land and its resources. The hosts cite the example of the Adirondack Park in New York, where wealthy elites, seeking to protect their interests in the region's timber and waterways, pushed for the creation of a protected area that restricted traditional foraging and hunting practices of local residents. This "conservation" effort was driven by a paternalistic view of rural residents as incapable of responsibly managing the natural world.

The Labyrinthine Web of Anti-Foraging Laws

The hosts detail the complex and often contradictory web of regulations governing foraging at the local, state, and federal levels. They point out how the vague and broadly worded ordinances, coupled with the discretionary power granted to park officials, create a system that is easily manipulated to target and penalize foragers, particularly those who are poor or from marginalized communities. The inconsistencies in regulations across jurisdictions, they argue, further highlight the arbitrary and often discriminatory nature of these laws.

The Case of Steve Brill and the Hypocrisy of Enforcement

The episode recounts the story of Steve Brill, a New York City forager who gained notoriety in the 1980s for leading foraging tours in Central Park and was subsequently arrested in a sting operation for picking dandelion greens. This incident, which garnered international attention, exposed the absurdity of criminalizing foraging for common, non-native plants. While the charges against Brill were eventually dropped, the hosts note that this case did little to change the city's restrictive stance on foraging, as evidenced by subsequent incidents where individuals were fined for picking berries and dandelion greens in city parks.

The Contradictory Mandate of the National Park Service

The hosts examine the contradictory mandate of the National Park Service (NPS), which is tasked with both promoting public enjoyment of national parks and preserving their resources for future generations. They highlight how the NPS regulations, while generally prohibiting foraging, grant superintendents wide latitude to set specific rules, resulting in a patchwork of inconsistent regulations across different parks. This discretionary power, they argue, further contributes to the potential for arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement.

Foraging as a Class and Race Issue

The episode concludes by emphasizing that access to wild foods remains largely a matter of privilege and power. They observe that the modern foraging movement, while gaining popularity in recent years, is predominantly white and middle-class. The history of anti-foraging laws, they argue, has created a system that disproportionately impacts people of color and low-income communities, denying them access to a valuable source of food and cultural connection to the land.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" revisits the history of American Prohibition, exploring its origins in the temperance movement and examining the social, political, and economic factors that led to the passage of the 18th Amendment. Hosts Elliott and Andy discuss the role of religious sentiment, social anxieties, and political maneuvering in the rise of the anti-alcohol movement, highlighting the influence of key figures like Carry Nation and Wayne Wheeler.

Early Temperance Efforts and the Rise of the Anti-Saloon League

The episode traces the roots of the temperance movement back to the early 1800s, noting the emergence of temperance societies advocating for moderation or abstinence from alcohol consumption. Concerns about the negative social consequences of alcohol, intertwined with religious convictions and health considerations, fueled the movement's growth, particularly among middle-class reformers, with women playing a prominent role.

The hosts examine the evolution of the temperance movement from localized efforts to a national political force. The formation of the National Prohibition Party in 1869, despite its limited electoral success, demonstrated the growing political aspirations of the movement. The establishment of the Anti-Saloon League in 1893 marked a significant shift in strategy, focusing on leveraging political pressure to enact prohibition laws.

Wayne Wheeler and the Politicization of Prohibition

The episode focuses on Wayne Wheeler, a key figure in the Anti-Saloon League, describing him as a shrewd political strategist who effectively manipulated the political system to advance the prohibition agenda. Wheeler and his allies recognized the power of a small but dedicated voting bloc, strategically aligning themselves with candidates who supported their cause, regardless of party affiliation.

This approach, similar to modern-day political tactics, involved exploiting wedge issues to sway elections in their favor, effectively creating the illusion of widespread support for prohibition, even in areas where it lacked popular backing.

Exploiting Social Anxieties and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment

The hosts discuss how the prohibition movement capitalized on the social anxieties of the time, particularly those stemming from rapid industrialization, urbanization, and immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Rural whites, migrating to cities for work, often found themselves in close proximity to saloons frequented by immigrants and minorities, fueling resentment and fears about the changing social fabric.

The Anti-Saloon League effectively tapped into these sentiments, portraying alcohol as a threat to the moral fiber of the nation, often using racist and xenophobic rhetoric to demonize immigrants and their drinking habits.

The Role of World War I and the Passage of the 18th Amendment

The episode examines how the outbreak of World War I provided a crucial opportunity for prohibition advocates to advance their agenda. By framing opposition to alcohol as a patriotic duty, linking it to anti-German sentiment and the need to protect American soldiers from the temptations of drink, they gained significant political momentum.

With wartime prohibition in place, and a majority of states already having dry laws, the movement successfully pushed for a constitutional amendment to ban alcohol nationwide. The 18th Amendment, along with the Volstead Act, which outlined the enforcement mechanisms, became law in 1919, ushering in the era of national prohibition.

The Legacy of Prohibition and its Relevance Today

The episode concludes by reflecting on the unintended consequences of prohibition, including the rise of organized crime, the flourishing of a black market for alcohol, and the erosion of public respect for the law. The hosts draw parallels between the tactics employed by the prohibition movement and contemporary political strategies, highlighting the enduring relevance of understanding how small, passionate groups can manipulate the political system to achieve their goals. They emphasize the importance of critical thinking and civic engagement in navigating complex social and political issues, guarding against the dangers of moral absolutism and the overreach of government power.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" explores hydrogen power, examining its potential to address the world's energy crisis while acknowledging the complexities and challenges associated with its implementation. Hosts Andy, Elliott, and Matt engage in a lively discussion, covering the history, science, and potential applications of hydrogen technology while considering its economic, geopolitical, and environmental implications.

Hydrogen Power: A Historical Overview and the Basics of Fuel Cells

The episode begins by dispelling the notion of hydrogen power as a futuristic concept, highlighting its long history dating back to the 19th century. The hosts point to the development of the first working hydrogen fuel cell in 1842 and its use in powering tractors by 1959, culminating in its application in the Gemini 3 space mission in 1965.

The hosts explain that a fuel cell facilitates a controlled chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity, producing water as a byproduct. This process, distinct from direct combustion, offers a cleaner and more efficient energy conversion method.

The "Duck Problem" and the Need for Energy Storage

The hosts introduce the "duck problem," a concept illustrating the mismatch between peak solar energy generation (mid-day) and peak energy consumption (evenings). This disparity underscores the need for efficient energy storage solutions to bridge the gap between supply and demand.

They discuss the limitations of current approaches like home batteries, especially as electric vehicle adoption increases, putting further strain on the grid during peak hours.

Hydrogen Cars vs. Battery-Powered Vehicles: A Comparative Analysis

The episode delves into the potential of hydrogen-powered cars, referencing President George W. Bush's 2003 State of the Union address, which touted hydrogen cars as a key solution to reducing pollution.

However, the hosts acknowledge the challenges associated with hydrogen cars, particularly the issue of energy density. While hydrogen boasts high energy density by weight, its low energy density by volume necessitates bulky and expensive high-pressure tanks cooled to extremely low temperatures. This logistical hurdle makes battery-powered vehicles a more practical option for personal transportation.

Safety concerns related to hydrogen storage are also addressed, with the hosts emphasizing that compressed hydrogen, despite the high pressures involved, dissipates much quicker than gasoline in the event of a container rupture, making it arguably safer than traditional fuel tanks.

The Role of Infrastructure and Efficiency Considerations

The episode underscores the importance of a robust infrastructure for widespread hydrogen adoption, noting the need for a network of refueling stations equipped with specialized high-pressure storage and dispensing systems. This infrastructure development poses a significant cost barrier compared to setting up charging stations for electric vehicles.

Efficiency losses associated with hydrogen production, storage, and conversion are also acknowledged, with the hosts emphasizing that the overall process results in a significant energy penalty.

The Colorful World of Hydrogen Production: Green, Gray, and Blue

The episode examines various methods of hydrogen production, categorized by their environmental impact:

• Green hydrogen: Produced through electrolysis using renewable energy sources, this method is considered the most sustainable but currently represents a tiny fraction of global production.
• Gray hydrogen: Derived from steam methane reforming of natural gas, this process is the most common but releases significant amounts of CO2.
• Blue hydrogen: Similar to gray hydrogen but incorporates carbon capture technology to reduce emissions, though at a higher production cost.

