In this episode, Dr. Elana Stein Hain examines a unique pair of responsa by the Rambam (no. 160-161, Mechon Yerushalayim Ed.), which present a harrowing marital dispute from two opposing perspectives - one from the wife's point of view and the other from the husband's. By analyzing these two teshuvos, Dr. Stein Hain gets to the deeper meaning of the place for legal workarounds (ha'aramos) and how they actually help by maintaining the integrity of the halachic system.

Dr. Elana Stein Hain is author of Circumventing the Law: Rabbinic Perspectives on Loopholes and Legal Integrity (30% discount: use PENN-ESHAIN30 at checkout) and host of the bi-weekly podcast TEXTing, where ancient wisdom meets contemporary relevance. She gives a weekly online shiur on halakhic concepts called Din and Daf and serves as Rosh Beit Midrash at the Shalom Hartman Institute of North America. She and her family are privileged to spend this year living in Israel.

In addition to his sha'atnez expertise, our guest, Rabbi Yirmiyah Moldovan, is a sofer, shochet, ba'al kriah, and ba'al tokeah. Through the prism of Igros Moshe (Y.D. 1:72), he delves into the obscure world of sha'atnez, exploring both the halachic issues and practical methods for determining which clothing ACTUALLY needs to be tested for the prohibited wool/linen admixture. 

To request Rabbi Moldovan's Sha'atnez and STa"M services, please email: rymoldovan@gmail.com

Join us for a fascinating journey through the intersection of Jewish history, copyright law, and community politics in our latest episode, "Printing Press Politics: Investigating the Mishneh Torah Copyright Controversy". Dr. Tamara Morsel-Eisenberg, a renowned expert in Jewish studies, joins us to delve into the contentious debate surrounding the reprinting of Maimonides' monumental work, the Mishneh Torah - as addressed by the Rema (responsum no. 10). From the printing presses of 16th-century Italy to modern-day copyright disputes, we explore how this controversy reflects deeper tensions between ownership, accessibility, and the public good. With Dr. Morsel-Eisenberg's insightful guidance, we uncover the complex dynamics shaping the future of Jewish publishing and the dissemination of Torah knowledge.

Bio: Dr. Tamara Morsel-Eisenberg is assistant professor of Jewish History at NYU's Skirball Department for Hebrew and Judaic Studies. She specializes in the cultural and intellectual history of early modern Ashkenaz, especially the history of halakha, and is interested in how knowledge, law, and history interact. Dr. Morsel-Eisenberg has held fellowships at the Leo Baeck Institute, the Center for Jewish History, and Harvard. She has written numerous articles on early modern halakha and the transmission of knowledge in academic journals, including the Journal for the History of Ideas, AJS Review, Diné Israel and Critical Inquiry, as well as more popular outlets such as Tablet magazine and the Lehrhaus. Starting in Spring 2025, Dr. Morsel-Eisenberg will be teaching at Tel Aviv University.

To view the Mishneh Torah 1550 Justiniani Title Page referenced in the episode, please click here.

In this episode, Rabbi Shimon Altshul joins us to delve into a captivating responsum of the Chasam Sofer (Y.D., no. 45), one of the most influential Jewish scholars of the 18th/19th century. We explore a kashrus controversy that rocked his community, where a debate over the potentially treif status of much of their food threatened to tear the community apart. Rabbi Altshul masterfully unpacks the Chasam Sofer's nuanced approach, as he navigated the delicate balance between upholding stringent standards and addressing the practical needs of his community. Through this fascinating case study, we gain insight into the Chasam Sofer's leadership, his commitment to halakhic excellence, and why he became immortalized as one of the greatest poskim of the recent centuries. 

In this episode, Rabbi Yossi Kamman joins us to explore a fascinating responsum (Likutei Sichos, Vol. 16, p. 518) of the Lubavitcher Rebbe (R. Menachem Mendel Schneerson) against scheduling elective surgeries within a few days of Shabbos. Rabbi Kamman presents us with an insightful profile of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, his approach to halachah, and what made him unique and so widely renowned. A synopsis of this topic, can be found in Rabbi Kamman's publication, a A Chassidisher Derher.

