Explore every episode of the podcast Rhesus Medicine Podcast - Medical Education
Dive into the complete episode list for Rhesus Medicine Podcast - Medical Education . Each episode is cataloged with detailed descriptions, making it easy to find and explore specific topics. Keep track of all episodes from your favorite podcast and never miss a moment of insightful content.
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Title
Pub. Date
Duration
Ectopic Pregnancy
06 oct. 2026
00:12:04
Ectopic pregnancy explained, including pathophysiology and most common locations, as well as risk factors and ectopic pregnancy symptoms. Also includes diagnosis (including ultrasound findings) and treatment options (expectant, medical and surgical).
Notes & Practice Questions: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gynecology
Consider subscribing on YouTube (if you found any of the info useful!): https://www.youtube.com/c/RhesusMedicine?sub_confirmation=1
Social Media: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Acute Appendicitis explained, including classic and atypical appendicitis symptoms, the pathophysiology of appendicitis, as well as causes, diagnosis (including scores like the Alvarado score) and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/general-surgery
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Appendicitis? 0:32 Appendicitis Pathophysiology 2:00 Causes of Appendicitis 2:59 Appendicitis Symptoms & Signs 5:29 Appendicitis Diagnosis 8:44 Appendicitis Treatment / Appendectomy
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Di Saverio, S., Podda, M., De Simone, B., et al. (2020) 'Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis: 2020 update of the WSES Jerusalem guidelines', World Journal of Emergency Surgery, 15(1), p.27. Available at: https://wjes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13017-020-00306-3
Moris, D., Paulson, E.K. and Pappas, T.N. (2021) 'Diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis in adults: a review', JAMA, 326(22), pp.2299-2311. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34905026
Bhangu, A., Søreide, K., Di Saverio, S., Assarsson, J.H. and Drake, F.T. (2015) 'Acute appendicitis: modern understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management', The Lancet, 386(10000), pp.1278-1287. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26460662
Flum, D.R., Davidson, G.H., Monsell, S.E., et al. (2020) 'A randomized trial comparing antibiotics with appendectomy for appendicitis', New England Journal of Medicine, 383(20), pp.1907-1919. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33017106
Addiss, D.G., Shaffer, N., Fowler, B.S. and Tauxe, R.V. (1990) 'The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States', American Journal of Epidemiology, 132(5), pp.910-925. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2239906
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
07 sept. 2026
00:11:28
Vitamin B12 Deficiency explained, including the role and absorption of Vitamin B12, the causes and mechanisms causing B12 deficiency as well as the symptoms. We also look at the diagnosis of B12 deficiency including testing MMA or Homocysteine, as well as treatment options.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/haematology
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Approach to Chest Pain
27 août 2026
00:10:56
An approach to chest pain, featuring the main life threatening conditions we don't want to miss - including typical features in the history and physical exam, ECG and recommended further investigations.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/assessment-or-interpretation
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LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
References
BMJ Best Practice (2026) Assessment of chest pain – Differential diagnosis of symptoms. BMJ Publishing Group.
Farkas, J. (2025) Approach to chest pain. EMCrit Project. Published 15 January 2025.
McGill Journal of Medicine (n.d.) Approach to: Chest pain. McGill Journal of Medicine.
Kendall, J.M. and Hancock, I. (2019) Chest Pain Syndromes. RCEMLearning EMFP. Published 16 July 2019.
Approach to Shortness of Breath
07 août 2026
00:06:07
An approach to dyspnea (shortness of breath), including the dyspnea pyramid to remember the differentials, as well as key investigations that help identify the cause, as well as common patterns in the history and physical examination.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/assessment-or-interpretation
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Dyspnea? 0:19 The Dyspnea Pyramid 2:50 Dyspnea History & Physical Exam Patterns 4:43 Dyspnea Investigations
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
References
BMJ Best Practice (2025) Evaluation of dyspnoea in adults. BMJ Publishing Group.
BMJ Best Practice (2025) Acute dyspnoea. BMJ Publishing Group.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2025) Breathlessness. Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS).
MSD Manual Professional Edition (2025) Dyspnea. MSD Manual Professional Edition.