The hosts highlight the economic and logistical factors driving the dominance of gray hydrogen, emphasizing the current reliance on fossil fuels and the use of hydrogen as an intermediate product in industries like fertilizer production and petroleum refining.

The Potential of Green Hydrogen and Shifting Economic Landscapes

The declining costs of renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar, are presented as a promising trend that could make green hydrogen more economically viable in the future.

The episode also explores factors that could further increase the attractiveness of green hydrogen:

• Vulnerability to Disruptions: The decentralized nature of electrolytic hydrogen production makes it less susceptible to disruptions caused by natural disasters or geopolitical conflicts.
• Water Economy: Hydrogen fuel cells produce distilled water as a byproduct, offering potential benefits for water-stressed regions.
• Reduced Reliance on Rare Earth Metals: Advances in fuel cell technology are reducing the amount of platinum required, potentially mitigating the ethical and environmental concerns associated with rare earth metal mining.

Hydrogen Power in Heavy Lift Applications: Ships, Trucks, and Beyond

Recognizing the limitations of hydrogen in personal vehicles, the episode shifts focus to its potential in heavy lift applications like cargo ships, trucks, and buses. These sectors offer greater economies of scale, justifying the investment in expensive equipment and infrastructure.

The Case for Hydrogen-Powered Cargo Ships

The episode makes a compelling case for hydrogen-powered cargo ships, citing a 2020 study by the International Council on Clean Transportation, which found that 99% of trans-Pacific voyages could have been powered by hydrogen with minimal modifications to existing ships.

The hosts highlight the environmental benefits of replacing heavy fuel oil (bunker fuel) with hydrogen, particularly in the context of the increasing use of Arctic shipping routes, which pose significant risks to the fragile polar ecosystem.

Iceland and Hawaii: Models for Hydrogen-Based Energy Export

The episode examines the experiences of Iceland and Hawaii, both of which have invested in hydrogen technology and renewable energy programs. While early attempts to implement hydrogen-powered transportation faced challenges, their strong renewable energy infrastructure positions them as potential exporters of green hydrogen.

The strategic location of these islands along major shipping routes makes them ideal hubs for supplying hydrogen fuel to vessels traversing the increasingly navigable Arctic waters.

Geopolitical Implications of Arctic Shipping and Hydrogen Production

The episode delves into the geopolitical implications of a future dominated by Arctic shipping routes, highlighting the competition between nations for control and influence in the region.

The melting Arctic ice opens up shorter shipping routes, reducing travel times and costs but also raising concerns about environmental damage and resource exploitation.

The episode focuses on the potential for the United States to leverage its Alaskan territory, which boasts significant offshore wind potential and a strategic location for hydrogen production and distribution. The development of a hydrogen-based fuel economy in the Arctic could bolster American influence while promoting environmental protection.

Hydrogen: A Unique and Abundant Resource

The episode concludes by emphasizing the unique characteristics of hydrogen as an energy source, contrasting its abundance and potential for decreasing production costs with the finite nature and eventual depletion of fossil fuels.

The hosts draw parallels between the historical progression of energy sources (wood, coal, oil) and communication technologies (telegraph, radio, internet), suggesting that hydrogen, like the internet, has the potential to democratize access to energy and reshape global systems.

Challenges and Considerations for a Just and Sustainable Hydrogen Economy

The episode acknowledges the need to address the social and environmental challenges associated with a hydrogen-based energy system:

• Ensuring Equitable Access: The potential for low-cost hydrogen production raises questions about how to guarantee access as a human right and prevent its monopolization by powerful entities.
• Protecting Local Ecologies and Communities: The harvesting of renewable energy for hydrogen production must be done in a way that minimizes environmental impacts and respects the rights of indigenous communities.

The episode leaves listeners with a sense of optimism about the potential of hydrogen power while urging thoughtful consideration of the social, political, and environmental complexities surrounding its implementation. It encourages engagement in informed discussions about the design of institutional frameworks that ensure a just and sustainable hydrogen economy.

 

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" takes listeners on a captivating journey through the history of cannabis, from its ancient origins as a medicinal and spiritual plant to its demonization and criminalization in modern America. Hosts Andy and Nash, joined by guest Matt, weave a narrative that highlights the cultural, religious, and political forces that have shaped our relationship with this versatile plant.

Cannabis in the Ancient World: Medicine, Spirituality, and Everyday Life:

The episode begins by dispelling the misconception that cannabis use is a recent phenomenon. Archaeological evidence suggests that humanity has cultivated marijuana for at least 10,000 years, initially as a source of hemp fiber for textiles and rope. Its medicinal applications emerged later, with the earliest recorded use attributed to the legendary Chinese emperor and deity, Shennong, around 2700 BCE.

Shennong, revered as the "Father of Farming," is credited with introducing various agricultural practices, including the use of plants for medicinal purposes. He believed that cannabis could effectively treat a wide range of ailments, from gout and malaria to rheumatism. His insights are documented in the ancient Chinese text, "The Divine Farmer's Herb-Root Classic," a testament to the long-standing tradition of cannabis as a healing plant in Chinese culture.

The episode emphasizes that ancient cannabis use extended beyond mere medicinal applications. It played a significant role in spiritual and religious practices, particularly in ancient Asia. Evidence suggests that cannabis was used in burial rituals and shamanic ceremonies, highlighting its perceived connection to the divine and the afterlife.

Cannabis on the Move: Spreading Along the Silk Road:

From its origins in China and India, cannabis spread westward along the Silk Road, reaching Mesopotamia, Egypt, and eventually Europe. As it traveled, it was integrated into diverse cultures and adopted for various purposes. In India, cannabis became associated with the Hindu god Shiva, often referred to as the "Lord of the Bong," reflecting its continued role in spiritual practices.

The Scythians, a nomadic people who roamed the Eurasian steppes, also embraced cannabis, using it for both medicinal and recreational purposes. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus documented their practice of throwing hemp onto hot stones in saunas to create a steam bath infused with cannabis.

The Shift in America: From Cash Crop to Demonized Drug:

The episode then traces the trajectory of cannabis in America, noting its initial arrival with European colonists in the 17th century. Primarily used as a source of hemp fiber, it became a valuable cash crop for producing rope, clothing, and paper. Even the Founding Fathers cultivated cannabis, demonstrating its widespread acceptance and economic importance during this period.

However, the perception of cannabis began to shift in the mid-19th century, influenced by the introduction of its medicinal properties to the West by Irish doctor William Brooke O'Shaughnessy. This newfound medical interest coincided with the growing popularity of smoking cannabis recreationally among marginalized communities, particularly jazz musicians and Mexican immigrant workers.

The episode argues that this association of cannabis with minority groups fueled a racist campaign to demonize the drug and associate it with crime and social unrest. The term "marijuana," derived from the Spanish word for the plant, was intentionally adopted to distance it from its medicinal uses and emphasize its perceived foreign and dangerous nature.

The Rise of Prohibition and the War on Drugs:

The demonization of cannabis culminated in the passage of the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, effectively outlawing its sale and use throughout America. This legislation, spearheaded by Harry Anslinger, the head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, was fueled by racist propaganda and unfounded claims about the drug's purported dangers.

The episode highlights the role of the infamous propaganda film "Reefer Madness" (1936) in solidifying the public's perception of cannabis as a gateway to insanity, violence, and social decay. This film, riddled with exaggerated claims and blatant fear-mongering, became a powerful tool in Anslinger's campaign to demonize cannabis and justify its prohibition.

The episode then fast-forwards to the 1970s, when President Richard Nixon declared a "War on Drugs," further intensifying the criminalization of cannabis. This policy, rooted in political motivations and a desire to target anti-war protesters, led to the classification of marijuana as a Schedule I narcotic, placing it alongside heroin and LSD.

The Legacy of Prohibition: Mass Incarceration and a Thriving Black Market:

The episode explores the devastating consequences of cannabis prohibition, particularly its disproportionate impact on Black and Hispanic communities. The "zero tolerance" policies of the Reagan era led to a surge in arrests and incarcerations for non-violent drug offenses, fueling the growth of the prison industrial complex and perpetuating systemic racial injustices.