This episode is sponsored by Lev Podelko in honor of the upcoming 30th wedding anniversary of his parents Marina and Dr. Alexander Podelko.

We attended the Rabbinical Council of America Conference 2024 and did some rapid fire interviews with many of the rabbis who were present. They were given a few minutes to share their favorite responsa and which topic they (in theory or in practice) would write a teshuva about. 

Order of guests: 

Rabbi Mark Dratch

Rabbi Jordan Aurebach

Rabbi Maury Kelman

Rabbi Yitzchak Sprung

Rabbi Shlomo Weissman

Rabbi Shlomo Yaffe

Rabbi Yosef Zvi Rimon

In this episode, we're joined by Rabbanit Ayelet Schlesinger for a fascinating exploration of a recurring question: What happens when minhag (custom) conflicts with halacha (Jewish law)? Using the case study of Friday Night Kiddush, we delve into how three responsa - Yachin U'Boaz (1:118), Or Zarua (Vol. 1, Responsum no. 752), and Yabia Omer (1:15) - addressed this tension. From the debates of the Talmud to the insights of modern poskim, Rabbanit Schlesinger guides us through the complex interplay between tradition and law. Join us for a thought-provoking conversation on the dynamics of minhag and halacha, and how they shape our Jewish practices.

May later generations disagree with their predecessors? Can religious authority be controlled by a specific locale? Our guest, Rabbi Shmuel Phillips addresses these questions and distills several fundamental lessons from a lesser known responsum of the Rambam (Iggeres no. 18).

More info and the best links for buying his books are at www.TalmudReclaimed.com.

Should I Study Biblical Criticism?
In this episode, we provide a glimpse into the complex and often contentious world of Biblical criticism, exploring how two prominent theological schools of thought - Conservative and Orthodox - approach the study of our holy Torah. While both sides affirm the general authority of the Bible, they diverge sharply on the role of historical and cultural context, the relationship between human and Divine authorship, and the implications of scholarly inquiry for faith and practice. 

To illustrate this, our guest, Rabbi Steven Gotlib, presents a responsum from Conservative scholar R. Prof. David Golinkin and contrasts it with Rabbi Jonathan Sack's letter to Rabbi Louis Jacobs (author of Theology in the Responsa).   

Let us know if you liked our exploration of this unique teshuva topic in the comments. Enjoy!

In this episode, we explore the Rambam's Iggeres Teiman (Epistle to Yemen) - a powerful and poignant letter written to the Jewish community of Yemen around the year 1173/1174. Our guest, Rabbi Chezkie Glatt explains how the letter offers words of comfort, encouragement, and hope in the face of heresy and hardship. We provide a general survey of the document to understand the Rambam's message of resilience and faith, and its enduring message for today.

It's finally here! In this episode, we go through YOUR reactions to previous episodes of the podcast and much more! God willing, we will return with more regular episodes following Pesach.

Links to references made in the episode:

1) Support the Podcast / Sponsor an Episode - Eichlers Registry.

2) Igros Moshe Series with Tradition Online.

3) Challenging Assumptions (Mosaica Press, 2023) on Amazon.

4) Rabbi Moshe Kurtz's general website.

5) Email for speaking requests and general inquiries: rabbikurtz@cas-stamford.org

The Mishnah (Beitzah 36b) forbids dancing and clapping on Shabbos/Yom Tov. How do we make sense of the many ostensibly observant people, including Torah scholars, who appear to disregard this explicit stricture? R. Dr. Zvi Leshem, an expert in Chassidic thought, breaks down the unique approach of the Minchas Elazar (1:29) who argues that dancing on Shabbos/Yom tov is not just permissible...it's a mitzvah!

A special thanks to Mr. Ben Rothke for his help with making this episode a reality.

In this episode, we sit down with Rabbi Asher Bush, a contemporary posek (Jewish legal authority), who offers a unique glimpse into the mind of a modern halachic decisor. Rabbi Bush shares his experiences and insights on how he navigates the complex challenges of the modern world while rendering halachic decisions. We touch on a host of topics from his responsa, Shoel B'Shlomo, including Health, Shabbos, Kashrus and Eretz Yisrael. 