StatPearls (2024) Dyspnea. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
Parshall, M.B., Schwartzstein, R.M., Adams, L., Banzett, R.B., Manning, H.L., Bourbeau, J., Calverley, P.M.A., Gift, A.G., Harver, A., Lareau, S.C., Mahler, D.A. and O'Donnell, D.E. (2012) An Official American Thoracic Society Statement: Update on the Mechanisms, Assessment, and Management of Dyspnea. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 185(4), pp.435–452.
Chest X-Ray Interpretation
29 juil. 2026
00:12:14
Chest X-ray interpretation made easy, a systematic approach to reading CXR. See on YouTube for pathology examples!
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/assessment-or-interpretation
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Timestamps:
0:00 Chest X-Ray Basics 0:37 D- Details 0:55 R - Radiography and Image Quality 2:49 A - Airway & Bronchi 3:50 B - Breathing (Lungs & Pleura) 6:33 C - Cardiac & Circulation (Heart & Systemic Vessels) 8:51 D - Diaphragm and Below 9:54 E - External (Bones & Soft Tissues) 10:51 F - Foreign Bodies 11:19 Closing Thoughts
LINK TO MORE MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Liver Function Test (LFT) Interpretation made easy, reviewing the tests included within an LFT as well as the main patterns of Cholestatic vs Hepatocellular injury seen, as well as potential causes. Also includes further details on bilirubin, albumin and clotting profiles, as well as some LFT interpretation pearls and further investigations.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/assessment-or-interpretation
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Timestamps: 0:00 What are Liver Function Tests? 1:43 LFT Cholestatic Pattern 3:07 LFT Hepatocellular Pattern 5:18 LFT Bilirubin 7:46 LFT Albumin & Clotting Profile 8:25 LFT Interpretation Pearls 9:54 LFT Interpretation Further Investigations
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
An approach to interpreting urinalysis, particularly urine dipstick interpretation. Includes main differentials for each test on the dipstick, alongside tips on urine inspection prior to dipping, as well as potential next steps
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/assessment-or-interpretation
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Urinalysis? 0:21 Urine Inspection - Colour, Turbidity, Odour 2:04 Urine Dipstick Process 2:35 Urine Dipstick Interpretation 7:25 Next Steps
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
01 juin 2026
00:12:00
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) explained, including pathophysiology, causes and a mnemonic for SLE symptoms (SOAP BRAIN MD). We also cover the EULAR / ACR diagnostic criteria for SLE, as well as SLE treatment.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
20 mai 2026
00:08:51
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardiac Syndrome (POTS) explained, including proposed pathophysiology, as well as different subtypes. We also review signs and symptoms of POTS, as well as POTS diagnosis and criteria as well as POTS treatment.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Raj, S.R., Guzman, J.C., Harvey, P. et al. (2020) ‘Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement on postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and related disorders of chronic orthostatic intolerance’, Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 36(3), pp. 357–372. Available at: https://onlinecjc.ca/article/S0828-282X(19)31550-8/fulltext
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Anaphylaxis
04 mai 2026
00:12:14
Anaphylaxis explained including anaphylaxis pathophysiology (immunologic vs non immunologic), clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Includes recognition of airway compromise, use of intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine), biphasic anaphylaxis, refractory anaphylaxis, and the immunology underlying type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/topics
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Anaphylaxis? 0:32 Anaphylaxis Pathophysiology 4:08 Anaphylaxis Causes 5:28 Anaphylaxis Symptoms 7:44 Anaphylaxis Diagnosis 8:32 Anaphylaxis Treatment
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Simons, F.E.R., Ardusso, L.R.F., Bilo, M.B., El-Gamal, Y.M., Ledford, D.K., Ring, J., Sanchez-Borges, M., Senna, G.E., Sheikh, A. and Thong, B.Y. (2018) World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidance 2018. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 141(2), pp. 419–420.e1. Available at: https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(18)30571-2/fulltext
Cardona, V., Ansotegui, I.J., Ebisawa, M., El-Gamal, Y., Fernandez Rivas, M., Fineman, S., Geller, M., Gonzalez-Estrada, A., Greenberger, P.A., Sanchez Borges, M., Senna, G., Sheikh, A. and Tanno, L.K. (2020) ‘World allergy organization anaphylaxis guidance 2020’, World Allergy Organization Journal, 13(10), p. 100472. doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100472.