The episode also discusses the unintended consequence of prohibition: the creation of a thriving black market. The criminalization of cannabis did not eradicate its use but rather pushed it underground, empowering criminal organizations and generating billions of dollars in untaxed revenue.

A Shifting Tide: Towards Decriminalization and Legalization:

The episode concludes with a hopeful note, acknowledging the growing movement to decriminalize and legalize cannabis across the United States. As of 2020, over half of the states have either decriminalized or fully legalized marijuana, reflecting a gradual shift in public perception and a recognition of the failures of prohibition.

Despite these advances, cannabis remains federally illegal, creating a complex legal landscape and hindering the development of a regulated and equitable industry. The episode highlights the challenges faced by businesses operating in this legal gray area, particularly the difficulties in accessing banking services and securing insurance.

The episode ends with a call for continued reform, emphasizing the need to address the legacy of racial injustice stemming from the War on Drugs and to create a fair and equitable system that benefits all members of society. It leaves listeners with a deeper understanding of the complex history of cannabis, prompting reflection on the societal and political forces that have shaped our relationship with this plant and the ongoing need to challenge outdated policies and prejudices.

To get more content from Nash, follow her on social media at @itsnashflynn, and look out for her book coming out at www.breadandrosespress.com in 2025!

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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To talk about permanent agriculture and the alternative agriculture movement that fought against monocropping and industrial pesticide and fertilizer use without talking about biodynamics ignores one of the focal components in the development of a huge facet of how these movements came to be today. To try and explain the biodynamic movement without talking about Rudolf Steiner doesn’t fully capture how and why the movement became what it was long after his death. Steiner’s interest spanned from education to agriculture to, in his words, “how to know higher worlds.” His interests explored anthroposophy, or what he considered ‘spiritual science’, something that has continued to occupy a large space in the various ‘natural’ agricultural movements that span the globe today, including at least 6,000 farms today.1 

 

Waldorf schools, inspired by Steiner’s work, number over 2,000 today, and highlight that his writing and speeches struck a common belief that has transcended his place and time in Germany. We’ll explore what these beliefs are and how these positions, by definition of how they can be interpreted, have been coopted by groups across the political spectrum.

 

To read about biodynamics further, check out the following substack for sources and further details:

https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-birth-of-the-biodynamics-movement

 

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Kristen and Shar from AK Press, an anarchist worker-run publishing and distribution collective. The discussion focuses on how AK Press operates as a non-hierarchical collective, the challenges of existing as an anarchist business within a capitalist system, and AK Press's unique role in promoting radical thought and literature.

AK Press: A Collectively Run Publishing House Kristen, a publicist in the publishing department, and Shar, a worker in the distribution department, explain that AK Press is a collectively run and non-hierarchical organization. This means that all members are self-identified anarchists, receive equal pay, and participate in decision-making. All books published by AK Press are chosen through collective discussion and voting, even those on topics or by authors that may not be familiar to the collective. This process involves reading manuscripts, assigning readers, discussing submissions, and engaging in open communication about the work and the direction of the publishing program.

Kristen highlights the values that guide AK Press's publishing program, including abolition, Black anarchism, Indigenous anarchism, trans and queer insurrection, mutual aid, transformative justice, and labor organizing. She emphasizes that these values drive the selection of books that not only educate but also challenge readers and potentially "open the minds of people who are not familiar with anarchism".

Shar discusses the significance of AK Press's distribution department, which carries thousands of books from smaller presses. This allows AK Press to provide a platform for these smaller publishers and offer a wider variety of radical literature to its readers. Shar emphasizes the value of making these books accessible to people who might not otherwise find them, particularly during times when access to physical bookstores is limited, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Living Anarchist Ideals in a Capitalist System The conversation explores the challenges of living anarchist ideals within a system that inherently contradicts those ideals. The participants acknowledge the inherent contradictions of operating an anarchist business within a capitalist framework. They note that the materials used to produce and distribute their books, such as paper, packaging, and computers, are all products of exploitative labor within the capitalist economy.

Despite these contradictions, Kristen and Shar emphasize that AK Press remains committed to its political project of promoting anarchist thought and working towards a more just and equitable world. They believe that the collective decision-making process, shared values, and trust among members are essential for navigating these challenges and maintaining their commitment to their political project.

Kristen and Shar argue that the collective work structure at AK Press is more fulfilling and empowering than traditional hierarchical work environments. They describe a sense of shared responsibility and ownership over their work, highlighting the satisfaction that comes from seeing their efforts directly contribute to the success of the collective and the advancement of their political project. They contrast this with the alienation and lack of agency often experienced in traditional workplaces where employees are expected to simply follow orders from superiors.

The Impact of the "Post-Truth" Era The discussion also touches upon the unique opportunities presented by the so-called "post-truth" era, characterized by widespread distrust of traditional media and institutions. The participants suggest that this distrust has created a space for alternative viewpoints and sources of information, including radical media like AK Press. They argue that AK Press's long-standing reputation for publishing high-quality radical literature has become even more valuable in a world where information is constantly being questioned and challenged.

Kristen and Shar believe that the "post-truth" era has led to an increased interest in alternative perspectives and a willingness to engage with radical ideas. They see this as a positive development, as it allows AK Press to reach a wider audience and potentially influence more people to think critically about the world around them. They also highlight the importance of AK Press continuing to publish and distribute radical literature that can provide tools and knowledge for people seeking alternatives to the dominant narratives and systems of power.

Looking Towards the Future Looking towards the future, Kristen and Shar express optimism about the growth of AK Press and the increasing visibility of radical media. They believe that the demand for alternative viewpoints will continue to grow, creating new opportunities for AK Press to reach a wider audience and influence the broader social and political landscape. They emphasize the importance of AK Press remaining responsive to the needs of its community and continuing to publish books that provide valuable insights and tools for social change.

Shar highlights the importance of AK Press's "Black Dawn" speculative fiction series as a way to engage with radical ideas through imaginative storytelling. This series, which includes titles like "A Country of Ghosts" by Margaret Killjoy and "Grievers" by adrienne maree brown, explores the possibilities of anarchist societies and provides a different entry point for those who might be intimidated by traditional theoretical texts.

Kristen and Shar conclude by discussing AK Press's "Friends of AK" program, a subscription service that provides members with monthly books, discounts, and the option to sponsor books for incarcerated individuals. They also recommend several books that they are particularly excited about, including "After the Revolution" by Robert Evans, "A Profession Without Reason" by Bruce E. Levine, "Overcoming Capitalism" by Tom Wetzel, "Release Weight of Our Stars" by Octavia Alvarez, and "A Country of Ghosts" by Margaret Killjoy.

AK Press is one of the oldest worker run, collectively managed publishers and distributors in the US. To order books from them, visit www.akpress.org and find them across social medias!

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Garrison Davis, a writer and podcaster from Cool Zone Media, a left-leaning media collective. They discuss the challenges of creating anarchist media within a capitalist framework, strategies for reaching a wider audience, and Cool Zone Media's vision for the future.

Cool Zone Media: An Anti-Collapse Collective Garrison introduces Cool Zone Media as a collective of individuals working on projects related to societal collapse and potential responses to it. He clarifies that they use "collapse" as a marketing term and are more focused on exploring solutions and fostering a sense of agency in the face of societal challenges. He emphasizes that Cool Zone Media's content aims to offer alternatives to the "doomer" mentality that often accompanies discussions of collapse, encouraging individuals to see opportunities for social change amidst the unraveling. Navigating the Media Ecosystem The conversation explores Cool Zone Media's position within the larger media ecosystem. Garrison describes their work as a "fifth estate," existing outside of mainstream media but close enough to potentially draw in audiences accustomed to more traditional outlets. They acknowledge the challenge of balancing their radical politics with the need to reach a wider audience, recognizing that creating media solely for anarchists would limit their impact and financial sustainability. The Financial Realities of Anarchist Media Production The episode addresses the financial realities of producing anarchist media within a capitalist system. Garrison explains that Cool Zone Media accepts funding from corporations, viewing it as a way to support their team and create content critical of capitalism. They argue that taking money from corporations to produce anti-capitalist media is a "scam" they are comfortable with, especially given the limited financial viability of relying solely on support from other individuals with limited resources. They acknowledge the inherent contradictions of this approach but ultimately embrace the absurdity of the situation. Strategies for Expanding Reach and Impact Garrison outlines Cool Zone Media's approach to expanding their reach and impact. They aim to introduce radical ideas to a wider audience by connecting with popular culture and current events. They also emphasize the importance of making their content freely accessible, avoiding paywalls or subscriptions that could limit their audience. Cool Zone Media also seeks to support other creators with aligned political perspectives by offering them opportunities to contribute to their projects and receive compensation for their work. Looking to the Future Looking towards the future, Garrison expresses a desire to expand Cool Zone Media beyond podcasts into other mediums like documentary filmmaking. They acknowledge the financial constraints of pursuing these ambitions while also emphasizing their commitment to constantly creating new content and seeking out new collaborators. Garrison concludes by expressing optimism about the growing visibility of radical media and its potential to break into the mainstream in the coming years.