Rabbi Bush's sefer can be purchased here:

https://oupress.org/product/shoel-bshlomo/

Are animals permitted in the synagogue? What if they provide a service, such as guiding those who are blind? R. Dan Margulies, a former service dog trainer, provides a unique glimpse into R. Moshe Feinstein's iconic responsum (Igros Moshe, O.C. 1:45 on the topic, and a critical data point that many of his detractors were missing.

What happens when someone cannot afford to do Yibum but insists on it? What happens when the widow is Ashkenazic and the Yavam is Sephardic? Does it make a difference whether the rabbis are Ashkenazic or Sephardic? Should the mother/mother-in-law's opinion count? In this episode, Mr. Gedaliah Wielgus, who teaches "Shu"T al haDaf", shares with us a head-spinning responsum of the Beis Yosef (Yibum v'Chalitzah, no. 2) and how he addressed the questions listed above and much more! To listen to his previous shiurim, please click here.

Why do we seem to pray for rain at the wrong times? Can we adjust the dates for V'sein Tal U'matar? Who even came up with setting December 4th/5th as a day of halachic significance? Rabbi Elli Fischer shares with us a radical ruling of the Rosh (Responsum 4:10) on this topic and its intriguingly fraught reception. Rabbi Fischer's very own translation of this responsum can be found on Sefaria. Please note his more recently updated bio: Rabbi Elli Fischer is an independent writer, translator, and rabbi. Previously, he was the JLIC rabbi and campus educator at the University of Maryland. He holds BA and MS degrees from Yeshiva University, rabbinical ordination from Israel’s Chief Rabbinate, and is working toward a doctorate in Jewish History.  He is a founding editor of The Lehrhaus, a web magazine of contemporary Jewish thought. His original writing has appeared in numerous Jewish publications. Among the issues he writes about are the history of halakhah; religion and politics in Israel; the interplay between legal and nonlegal elements of the Talmud; and Central European Jewish History. He edited ten volumes of Rabbi Eliezer Melamed’s Peninei Halakha series in English and is a cofounder of HaMapah, a project that applies quantitative analysis to rabbinic literature.

In the lead up to Pesach, Rabbi Moses Haber unpacks a seminal responsum of Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Da'as 1:11) to clarify how many Sephardim obviate potential mixtures of chametz and to highlight Rav Yosef's programmatic approach to the development of Sephardic halachic-public-policy.

This episode is dedicated in memory of Rose Nuni Dayan.

Rabbi Zachary Beer presents one of the most iconic responsa of the Rema (no. 125) about performing a marriage on shabbos in extenuating circumstances and what it means for broader halachic methodology.

This episode is dedicated liyuli nishmas Yitzchak Elimelech ben Akiva Ze’ev by his family.

Rabbi Drew Kaplan, an aficionado in all things Torah & alcohol related, uncorks a controversial responsum of the Rema (no. 124) about the tenuous permissibility of Stam Yeinam.

In this episode, we go back to one of the earliest examples of responsa literature: The Siddur of Rav Amram Gaon. Yosef Lindell provides us with a framework for understanding the fluidity and development the Haggadah and uses it as a case study in understanding the development of Jewish liturgy, from the ancient Talmuds to the Rabbanite-Karaite controversies, Ashkenazic-Sephardic divergences and much more! The text for the responsum can be found here: https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=43020&st=&pgnum=82

From Ancient Persia to Medieval France, Rabbi Avi Hoffman provides a halachic and historical framework for understanding the role of alcohol throughout the ages. In particular, we focus on Rav Avraham ben Yitzchak M'Narbonah (Teshuvos HaRa'Avi ABa"D, no. 149), and how he ruled in a case of negligent homicide committed while under the influence. 

May a medical student observe a surgery performed on Shabbos? What about a common person who wants to observe it out of curiosity or "entertainment"? R' Yaakov Wolff, host of Shtark Tank, unpacks a responsum from Rav Yaakov Emden (She'ailas Ya'avetz, no. 41) on this topic and contextualizes it within the broader literature.