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Hereditary Angioedema
23 avr. 2026
00:10:03
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Video Timestamps: 0:00 What is Hereditary Angioedema? 0:58 Causes of Angioedema 1:49 Hereditary Angioedema Pathophysiology 3:07 Hereditary Angioedema Types 4:41 Hereditary Angioedema Symptoms 6:29 Hereditary Angioedema Diagnosis 7:29 Hereditary Angioedema Treatment
Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Bork, K., Wulff, K., Witzke, G., Machnig, T. and Hardt, J. (2020) ‘Treatment of patients with hereditary angioedema with the c.988A>G (p.Lys330Glu) variant in the plasminogen gene’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15(1), p. 52. doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-1331-8.
Dickeson, S.K., Kumar, S., Sun, M.F., Cheng, Q., Sclafani, S., Verhamme, I.M., Kenne, E., Müller-Esterl, W., Renné, T. and Gailani, D. (2022) ‘A mechanism for hereditary angioedema caused by a lysine 311–to–glutamic acid substitution in plasminogen’, Blood, 139(18), pp. 2816–2829. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021014167.
Kozma, G.T., Gáll, Z., Hiripi, L., Bakk, E., Bodó, K., Varga, L. and Farkas, H. (2021) ‘Screening for plasminogen mutations in hereditary angioedema patients with normal C1-inhibitor levels’, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(6), p. 1162. doi: 10.3390/jcm10061162.
Matafonov, A., Sun, M.F. and Gailani, D. (2022) ‘Bradykinin formation by mutant plasminogen’, Blood, 139(18), pp. 2732–2733. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022015967.
Steinmüller-Magin, L., Wulff, K., Witzke, G., Bork, K. and Magerl, M. (2023) ‘Mutant plasminogen in hereditary angioedema is bypassing FXII/kallikrein to generate bradykinin’, Frontiers in Physiology, 13, p. 1090732. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1090732.
Kaplan, A.P. (2019) ‘Hereditary angioedema: linking complement regulation to the coagulation system’, Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 17(1), pp. 3–10. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6332742/
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia vs Prostate Cancer
13 avr. 2026
00:13:07
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer explained looking at the key differences in each including symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options. Includes Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia pathophysiology as well as epidemiology of both Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate cancer.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/urology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What are Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer? 0:44 Normal Prostate Anatomy 1:51 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Pathophysiology 2:46 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia vs Prostate Cancer Symptoms 4:10 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia vs Prostate Cancer Epidemiology 5:09 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia vs Prostate Cancer Diagnosis 8:17 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment 10:10 Prostate Cancer Treatment
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
A look at topical steroid potency (including a memory tool to remember them), including topical steroid preparations. We also cover topical steroid effects and topical steroid withdrawal, as well as fingertip units.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/dermatology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What do Topical Steroids do? 2:09 Topical Steroid Preparations 4:06 Fingertip Units Explained 4:45 Treatment Principles & Topical Steroid Withdrawal
LINK TO MNEMONICS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0Gmp
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis) explained, including pathophysiology and symptoms, as well as GCA diagnosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Axial Spondyloarthritis (Ankylosing Spondylitis) explained, including the pathophysiology and most common clinical features, as well as Axial Spondyloarthritis diagnosis and treatment. Also includes diagnostic criteria.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
16 févr. 2026
00:10:23
Rheumatoid Arthritis explained, including pathophysiology and typical signs and symptoms (extra articular too!). We also look at rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis (with rheumatoid factor / Anti CCP) and medications such as DMARDs
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 10th ed. Elsevier; 2021.
Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 10th ed. Elsevier; 2020.
Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Acute Abdomen
28 janv. 2026
00:11:40
A structure to the acute abdomen and acute abdominal pain - what is acute abdomen, what are the causes of acute abdomen and the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain? Acute abdomen examination (causes by location) as well as history and acute abdomen signs and symptoms. We also take a look at how an acute abdomen is managed.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/general-surgery
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is an acute abdomen? 0:23 Causes of acute abdomen / Causes of acute abdominal pain 2:40 Diagnosis of acute abdomen / Diagnosis of acute abdominal pain - Causes of acute abdomen by location 4:35 Diagnosis of acute abdomen / Diagnosis of acute abdominal pain - History 6:40 Acute abdomen physical exam / Acute abdominal pain physical exam 8:17 Diagnosis of acute abdomen / Diagnosis of acute abdominal pain - Labs and Imaging 10:01 Treatment of acute abdomen / Treatment of acute abdominal pain
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
BMJ Best Practice (2025) Acute appendicitis: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Last reviewed: 27 Dec 2025; Last updated: 17 Apr 2025. Available at: https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/290
Tuberculosis (TB) explained clearly, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis features and transmission, as well as tuberculosis pathophysiology. We also look at tuberculosis symptoms (pulmonary and extrapulmonary), as well as diagnosis (including tuberculin / Mantoux) and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/microbiology-and-infectious-disease
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Kawasaki Disease
12 janv. 2026
00:09:37
Kawasaki Disease is a systemic form of vasculitis that primarily affects children. In this video: Kawasaki Disease pathophysiology (proposed), Kawasaki Disease symptoms (and a mnemonic to help remember them!), as well as the diagnosis (including Z scores) and criteria for Kawasaki Disease!
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/paediatrics
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BMJ Best Practice (2025) Kawasaki disease: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Last reviewed: 9 Dec 2025; Last updated: 7 Nov 2025. Available at: https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/236
NICE CKS / NHS England (2021) Kawasaki disease – diagnosis and management. NHS.uk content reflects CKS-informed guidance based on NICE protocols (e.g., fever in under 5s) with key diagnostic features and cardiac follow-up. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kawasaki-disease/diagnosis/
American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) (2015) Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease — long-term cardiovascular follow-up stratification by coronary involvement (incorporating AHA guideline guidance). American Family Physician, 91(6).
Arch Dis Child (2014) Management of Kawasaki disease in the convalescent phase: long-term cardiac management and risk stratification, Archives of Disease in Childhood.
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
APGAR Score
12 janv. 2026
00:03:11
An easy way to learn APGAR, a scoring system designed to assess newborns. Includes APGAR mnemonic!
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/paediatrics
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is the APGAR Score? 0:19 APGAR Score Mnemonic 1:50 APGAR Score Interpretation / APGAR Score Meaning
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Rheumatic Fever
08 janv. 2026
00:09:14
In this video we cover Rheumatic Fever; What is it? Rheumatic Fever Pathophysiology, the signs and symptoms of rheumatic fever as well as the diagnosis of rheumatic fever (including the Jones criteria and a rheumatic fever mnemonic!). We then look at the treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Video Timestamps: 0:00 What is Rheumatic Fever? 0:30 Rheumatic Fever Pathophysiology 1:53 Rheumatic Fever Symptoms / Signs and Symptoms of Rheumatic Fever 3:46 Jones Criteria - Rheumatic Fever Criteria Mnemonic 6:25 Rheumatic Fever Diagnosis 7:15 Rheumatic Fever Treatment / Rheumatic Fever Prophylaxis
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (no date) Rheumatic fever. NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries. Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk
StatPearls Authors (2025) Acute rheumatic fever. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594238/
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Low Back Pain
08 janv. 2026
00:09:43
Low back pain is an extremely common complain, in this video we go through the main causes of low back pain, including low back pain red flag symptoms, as well as what to look for in the physical exam and diagnosis. We also look at treatment options for the commonest low back pain causes.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/orthopaedics
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Timestamps: 0:00 Low Back Pain Epidemiology 0:43 Low Back Pain Causes / Classification - Mechanical Low Back Pain 2:43 Low Back Pain Causes - Referred Low Back Pain 3:12 Low Back Pain Causes - Systemic Causes of Low Back Pain 3:44 Low Back Pain Red Flag Symptoms 5:17 Low Back Pain Diagnosis - History + Physical Exam 7:13 Diagnosis of Low Back Pain - Lab Values and Imaging 7:56 Treatment of Low Back Pain / Low Back Pain Treatment
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
References
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2020) Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management (NG59). London: NICE. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng59 . NICE
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
07 janv. 2026
00:08:13