To check out Cool Zone Media, visit them on social media at @CoolZoneMedia

Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with members of the anarchist media collective "It's Going Down" (IGD). They discuss the evolution of anarchist media, the challenges of operating in a digital landscape dominated by social media, and the importance of grounding media projects in real-world action and community building.

Reflecting on a Decade of Anarchist Media The conversation begins by tracing the origins of IGD back to the insurrectionist anarchist movement that gained prominence around a decade prior to the recording of the episode. The participants note that IGD emerged from a community of individuals who were actively involved in both direct action and media production, fostering a strong connection between the platform and the broader anarchist movement. They contrast this with other anarchist media models, such as open submission platforms where content is less curated or publications with a more static editorial process, highlighting IGD's unique position within the anarchist media ecosystem. The Pitfalls of Social Media-First Organizing A key theme of the discussion is the limitations of social media as a primary tool for organizing and building movements. The participants argue that social media can foster a sense of detachment and abstraction, leading to conversations that are more focused on theoretical debates and online identities than on concrete action and real-world relationships. They point to the proliferation of short-lived, social media-driven initiatives that often lack the depth and sustained engagement necessary for meaningful change.

The conversation critiques the tendency to prioritize the "aesthetics of the result" over the often tedious and unglamorous work of building relationships, organizing logistics, and engaging in sustained struggle. The participants emphasize that relying solely on social media to mobilize people for actions without the groundwork of community building and long-term organizing often leads to fleeting bursts of activity that dissipate quickly. They argue that the current generation of activists is confronting the limits of social media organizing, particularly in the wake of the George Floyd rebellion and the subsequent decline in street protests.

The Value of Localism and Grounded Action The participants advocate for a shift away from social media-centric approaches towards a model that prioritizes localism, grounded action, and the cultivation of meaningful relationships outside of the digital realm. They highlight the importance of regional counter-information sites and media projects that are deeply embedded within specific communities, serving as hubs for information sharing, analysis, and the development of local strategies.

They suggest that these localized initiatives can provide the necessary context and material grounding for conversations about tactics, strategies, and political analysis, allowing for a more nuanced and effective approach to organizing. They also stress the importance of face-to-face interaction and offline relationship building, emphasizing that these connections form the bedrock of resilient and sustainable movements.

Building a Left Media Ecosystem: Beyond Social Media The discussion then turns to the broader question of building a left media ecosystem that can effectively challenge the dominance of corporate media and reach wider audiences. The participants explore various strategies, such as breaking into mainstream media outlets, utilizing radio and alternative streaming platforms, and creating content that resonates with audiences who are disillusioned with both corporate media and the existing political establishment.

They acknowledge the challenges of competing with well-funded right-wing media networks that have mastered the art of manipulating algorithms and exploiting online platforms. However, they also highlight the unique strengths of radical media, particularly its ability to take uncompromising positions and speak truth to power without the constraints of corporate interests or the need to appease advertisers.

The Importance of Strategy and Sustainability The participants emphasize the importance of approaching media projects with a clear strategic vision and a commitment to sustainability. They advise aspiring media creators to carefully consider their goals, their target audience, and the resources available to them before embarking on a new project. They encourage collaboration with existing initiatives and emphasize the need to focus efforts on projects that genuinely contribute to the broader strategic goals of the movement.

They also stress the need to develop independent infrastructure, such as self-hosted websites and servers, to avoid reliance on corporate platforms that can censor or de-platform radical content. They advocate for building capacity from the beginning, ensuring that projects can scale and adapt to changing circumstances without compromising their principles or their independence.

Embracing Multiplicity and Rejecting Absolutism The conversation concludes with a reflection on the importance of embracing multiplicity and rejecting the search for absolute truths in both media projects and political organizing. The participants argue that the inherent diversity of perspectives and experiences within anarchist and leftist movements is a strength, not a weakness, and that the ability to engage with difference and navigate complexity is essential for building effective and resilient movements.

They caution against the pitfalls of social media discourse, which often encourages rigid thinking and a tendency towards absolutism, and instead advocate for a more fluid and adaptable approach that is grounded in the realities of local contexts and the ever-changing dynamics of social struggle. They emphasize that the goal is not to find a single, universal truth, but rather to create spaces for dialogue, experimentation, and the constant evolution of ideas and strategies.

The episode provides a nuanced and insightful perspective on the challenges and opportunities of building anarchist media in the age of social media. The conversation moves beyond simple critiques of online platforms and offers concrete suggestions for developing sustainable, impactful media projects that are grounded in real-world action, community building, and a commitment to embracing the multiplicity of perspectives within the broader anarchist movement.

You can find them on social media at @Itsgoingdown and their website is www.itsgoingdown.org

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

 

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Charles McBryde, an organizer living in Ukraine and working to provide medical care and resources to civilians affected by the ongoing war. The discussion explores the realities of war, the challenges of providing aid in a conflict zone, and the complex political and social dynamics at play in Ukraine.

Beyond the Headlines: Addressing Secondary and Tertiary Effects of War

McBryde highlights the often overlooked secondary and tertiary effects of war, focusing on the plight of individuals with chronic illnesses and cancer patients who have lost access to vital medications and treatments. He details his work in collecting donated oncology treatments from Europe and shipping them to besieged cities like Kharkiv, emphasizing the crucial need for insulin, thyroid medication, asthma inhalers, and other essential medical supplies.

The conversation underscores the broader impact of the conflict on the lives of ordinary people, including food shortages, disrupted supply chains, and the displacement of millions. McBryde describes the situation as the "largest humanitarian crisis that has happened this quickly since the second world war," noting that over 10 million people are internally displaced within Ukraine, with millions more anticipated to become refugees. This rapid displacement, he explains, stands in stark contrast to the Syrian conflict, which took several years to produce a similar number of refugees.

Western Aid and the Question of Equity

While acknowledging the generosity of Western nations and the outpouring of support for Ukraine, McBryde raises the issue of equity in humanitarian aid distribution. He points out the stark difference in the level of international mobilization compared to conflicts in Yemen or Syria, suggesting that geographical proximity and cultural kinship play a role in shaping Western responses to humanitarian crises. He also critiques the tendency to deflect from the Ukrainian crisis by invoking other conflicts, arguing that each situation deserves individual attention and support.

Navigating Propaganda and Disinformation

McBryde and the host, Andy, discuss the challenges of discerning truth from propaganda in the context of the war, acknowledging the pervasiveness of disinformation from both Russian and Western sources. They express concern about the effectiveness of Russian propaganda, particularly its ability to exploit pre-existing discontent among certain segments of the left and right in Western nations. They also lament the left's response to the conflict, criticizing those who have uncritically embraced Russian narratives or downplayed the suffering of Ukrainians.

The Evolving Ukrainian Identity and the Role of Nationalism

McBryde describes his evolving understanding of Ukrainian identity and nationalism, acknowledging the flaws of Ukraine as a democracy while also recognizing the genuine desire for self-determination among its people. He notes that the conflict has fostered a sense of unity and solidarity among Ukrainians from diverse regions and linguistic backgrounds, setting aside historical divisions and prejudices. This newfound unity, he suggests, is rooted in a shared resistance to Russian aggression and a desire to break free from the legacy of Soviet domination.