Check out the Shtark Tank podcast here: https://open.spotify.com/show/34xll8GhTfu1BiRdhb8AyR?si=nkZT9JV5T8mvliMIxgIC0g

In this episode, Rabbi Daniel Sayani presents two diametrically opposed traditions of approaching Taharah and other post-mortem religious practices. The Mystical/Sephardic approach found in Responsa Yaskil Avdi (Y.D. 4:24) and the pragmatic/"litvishe" approach espoused by the Igros Moshe (Y.D. 3:135-137). We discuss the later innovation of dipping the deceased into the mikvah and what such practices mean theologically and economically for the common Jew.

What happens when a posek steps into the realm of history? Rabbi Dr. Jacob J. Schacter, one of today's leading Jewish scholars, assesses the historical claims advanced in a late responsum of R. Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe, Y.D. 4:57:11) against instituting new fast days. R. Dr. Schacter raises several fundamental questions that arise from R. Feinstein's analysis. Chief among them - what happens when a halacha appears to be predicated on a historical error? 

In the lead up to Purim, R. Gil Student analyzes a pivotal responsum of the Maharik (no. 167) regarding an inadvertent infidelity, what we can learn from Esther, and its implications for post-Talmudic hermeneutics. (As the title indicates, we discuss some sensitive topics so listeners' discretion is advised.)

At the end of this episode, Rabbi Student reveals his latest groundbreaking initiative: TorahApp (thetorahapp.org).

Rav Nachum Rabinovitch zt"l was one of the great Israeli poskim of recent memory. In this episode we welcome a talmid of his, Rabbi Yitzchak Sprung, who shares one of his rebbe's responsa (Siach Nachum, no. 30) about shaving and uses it to profile Rav Rabinovitch's unique approach to paskening halacha.

A person can always repent and completely atone for their previous sins, right? In the cases of a penitent ex-follower of Shabbtai Tzvi and a previous "worshipper" of Hindu deities we see that this matter is not so simple.

Rabbi Mordechai Becher, Jewish historian and lecturer, provides us with a remarkable responsum of the Chacham Tzvi (no. 13) and the Noda B'Yehudah (O.C. 2:10) which weigh the individual and communal factors involved in welcoming back such individuals as full members of the synagogue community.

In this episode, Rabbi Michael Freund, a scholar, previous member of the Netanyahu administration, and father of sons serving in the IDF, discusses the religious significance of the land of Gaza, and what it means for the broader Land of Israel.

We explore a teshuvah of Rabbi Yaakov Ariel, published by the Machon Torah V'Ha'aretz (cf. Responsa B'Ohalah shel Torah 4:7), who expounds on this topic prior to the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.

May someone who subscribes to a stringent halachic position ask someone else to be his "shabbos goy"? Our guest, Rabbi Mark Glass unpacks a responsum of the Minchas Asher (1:11) to help us understand the difference between stringencies that result from a pious practice versus principled disregard for other opinions.

Recently, we looked at R. Shlomo Wahrman's opposition to women reciting Kaddish. In this episode, we welcome Shalhevet Cahana who addresses the Chavos Yair (no. 222), Teshuvah m'Ahava (2:229) and R. Yosef Eliyahu Henkin (HaPardes, Year 38, Issue 6) - and also shares her personal experience with reciting Kaddish. (See also Igros Moshe O.C. 512:2 for a passing observation about women coming into the men's section to recite kaddish as an age-old practice. Credit to R. Yonah Gross for pointing this out.)

In this episode R. Daniel Mann contrasts a personal letter of R. Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (v'Aleihu Lo Yibol, p. 268) with how it is presented in Halichos Shlomo (Krias HaTorah 12:24) to address how concerned we should be for understanding Hebrew grammar by and what it means for the responsible application of Responsa Literature writ large.