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy explained, including a review of what is the rotator cuff and muscles involved, Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy pathophysiology, as well as symptoms and diagnosis. We look at the Rotator Cuff physical exam, as well as Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy diagnosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/orthopaedics
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is the Rotator Cuff? 1:05 What is Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy? 1:36 Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Pathophysiology 3:28 Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Symptoms 4:00 Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Diagnosis 6:11 Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Treatment
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Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Desmeules, F., Roy, J-S., Lafrance, S. et al. (2025) Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Diagnosis, Nonsurgical Medical Care, and Rehabilitation: A Clinical Practice Guideline, Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 55(4), pp.235–274. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2025.13182 PubMed+1
Anormal Uterine Bleeding
01 janv. 2026
00:07:25
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is a term that is used to describe abnormal variations in menstruation, and include menorrhagia and heavy menstrual bleeding. In this video we cover what are the causes for abnormal uterine bleeding using the mnemonic PALM COEIN. Also included is the treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gynecology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (Definition) 0:53 Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (PALM COEIN Mnemonic) 3:26 Diagnosis of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 5:34 Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Treatment
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Endometriosis
28 déc. 2025
00:08:24
In this video we cover what is endometriosis, where does it most commonly affect as well as the signs and symptoms of endometriosis. Includes endometriosis pathology and theories, as well as how endometriosis is diagnosed and treated.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gynecology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Endometriosis? 0:07 Where does Endometriosis most commonly affect? 1:04 Signs and Symptoms of Endometriosis 2:47 Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome 3:29 Endometriosis Pathophysiology / Endometriosis Pathology Theories 4:35 Endometriosis Diagnosis 5:44 Endometriosis Treatment
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
References
Bulletti, C., Coccia, M.E., Battistoni, S. and Borini, A. (2010) ‘Endometriosis and infertility’, Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 27(8), pp. 441–447. doi:10.1007/s10815-010-9436-1.
Gałczyński, K., Jóźwik, M., Lewkowicz, D., Semczuk-Sikora, A. and Semczuk, A. (2019) ‘Ovarian endometrioma – a possible finding in adolescent girls and young women: a mini-review’, Journal of Ovarian Research, 12(1), p. 104. doi:10.1186/s13048-019-0582-5.
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
In this video we look at primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis (previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis), and the differences between them. This includes pathophysiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis as well as their diagnosis (including autoantibodies!) and treatment.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2015. Primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. PMCID: PMC4521232. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4521232/. PMC
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2020. Primary sclerosing cholangitis: pathogenesis and clinical features. PMCID: PMC7132015. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7132015/. (If exact year differs, use the one on the article page)
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Ovarian Cancer
28 déc. 2025
00:09:29
A look at ovarian cancer including ovarian cancer subtypes (Epithelial and its subtypes, Germ Cell, Sex Cord Stromal) as well as the signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer and ovarian cancer risk factors. We also take a look at how ovarian cancer is staged (FIGO Staging of Ovarian Cancer) and how that affects the prognosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gynecology
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Timestamps: 0:00 Ovarian Cancer Epidemiology 0:36 Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors 1:05 Ovarian Cancer Subtypes Intro 2:30 Epithelial Ovarian Cancer 3:33 Ovarian Cancer Signs and Symptoms 4:28 Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis 7:04 Ovarian Cancer Treatment
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis
28 déc. 2025
00:09:26
A look at Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), more specifically the two main forms of IBD which are Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease, going through each condition as well as looking at the differences between Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's disease. Includes the signs and symptoms of each, including extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, as well as differences in the histology.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease? 0:15 Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease Epidemiology 1:08 Signs and Symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease / Signs and Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease 3:19 Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease 4:48 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathology 5:07 Risk Factors for Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease / Risk Factors of Inflammatory Bowel Disease 5:47 Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease / Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosis 6:51 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Histology / Ulcerative Colitis v Crohn's Disease Histology 7:52 Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease / Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease Treatment