The Blurring of Ideological Lines in Wartime

McBryde reflects on the complexities of war and its impact on individual beliefs and allegiances. He shares his personal struggle with grappling with the presence of far-right groups like the Azov Battalion within the Ukrainian resistance, admitting that he now finds himself hoping for their survival despite his previous opposition to their ideology. He attributes this shift to witnessing the shared sacrifices and camaraderie among Ukrainian fighters, regardless of their political affiliations.

McBryde describes the war as a "death of ideology," where pragmatism and survival often override pre-existing beliefs. He cites examples of anarchists fighting alongside members of the Azov Battalion and Jewish individuals finding themselves embedded with the same group due to the exigencies of the conflict. These unexpected alliances, he suggests, highlight the fluid and often unpredictable nature of war, where traditional ideological boundaries can become blurred.

The Lasting Impact of War and the Specter of Future Conflicts

McBryde concludes by emphasizing the profound and often messy consequences of war, both on individuals and societies. He warns that the conflict will have a lasting impact on Ukraine, leaving behind a legacy of trauma, division, and potentially, the glorification of groups like the Azov Battalion.

He also draws parallels between the Ukrainian conflict and the situation in Rojava, highlighting the complexities of navigating alliances with powerful actors like the United States, even when those actors are pursuing their own interests. McBryde expresses concern that the rise of resource wars and conflicts driven by climate change will present further challenges to the left, forcing individuals to confront difficult choices and grapple with the nuances of complex geopolitical realities.

The episode offers a firsthand perspective on the human cost of war and the challenges of providing aid in a conflict zone. McBryde's personal reflections provide a nuanced and thought-provoking exploration of the ethical dilemmas and the blurring of ideological lines that often accompany wartime. The conversation also raises important questions about the future of conflict in a world increasingly shaped by climate change and resource scarcity.

To support Charles's work getting medical supplies to citizens in need, visit: https://missionkharkiv.com/

For Charles's social medias, find him @CharlesMcBryde

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

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To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Naomi Burton, co-founder of Means TV, a worker-owned, anti-capitalist streaming service. The episode explores the origins of Means TV, its operational model, content creation strategies, and its role in building a left media ecosystem.

From Disillusionment to Action:

Naomi Burton shares her personal journey of disillusionment with her work in the corporate world, specifically in PR and social media strategy for General Motors, while simultaneously experiencing a political awakening towards communism. This growing disconnect between her labor and her values, coupled with the realization that she and her partner, a freelance film producer for GM, possessed the "means of production" within the company, sparked the idea of leveraging their skills for a purpose aligned with their politics.

This led to the creation of "Means of Production," a worker-owned production company that initially created ads for local unions, immigration groups, and socialist political candidates. The success of their ad for Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez brought them national attention and highlighted the effectiveness of their approach, which they attribute to their genuine belief in the messages they were conveying, unlike the "propaganda" they felt they had been creating for corporations.

The Birth of Means TV:

Building upon their experiences and growing audience, Burton and her partner conceived the idea of a "workaround" streaming service, free from corporate influence and advertising, funded by subscribers, and owned by the workers. They envisioned a platform where entertainment, inherently political, would reflect the perspectives and values of working people rather than perpetuating the status quo.

They launched a fundraising campaign, utilizing their existing social media presence, and successfully raised over $200,000. This funding enabled them to build the platform, license content, and begin producing original programming, including a news show, a sports show, and a video game show.

Growth and Evolution:

Two years after its launch, Means TV boasts a worker cooperative of 70 members and thousands of subscribers. The platform has expanded its original programming, transitioning the news show from a weekly to a daily format and creating unique series like "Seize the Memes" and "Preserving Worlds."

The episode discusses the diverse nature of content on Means TV, ranging from feature-length documentaries and movies to shorter, more informal content from YouTube creators who align with the platform's anti-capitalist values. The platform offers a space for creators whose content may be deemed controversial or unsuitable for mainstream platforms like YouTube, ensuring that it remains ad-free and accessible to viewers.

Challenging Traditional Media Models:

Burton highlights the differences between Means TV and traditional streaming services, particularly regarding the lack of rigid structures and the reliance on viewer feedback to shape content creation. This organic approach allows for flexibility and experimentation with formats, catering to a younger audience accustomed to consuming media through platforms like YouTube and TikTok.

The absence of advertising and corporate influence allows viewers to engage with the content without skepticism or the feeling of being manipulated. This, Burton argues, fosters a sense of trust and authenticity that is often lacking in mainstream media.

Building a Left Media Ecosystem:

The episode explores the broader vision of Means TV as part of a growing left media ecosystem, seeking to provide alternative perspectives and challenge the dominance of corporate-controlled media. Burton emphasizes that while all content on Means TV is anti-capitalist, it encompasses a range of viewpoints within that framework, from democratic socialists to communists and anarchists.

She expresses hope that Means TV can serve as a "gateway drug" for viewers, exposing them to diverse left-leaning perspectives and potentially shifting their understanding of societal issues.

Burton acknowledges the challenges of competing with well-funded, mainstream media outlets but emphasizes that Means TV's focus is on building a sustainable cooperative model that prioritizes fair wages and creative freedom for its workers. She sees collaboration with other like-minded media organizations, such as The Gravel Institute, as crucial to building a robust and impactful left media landscape.

The Power of Cooperation:

The episode concludes with a discussion about the challenges and rewards of building a worker cooperative in a capitalist system. Burton stresses the importance of finding like-minded individuals, starting small, and learning through experience. She emphasizes that the act of building a cooperative, regardless of the specific industry, is inherently revolutionary and offers a viable alternative to traditional hierarchical business models.

To check out MeansTV, visit them on social media or subscribe at https://means.tv

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

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To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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We chat with Dr. Anabel Ford, an American archaeologist specializing in the study of Mesoamerica, with a focus on the lowland Maya of Belize and Guatemala. She is recognized for her discovery of the ancient Maya city El Pilar. We chat about the role of the modern Milpa in contemporary society and the future they hold. We are also joined by Torres Master (Forest Gardener), Amor Obando (Master Forest Horticulturalist), Cynthia Ellis Topsey (Community Outreach Activist), and. Norden Martinez (Urban Forest Gardener).
 

To see and support Dr. Ford's work, please visit: https://exploringsolutionspast.org/
 

To buy Dr. Ford's book "The Maya Forest Garden: Eight Millennia of Sustainable Cultivation of the Tropical Woodlands" visit: https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/maya-forest-garden-anabel-ford/1120805401

 

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This episode expands upon the previous discussion of the Maya milpa system, focusing on the intricate relationships between humans, plants, and animals within this dynamic agroforestry practice. The hosts, Andy and Elliott, go beyond simply describing the system, highlighting the ecological and cultural wisdom embedded within it and exploring how it provides a model for sustainable living.

Beyond Basic Needs: The Akawal as a Managed Wildlife Area:

The episode emphasizes that the akawal, the successional stage following the active milpa cultivation period, plays a vital role beyond simply providing supplemental food and materials. It functions as a carefully managed wildlife area, attracting a diverse array of animals due to its abundance of food sources not readily found in the primary forest. This intentional attraction of wildlife creates a "semi-wild" population of animals that are more readily available for hunting, providing the Lacandon with a critical source of protein and fat.

The hosts underscore the nutritional importance of this arrangement, explaining that while fruit trees in the akawal provide valuable sugars and fiber, the primary drivers of human diets are protein and fat. Wild game offers these essential nutrients, creating a beneficial exchange where excess fruit from the akawal sustains animal populations that in turn provide the Lacandon with crucial dietary components. This strategy is particularly vital considering that corn, a staple crop in the milpa, while enhanced in protein quality when prepared as tortillas and supplemented with beans, remains deficient in certain amino acids.

Beyond the Milpa: The Importance of Primary Forest and Aquatic Resources:

The episode highlights the significance of primary forest beyond the milpa and akawal zones. While these unmanaged forests require no direct labor from the Lacandon, they harbor valuable resources such as fruits, timber, nuts, and resins. The hosts speculate on the possibility that the Lacandon, through generations of selective harvesting and management practices, have influenced the composition of these forests, subtly shaping them to favor the growth of desirable species.