How many people can say that their high school rebbe was a gadol b'Torah (first-rate Torah scholar)? This was the case in HANC (Hebrew Academy of Nassau County) in which our guest, R. Eli Slomnicki - who now serves as the principal of the upper school - had the privilege of learning under Rav Shlomo Wahrman zt"l for many years. In this episode, we learn a piece he published on women reciting Kaddish (She'aris Yosef 2:60) and unpack the essence of this hidden gem of a scholar.

Are Zebu kosher? Wait, what's a Zebu?

In this episode, R. Binyomin Fishman breaks down a disagreement between The Chazon Ish (Hilchos Beheima v'Chaya, no. 11) and R. Yisroel Belsky (Responsa Shulchan HaLevi 1:19) on the nature of Zebu, Bison and other marvelous animals - and what their kashrus status means for the broader question of how we determine normative halachic practice.

To find out more about R. Fishman's projects or for information about speaking arrangements, he can be contacted at his email which will be included in the show notes (bfishmanderech@gmail.com).

In this episode we explore whether there is a case to be made for coeducation in our Yeshivos and Jewish Day Schools. We open up with two (of several) responsa from Igros Moshe (Y.D. 2:104 and 4:28) and contrast it with a lesser known letter from Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik. This is a special episode in which we are joined by two guests, Messrs. Michael Feldstein and Joseph Kaplan - both longtime observers and writers about the development of Orthodoxy in America.

Mr. Feldstein's book, "Meet Me in the Middle," can be purchased here: https://meet-me-in-the-middle-book.com/

Mr. Kaplan's book, A Passionate Writing Life, can be purchased here: https://www.judaicahouse.net/passionate-writing-life

In this episode, Rabbi Chaim Metzger explores the groundbreaking halachic rulings of Rav Shlomo Goren, a pioneer and previous Chief Rabbi of the Israeli Defense Forces, based on his sefer Meishiv Milchamah (no. 2). Through an analysis of Rav Goren's innovative rulings, Rabbi Metzger reveals how he navigated complex issues facing both the Israeli military and civilian life. His scholarly, yet controversial rulings have impacted the reception of his books, which we discuss toward the end of the show.

Should a Jew care so much about material possessions? Ethical discourses generally emphasize the significance of money, but many halachic sources point to the importance of respecting one's property. R. Yitzchok Oratz focuses on a remarkable responsum of the Binyan Tzion (1:167) to infer how a Jew should think about protests that turn violent.

See also, his article in the Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society (Issue: LXXVI, p. 165), "Property Values: Rabbinic Ruminations on Property and Protest, Racism and Riots."

What should family life look like post-conversion? R. Zvi Romm shares a bittersweet responsum from Igros Moshe (Y.D. 2:130) in which R. Moshe Feinstein argues that it may not only be permissible for a convert to maintain a relationship with their biological parents, but a mitzvah.

At the time of this recording the State of Israel faces a hostage crisis on an unprecedented scale. R. Johnny Solomon shares a responsum from Aseh Lecha Rav (7:53) who argues that state-based-needs require state-based-solutions - and what that means for the broader genre of responsa literature. Our prayer is that this discussion be rendered l'drosh u'likabeil sechar - purely theoretical - speedily in our days.

In many Ashkenazi communities, a tallis gadol has become a symbol of adulthood, putting many single, male adults in a jarring position when they see men far younger than themselves donning a tallis purely by dint of marriage. The challenge becomes compounded for a single Rabbi who finds himself leading a congregation and - as the most religious figure in the room - appears to be missing an essential part of the ceremonial garb.

In this episode, R. Noah Marlowe breaks down a responsum of R. Chaim Dovid HaLevi (Aseh Lecha Rav 3:1) to determine whether there is room for new interpretations.

Sources here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1W5C7ZeOykqEaSagGdhtEBL6IUEQIXsPG8gHQcwCV9K8/edit

Is davening too long or do we not appreciate it enough? In this episode R. Pesach Sommer distills a responsum of R. Dovid Tzvi Hoffman (Melamed L'Hoil, no. 12) regarding a request to revoke the prayer leader's repetition of the Amida, and its implications for how we relate to prayer writ large.