The episode also touches upon the importance of aquatic environments in the Lacandon's subsistence system. These areas, enriched by nutrients leached from the forests and agricultural lands, provide essential protein-rich food sources, including fish, birds, reptiles, mollusks, and turtles. Beyond direct consumption, the hosts describe the Lacandon's use of river snail shells, burned and slated, in the preparation of corn tortillas. This practice not only enhances the digestibility of the corn but also introduces crucial calcium and trace minerals into their diet.

The Pet Kot System: Adapting to Challenging Environments:

The episode introduces the pet kot, a unique form of woodland modification practiced by the Lacandon in response to challenging environmental conditions. This technique involves creating raised areas within fields by accumulating stones, forming micro-environments that support tall stands of managed trees. These protected ecosystems, often contrasting starkly with the surrounding lower vegetation, provide shade, wind breaks, and enhanced moisture retention, crucial in arid zones where inconsistent rainfall can significantly impact crop yields. The pet kot serves as a testament to the Lacandon's ingenuity and ability to adapt their practices to specific ecological challenges.

Volcanic Insights: A Glimpse into Past Practices:

The episode points to the volcanic eruption that engulfed the village of Joya de Cerén in El Salvador around 600 AD as a valuable window into past milpa practices. The ashfall preserved the community, revealing extensive fields of corn and cassava, confirming the long-standing importance of these crops in the milpa system. The preservation of home gardens at Joya de Cerén also provides insight into plant placement strategies, with water-sensitive species like peppers and tomatoes clustered near dwellings.

Resilience and Adaptation: The Enduring Legacy of the Milpa:

The episode concludes by emphasizing the resilience of the milpa system and the Lacandon people, despite centuries of displacement and pressure from external forces. The hosts stress the importance of respecting and learning from the Lacandon's traditional ecological knowledge, recognizing the insights it offers for creating sustainable food systems that nourish both people and the planet.

The episode ends with a call for greater awareness and appreciation of the complexities and wisdom embedded within indigenous land management practices like the milpa system. It underscores the need to move beyond simplistic views of these systems, recognizing their dynamic nature and the constant adaptation they require in response to changing environmental and social conditions.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

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For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" focuses on the milpa system, a sophisticated agroforestry practice developed by the Lacandon Maya people of eastern Chiapas, Mexico. Hosts Andy and Elliott explore the intricacies of this system, highlighting its resilience, biodiversity, and the profound connection it fosters between humans and the natural world. The episode traces the evolution of the milpa in response to climatic shifts over thousands of years, emphasizing its adaptability and the insights it offers for sustainable land management in the face of ongoing environmental change.

A Landscape Shaped by Climate and Human Interaction:

The episode begins by setting the stage for understanding the milpa system within its environmental and historical context. The hosts explain how the tropical rainforests of Central America are a relatively recent phenomenon, emerging over the past 10,000 years as the climate shifted from a drier, temperate state to a wetter, warmer one. This transition, influenced by both natural forces and human activities, particularly the introduction of fire and plant domestication, led to the development of diverse ecosystems and the emergence of sophisticated land management practices.

The hosts highlight the significant variation in rainfall across the Maya region, with precipitation ranging from a mere 20 inches in the northwest Yucatan Peninsula to a staggering 160 inches in the southern reaches. This diversity of conditions, coupled with distinct wet and dry seasons, creates a complex mosaic of habitats, with wetlands comprising a substantial portion of the landscape.

The Milpa: A Symphony of Diversity and Succession:

The episode then introduces the milpa itself, describing it as a polyculture field—a tapestry of multiple plant species intentionally cultivated together. While maize reigns supreme in the milpa, as many as 20 to 30 additional species, both planted and naturally regenerating, contribute to its richness. This diversity mimics the surrounding forest ecosystem and ensures a continuous supply of food, materials, and medicines throughout the year.

Beyond the Milpa: Stages of Regeneration and Multi-Use Resources:

The milpa is not a static entity but rather a dynamic component of a larger cycle of forest succession. After several years of cultivation, the milpa transitions into the akawal stage, characterized by shrubs and bushes. The akawal serves as a source of food, materials, and habitat for wildlife before eventually evolving into secondary forest. This cyclical process, carefully managed by the Lacandon, allows for continuous production while promoting soil regeneration and biodiversity.

The episode emphasizes that the Lacandon prioritize clearing land within these regrowth areas rather than venturing into primary forest. This preference, rooted in both practicality and a deep respect for the ancient forests, demonstrates a conscious effort to minimize the impact on mature ecosystems while maximizing efficiency and yield. Clearing regrowth requires significantly less labor than tackling primary forest, further illustrating the practicality of this approach.

Harnessing Fire as a Tool for Regeneration:

The episode dives into the Lacandon’s masterful use of fire as a tool for land management. They employ a technique known as "wind tending," where specialists control the burn by working against prevailing winds, achieving a low-temperature, even burn that enriches the soil with charcoal and nutrients. This practice acknowledges the inherent nutrient limitations of rainforest soils and provides a critical boost for crop growth.

The Spiritual Dimension of Land Stewardship:

Importantly, the episode explores the spiritual underpinnings of the Lacandon’s relationship with the land. Their understanding of the natural world is deeply intertwined with their beliefs about morality and reciprocity. They recognize the interconnectedness of human actions and ecological consequences, and their practices reflect a profound respect for the spirits that inhabit the land and the importance of maintaining harmony within the community.

Ceremony and the Soul of Maize:

The episode highlights the crucial role of ceremony in the milpa cycle. Farmers conduct rituals of petition and thanksgiving, offering prayers and food before clearing, burning, and planting. These ceremonies acknowledge the spiritual dimension of agriculture and emphasize the concept of co-responsibility rather than domination over nature. The Lacandon believe that maize itself possesses a living spirit, the "soul of maize," which must be honored and respected to ensure a successful harvest.

The Role of Indicator Species and the Rhythm of Nature:

The Lacandon’s intimate knowledge of the forest extends to their use of indicator species to guide planting times. They observe the flowering patterns of specific trees in the surrounding primary forest, recognizing that these blooms signal optimal conditions for various crops. This reliance on natural cues rather than a rigid calendar reveals a deep understanding of ecological cycles and the ability to adapt to annual variations in weather patterns.

Layered Tubers and the Efficient Use of Space:

The episode culminates in a fascinating description of the Lacandon’s ingenious use of vertical space within the milpa. They cultivate multiple layers of root crops at varying depths, with taro and sweet potatoes occupying the upper layers, maniac deeper down, and yam tubers reaching even further into the earth. This technique optimizes the use of available space, water, and nutrients, showcasing a remarkable understanding of plant interactions and resource partitioning.

Community, Collaboration, and Knowledge Sharing:

The episode concludes by emphasizing the importance of community in maintaining the milpa system. Tasks like clearing, burning, and harvesting are traditionally carried out collaboratively, fostering a spirit of shared responsibility and knowledge transmission across generations. This communal approach contrasts with the individualistic model often associated with modern agriculture and underscores the social and ecological benefits of collective action.

The episode leaves listeners with a profound appreciation for the sophistication and resilience of the milpa system. It serves as a powerful reminder that sustainable land management requires a deep understanding of ecological processes, a willingness to adapt to changing conditions, and a profound respect for the interconnectedness of human communities and the natural world.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation between host Andy and Aaron Parker, a nurseryman and seed farmer from Edgewood Nursery. They discuss the concept of breeding and domesticating native plants, particularly focusing on their potential as food crops and their role in resilient ecosystems amidst climate change.

Exploring the Potential of Underutilized Native Plants: The conversation begins by highlighting the wealth of native plants that offer potential as food sources but remain underutilized or even forgotten. Aaron emphasizes the intersection of perennial vegetables and native plants, noting that many species often cultivated solely for their ecological benefits could also contribute to meeting human food needs. He cites examples like ground nuts (Apios americana) and Illinois bundleflower (Desmanthus illinoisensis) as plants with promising qualities that have been subject to limited or abandoned breeding efforts.