What happens when a revered Torah figure writes something that goes against the basic tenets of our faith?

In this episode, R. Dr. Shlomo Zuckier unpacks how recent Torah giants such as R. Moshe Feinstein's (Igros Moshe Y.D. 3:114-115) and R. Menashe Klein (Mishneh Halachos 12:214) reckoned with an alarming commentary of R. Yehuda HaChassid and whether his work would be better off never seeing the light of day.

In recent years, Rav Asher Weiss published a landmark responsum (Minchas Asher 2:134) in which he issued signifcant halachic dispensations for one undergoing therapy for O.C.D. In this epsiode, we bring on Rabbi Dr. Saul Haimoff, a rabbi and clinical psychologist, to assess the metzius, the facts on the ground. To purchase his book, the Handbook of Torah and Mental Health, click here:https://www.amazon.com/Handbook-Torah-Mental-Health-Rosmarin/dp/1946351849

Rabbi Elie Weissman presents a responsum of the Noda B'Yehudah (E.H. 75) in which a shliach (agent) is appointed to force a woman to accept a divorce document. R. Weissman delves into the halachic considerations and also reveals a not-so-obvious historical context to this responsum...that it was very personal for both the Noda B'Yehudah - and his interlocutor Rav Itzele Halevi (who is also Rabbi Weissman's ancestor).  

In this episode we explore a landmark responsum of R. Ben-Zion Meir Chai Uziel (Mishpatei Uziel, C.M. no. 1) whether Jewish courts should offer an option to appeal and its implications for the judiciary in modern day Eretz Yisrael.

Pikuach Nefesh, the imperative to preserve life, is one of the most supreme Torah commandments, as it has the power supersede almost any other mitzvah. But are there limits? Our guest Rabbi Aryeh Klapper provides a close reading of a responsum of the Noda B'Yehudah (Y.D. 210) to shed light on this critical issue.

Want to learn more from Rabbi Klapper?

Check out his podcast, “Taking Responsibility for Torah”: https://open.spotify.com/show/3cVKvBl0ZjtNLGaVVFPsP3?si=5f211268a509436e

Book:

https://www.amazon.com/Divine-Will-Human-Experience-Explorations/dp/1667851438/ref=monarch_sidesheet

Weekly Torah Essay: http://www.torahleadership.org/weekly_dvar_torah.html

You can contact him at: Moderntorahleadership@gmail.com

Rabbi David Fried explores how a responsum of the Rambam (Shu"T HaRambam, Mechon Yerushalayim Edition, No. 104) sheds light on ambiguities and seeming contradictions in his magnum opus, the Mishneh Torah. He demonstrates how reading the "original" responsum can possibly settle a debate between Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe, Y.D. 2:7) and Rav Aharon Kotler (Mishnas Rebbi Aharon 35:6) - which has implications for the entire enterprise of Brisker methodology.

A woman is keeping a significant medical secret from her husband that has profound implications for their entire marriage. May (must) a doctor inform the husband? In this episode, Rabbi Gidon Rothstein shares a landmark responsum of the Tzitz Eliezer (16:4) who addresses both the halachic and psychological elements of how to approach this high stakes scenario.

When does employment become servitude? Rabbi Tzvi Goldstein presents us with a responsum of the Chavos Yair (no. 106) which addresses a contentious dispute between a woman and the girl she hired to work for her. When the latter claims she is being mistreated it raises the question whether she has the right to unilaterally pull out of her employment without financial repercussions. This question gets to the essence of the Jewish framework of employment.   

What are the implications of artificial intelligence for halachic decision making? In this episode, Rabbi Shimshon Nadel utilizes a responsum of the Chasam Sofer (Y.D. 2:94), Igros Moshe (Y.D. 3:91) and teachings from Rabbi Dr. Moshe D. Tendler zt"l to shed light on this cutting edge issue.

Rabbi Yona Reiss presents a fundamental responsum of the Rashba (6:254) to clarify when one may adapt halachic practices for new situations and how to ensure that such innovations remain faithful to both the law and spirit of the Torah. A special thanks to Henry Goldberg for helping organize this episode.