The Accessibility Challenge and the Role of Food Culture: The discussion then shifts to the challenge of making these less familiar native foods accessible to a wider audience. Andy acknowledges the need to move beyond simply promoting the historical presence of these plants in the landscape and instead find ways to integrate them into contemporary food culture. Aaron suggests that highlighting the harmony between human food production and ecological benefit could be a compelling approach. He uses common milkweed (Asclepius ceriaca), a plant valued for its role in supporting monarch butterflies, as an example of a species that also offers edible components at various stages. Engaging with innovative chefs and restaurants is also proposed as a way to introduce these novel ingredients and expand culinary possibilities.

Backyard Breeding and the First Steps to Domestication: The episode emphasizes the accessibility of plant breeding for even the average backyard gardener. Aaron encourages listeners to cultivate native plants and observe their traits, selecting seeds from individuals that exhibit desirable characteristics, such as exceptional flavor or yield. He draws a parallel to childhood experiments with sunflowers, where selecting the largest seed heads each year leads to a gradual shift in the population's traits. This simple act of selection, repeated over generations, represents the fundamental principle of domestication.

Balancing Selection Pressure and Genetic Diversity: Aaron shares his approach to breeding, noting that he prefers making less drastic selections to maintain a broader gene pool and avoid unintended consequences that can arise from pushing a population through a genetic bottleneck. He explains that observing plants over multiple years and in various environmental conditions is crucial, as a plant that thrives in one year might not perform as well under different conditions.

The Evolving Relationship Between Humans and Plants: The conversation touches on the delicate balance between domestication and preserving the wild character of native plants. Aaron describes his practice of establishing diverse gene pools from locally sourced material, allowing him to observe and make decisions about whether to maintain the original genetics, select for specific traits, or pursue a split approach where both wild and domesticated populations are preserved.

Climate Change and the Urgency of Adaptation: The episode underscores the impact of climate change on plant selection and breeding strategies. Aaron notes the need to consider plants' adaptability to increasingly warmer summers and less predictable winters. He shares his focus on species that can tolerate both extreme cold snaps and extended periods of high temperatures. The example of figs, a traditionally warmer-climate fruit, is discussed, with both Andy and Aaron sharing their experiences with pushing the boundaries of hardiness and exploring the potential for figs to thrive in colder regions in the future.

Highlighting Specific Plants and Breeding Goals: Aaron delves into specific native plant species that hold particular interest for him, including:

• Pawpaws (Asimina triloba): He sees pawpaws as a promising tree crop for a future with hotter summers, noting their ability to withstand brief cold snaps while thriving in warm conditions.
• Appios (Apios americana): He acknowledges the existing recognition of appios' potential as a food crop and points to the historical evidence of its cultivation by Indigenous peoples.
• Hickories and Pecans (Carya spp.): He emphasizes the diversity within these nut-bearing trees and the evidence of past human selection, suggesting opportunities to rediscover and enhance desirable traits.
• Helianthus stromosus (Woodland Sunflower): He describes his experience with breeding this sunflower relative, showcasing the potential to select for more manageable tuber growth habits while maintaining its ecological benefits.

The Vision of a Future with Native Food Crops: The episode concludes with a discussion of the long-term vision for integrating these native plants into the food system. While acknowledging the challenges, Aaron expresses optimism about the possibility of these crops becoming a meaningful part of people's diets. He emphasizes the resilience of many of these species and their potential role in creating a more sustainable and ecologically sound food production system. Andy draws a comparison to the craft beer movement, suggesting that connecting native foods to specific places and highlighting their unique connection to the local landscape could enhance their appeal and cultural significance.

The Importance of Biodiversity and Specialist Relationships: The conversation concludes by emphasizing the ecological value of native plants, particularly their role in supporting specialized insect species that rely on these long-established relationships. Aaron highlights the contrast between native plants and more recently introduced species, noting that while the latter might provide nectar and pollen, they often lack the intricate co-evolutionary connections that underpin a healthy and resilient ecosystem.

Climate Change as a Driver of Selection and Assisted Migration: The final segment addresses the accelerating pace of climate change and its implications for plant selection and management. Aaron acknowledges that certain boreal species currently present in his region might not be viable in the long term. However, he sees an opportunity to assist the migration of species from warmer regions, such as pawpaws and spicebush, that are likely to thrive as the climate shifts. He advocates for a broad approach to planting and observation, allowing natural selection to guide the process while also actively promoting species that show promise for adapting to the changing conditions.

Check out Edgewood nursery at: https://edgewood-nursery.com/

Check out the Propaganda by the Seed podcast wherever you get your podcasts!

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

 

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" focuses on the Adena, an ancient Indigenous society that flourished in the Ohio River Valley region of North America around 3,000 years ago. The hosts, Andy and Elliott, discuss the Adena's unique burial practices, their role in the Eastern Agricultural Complex (EAC), and the insights their story offers into sustainable food systems and social organization.

A Society Defined by Monumental Burials and Egalitarian Principles: The Adena are best known for their distinctive earthen burial mounds, which served not only as graves but also as monumental structures that reflected their worldview and social bonds. These mounds, often aligned with astronomical events, suggest a sophisticated understanding of the cosmos and a commitment to communal labor and ritual practices.

Despite the complexity of these constructions, there is no evidence of a hierarchical social structure within Adena society. The hosts explore the concept of heterarchy, a system where leadership is fluid and situational, based on individual skills and circumstances rather than inherited power or status. Individuals gained temporary authority based on their expertise and accountability to the group, with power shifting and evolving over time. This system ensured that no one individual or group could hold power indefinitely, promoting a more egalitarian and adaptable society.

The Adena and the Dawn of Agriculture in Eastern North America: The episode places the Adena within the context of the Eastern Agricultural Complex (EAC), a significant center of early plant domestication in North America. The hosts emphasize that the Adena were not simply passive recipients of domesticated crops but actively participated in the process of selecting and cultivating plants that thrived in their region.

Hickory Nuts to Seeds: A Dietary Shift and its Implications: Archaeological evidence reveals a gradual shift in the Adena diet from a reliance on hickory nuts to a more diverse mix of seeds, particularly maygrass. This transition, occurring around 1,000 years ago, coincided with the introduction of corn to the region. Interestingly, corn did not immediately become a staple crop, taking another thousand years to adapt to the northern climate and dominate Adena agriculture. The hosts speculate on the reasons for this dietary shift, considering factors like changing forest composition due to anthropogenic fire, the potential advantages of seed-based crops, and the evolving relationship between the Adena and their environment.

Domestication Through Observation and Environmental Manipulation: The episode provides a detailed look at the domestication process, using erect knotweed as an example. This plant naturally produces two seed types: smooth seeds with thin coats that germinate quickly and rough seeds with thicker coats that can survive longer in the seed bank. The hosts explain how the Adena likely observed these traits and, through careful seed selection and the creation of favorable growing conditions, encouraged the dominance of the smooth, faster-growing variety. By understanding the plant's natural adaptations and manipulating their environment, the Adena were able to accelerate the domestication process, potentially reducing the time frame from a thousand years to a few hundred.

The Role of Bison and Fire in Shaping the Landscape: The episode introduces the concept of "anthropogenic niches" – ecosystems shaped by human activities. The hosts explain how the Adena, through controlled burning practices, created favorable conditions for fire-tolerant species like black walnut trees, which thrived in the disturbed soils along riverbanks. They also discuss the impact of bison, highlighting recent research that suggests these animals played a significant role in creating early successional habitats where the progenitors of many EAC crops flourished. The presence of bison, along with anthropogenic fire and floodplains, contributed to a dynamic and diverse landscape that supported the Adena's agricultural practices.

Rewilding and the Legacy of the Adena: The episode concludes with a reflection on the implications of the Adena story for contemporary discussions about rewilding and sustainable land management. The hosts acknowledge the complexity of these issues, raising questions about what constitutes an "original" ecosystem and whether the eventual decline of the Adena society diminishes the value of their practices. They emphasize the importance of learning from the past and recognizing that human societies and ecosystems are constantly evolving, urging listeners to consider the long-term ecological and social impacts of our actions.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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Scott Nearing is another name that likely hasn’t reached most folks’ ears who may be searching for leaders in the agriculture-socialist-homesteader space, but Scott’s career spanned a wide and varied path from academics to activism to homesteading. His life was as diverse as it was long, and much of what we know from the counterculture movement of the 70s that centered on self-sufficiency stemmed from his specific brand.

 

However, Nearing's politics and identity as a class traitor is a bit more complex than it appears on the surface, and we explore how Scott's positions evolved and what new evidence suggests about his vision of "living the good life".

 

 

To read about Scott Nearing's contributions to history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/scott-nearing

 

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For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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We talk with Dr. Sophie Chao from the University of Sydney's Department of Anthropology to talk about the evolution of indigenous resistance within Indonesia. What has made indigenous resistance in this region more effective than in many other places in the world, and what can we learn from it elsewhere? Further, how is food used as a tool for colonialism-- what Dr. Chao describes as gastrocolonialism.

Dr. Sophie Chao's research investigates the intersections of capitalism, ecology, Indigeneity, health, and justice in the Pacific region. Sophie Chao previously worked for Indigenous rights organization Forest Peoples Programme in Indonesia. Her current DECRA project explores the diverse perceptions, practices, and knowledges surrounding human-kangaroo relations in Australia. For more information, please visit www.morethanhumanworlds.com.

For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

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For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

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Key Words:

Indigenous Rights, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Government, Corporate Interests, Displacement, Environmental Degradation, Activism, Legal Reform, Consent, Land Projects, Equitable Participation, Indigenous Peoples, Legal Battles, Grassroots Resistance, International Mechanisms, Customary Laws, West Papua, Gastrocolonialism, Traditional Foodways, Ecosystems, Monocrop Plantations, Subsistence Practices, Deforestation, Introduced Foods, Resilience, Land Management, Ethical Dilemmas, Colonization, Food Sovereignty, Cultural Transformation, Generational Conflicts, Indigenous Activists, Forests, Multi-Species Ecosystems, Consumer Awareness, Structural Reforms, Anthropologists, Colonial Legacies, Ethical Storytelling, Allyship, Football, Wisdom, Research, Believe Network, Rate, Review, Subscribe

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This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" focuses on the Dayak people of Borneo and their intricate forest management system known as "shifting cultivation." The hosts, Andy and Elliott, discuss the system's longevity, resilience, and adaptation to the challenging tropical environment. They also explore the threats posed by deforestation, mining, and the misapplication of modern agricultural concepts like permaculture.

Shifting Cultivation: A Sustainable Approach to Tropical Agriculture The episode clarifies that "Dayak" is an umbrella term encompassing over 200 distinct tribes scattered across Borneo. While practices vary, the common thread is their sustainable management of hilly, upland forests for thousands of years. Shifting cultivation is central to their approach. This involves clearing small plots of land, cultivating crops like rice for a few years, and then allowing the forest to regenerate while moving on to a new plot.

This system is not simply about planting and harvesting. The Dayak people have a deep understanding of the ecological processes at play, carefully selecting plots based on soil suitability and natural signs, and conducting ceremonies to acknowledge the forest's life-giving role. The burning of vegetation is used to quickly return nutrients to the typically poor tropical soils, making them suitable for short-term cultivation.

A Diverse and Interconnected System The Dayak forest farming system extends far beyond rice cultivation. It is characterized by:

• Dibbling: A planting technique that places rice seeds below the saline topsoil, improving germination rates.
• Intercropping: Planting a variety of crops like cassava, bananas, and sweet potatoes alongside rice, mimicking the natural diversity of the forest and providing multiple food sources.
• Pest Management: Utilizing natural deterrents like specific flowers to confuse pests and companion planting to protect valuable crops from rodents.
• Family Rice Varieties: Each family cultivates its own unique rice variety passed down through generations, representing their connection to their ancestry and the land.

Beyond the Rice Fields: Managing Forest Succession After the rice fields are left fallow, the Dayak people actively manage the forest regeneration process. They understand the different stages of forest succession and utilize each stage for specific resources, including:

• Early Succession: Harvesting fast-growing species for firewood, charcoal, and building materials.
• Mid-Succession: Gathering edible bamboo shoots, rattan, and fruits from emerging fruit trees.
• Late Succession: Utilizing mature forests for hunting, collecting fruits from species like durian trees, and allowing the ecosystem to return to its primary forest state.

This cyclical approach ensures a continuous supply of diverse food and materials while maintaining the overall health of the forest ecosystem. The Importance of Community and Shared Resources The Dayak people's communal living in longhouses fosters collaboration and sharing. This extends to land use and resource management, with individuals specializing in managing different types of plots, such as fruit gardens or rattan plantations, based on their skills and interests. This communal approach emphasizes reciprocity and ensures the community's collective well-being. Modern Threats to a Traditional Way of Life While the Dayak system has proven resilient over millennia, the 20th and 21st centuries have brought new challenges:

• Deforestation: Large-scale logging operations, fueled by demand for timber and driven by unsustainable policies, have devastated vast swathes of Borneo's forests.
• Mining: The extraction of gold and other minerals, often controlled by foreign corporations, has resulted in environmental damage from cyanide leaching and the dumping of toxic waste.
• Plantation Forests: The introduction of fast-growing, non-native tree species has disrupted natural ecosystems and depleted soil fertility.

These practices threaten the delicate balance of the Dayak system and the livelihoods of the indigenous communities who rely on it. Reclaiming Traditional Knowledge in the Face of Climate Change As the detrimental effects of unsustainable practices become increasingly evident, there is a growing recognition of the value of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). The hosts express hope that this newfound interest goes beyond lip service and leads to genuine efforts to learn from and support indigenous communities in managing their lands sustainably. Key Takeaways: The episode highlights the Dayak people's deep understanding of their environment and their ability to create a complex, sustainable system that provides for their needs while maintaining ecological integrity. The Dayak system stands as a model for sustainable land management, particularly in challenging tropical environments. It underscores the importance of:

• Adapting to local conditions: Utilizing specific practices suited to the unique challenges of tropical soils and climate.
• Valuing diversity: Embracing a variety of plant and animal species to enhance ecosystem resilience.
• Prioritizing long-term sustainability: Considering the ecological impacts of resource extraction and management decisions.
• Respecting traditional knowledge: Recognizing and learning from indigenous communities' deep understanding of their environments.

The episode emphasizes the urgency of addressing the threats posed by deforestation, mining, and unsustainable agricultural practices to preserve the Dayak way of life and protect the invaluable ecological services provided by Borneo's forests.

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

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For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

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Join us as we engage with the insightful Dr. Lynn Hunsinger, a distinguished authority in range ecology and management from the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Hunsinger illuminates our understanding of the intriguing connections between California's oak woodlands and Spain's Dehesas. Through her expertise and reflections from her book, "Mediterranean Oak Woodland Working Landscapes," we explore the cultural and ecological dimensions of these Mediterranean landscapes. Our conversation reveals collaborative research efforts that span continents, shedding light on the management tactics and inherent resilience of these vital ecosystems.

Our journey takes us through the historical and contemporary use of land in California and Spain, drawing parallels and contrasts in their ecological narratives. From the impact of natural water courses to the significant role of indigenous land management, we uncover how these practices have shaped the oak woodlands. We also delve into agricultural challenges and triumphs, reflecting on the delicate balance necessary for sustainable rangeland management. Together with Dr. Hunsinger, we examine how these landscapes have been molded by past practices and what lessons they hold for the future, particularly in the face of climate change.

We then navigate the intricate world of grazing practices, spotlighting the distinctive approach of acorn-fed pigs in Spain compared to California's agricultural dynamics. Our discussion pivots to the implications of non-native grasses on local biodiversity and the potential of historical management techniques, such as grazing and fire, to restore native plant environments. In contemplating the future, we weigh the resilience of oak woodlands against the challenges posed by modern ecological pressures. This episode promises a rich tapestry of insights and revelations for anyone interested in the sustainable management of our natural landscapes.

For more of Dr. Huntsinger's work, visit the website for the Huntsinger Lab:

https://nature.berkeley.edu/huntsingerlab-wp/

For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org

To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac

For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org

For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com

For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com

For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org

To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Key words:

Range Ecology, Management, California, Oak Woodlands, Spain, Dehesas, Mediterranean Landscapes, Collaborative Research, Indigenous Land Management, Sustainable Rangeland Management, Grazing Practices, Acorn-fed Pigs, Non-Native Grasses, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Water Availability, Native Species, Grassland Management, Dining, Fashion, Chicken Big Mac

 

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