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
References
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation (2019) Updated IBD Factbook. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation. Available at: https://www.Crohn'scolitisfoundation.org/sites/default/files/2019-02/Updated%20IBD%20Factbook.pdf
Waugh, N., Cummins, E., Royle, P. et al. (2013) Comparison of Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome and coeliac disease, in Faecal calprotectin testing for differentiating amongst inflammatory and non-inflammatory bowel diseases: systematic review and economic evaluation. Southampton: NIHR Journals Library. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK261307/
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Microscopic Colitis
28 déc. 2025
00:04:25
Microscopic Colitis is a form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by normal appearance on colonoscopy. It is a cause of chronic, non bloody, watery diarrhea. We cover the subtypes (lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis), the signs and symptoms of microscopic colitis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Microscopic Colitis? 0:24 Signs and Symptoms of Microscopic Colitis / Microscopic Colitis Symptoms 0:53 Microscopic Colitis Risk Factors & Epidemiology 2:00 Microscopic Colitis Diagnosis 2:40 Microscopic Colitis Treatment
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Fibromyalgia
27 déc. 2025
00:07:27
A look at fibromyalgia, a common but poorly understood condition causing chronic widespread pain. Includes symptoms of fibromyalgia, as well as how fibromyalgia is diagnosed (with Widespread Pain Index and Symptom Severity Scores!) and fibromyalgia treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/rheumatology
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Timestamps: 0:00 Fibromyalgia Definition - What is Fibromyalgia? 0:20 Fibromyalgia Epidemiology - How common is Fibromyalgia? 0:43 Fibromyalgia Symptoms 1:33 Cause of Fibromyalgia / Fibromyalgia Pathology 2:25 Fibromyalgia Diagnosis - Tender Points, Widespread Pain Index & Symptom Severity Score 3:56 Fibromyalgia Differential Diagnosis 4:17 Fibromyalgia Subtypes & Controversy 5:18 Fibromyalgia Treatment Options
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Colorectal Cancer
27 déc. 2025
00:08:19
A look at Colorectal Cancer, the 3rd most common cancer worldwide. We go into the risk factors of colorectal cancer, the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer (and how they change based on location of the cancer), the diagnosis and screening, as well as treatment of colorectal cancer and its prognosis.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/general-surgery
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Timestamps: 0:00 Intro - Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology 0:12 Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors 1:41 Colorectal Cancer Pathology (Polyps & Paris Classification) 2:36 Signs and Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer 4:20 How is Colorectal Cancer diagnosed? 5:53 Treatment of Colorectal Cancer 7:15 What is the prognosis of Colorectal Cancer
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Rubio, C.A., Thomeer, M., Nordenskjöld, O., Gaudio, E. & Wallin, J.A., 2007. Malignant colorectal polyps: A review. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 13(30), pp.4141–4146. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2896747/. PMC
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Gastric Cancer
27 déc. 2025
00:06:27
In this video we cover Gastric Cancer / Stomach Cancer, looking at risk factors for it as well as what are the signs and symptoms of Gastric Cancer (with Troisier's sign!). Also includes the most common locations of gastric cancer, how gastric cancer is diagnosed (including staging), and how is gastric cancer treated.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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Video Timestamps: 0:00 How common is Gastric Cancer 0:10 Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer 1:07 Where is Gastric Cancer most common? 1:19 Types of Gastric Cancer 1:35 Most Common Site of Gastric Cancer (Which part of the stomach is most commonly affected) 1:49 Signs and Symptoms of Gastric Cancer (Gastric Cancer Symptoms) 2:39 What is Troisier's Sign? (Virchows Node) 2:51 Gastric Cancer Diagnosis 3:10 Gastric Cancer Staging 4:03 Gastric Cancer Prognosis 4:35 Gastric Cancer Treatment
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
References
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2008. Role of symptoms in diagnosis and outcome of gastric cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 14(8), pp.1149–1155. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2690660/. PMC
Machlowska, J., Baj, J., Sitarz, M., Maciejewski, R. & Sitarz, R., 2020. Gastric Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Genomic Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(11):4012. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312039/. PubMed
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
26 déc. 2025
00:08:14
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ Dysfunction) comes under the umbrella term of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, and in this video we go through TMJ Disorder (including Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Treatment & Anatomy). Also includes risk factors/potential causes of TMJ disorder.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/ent
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Temporomandibular Joint Disorder? 0:12 Temporomandibular Joint Anatomy 1:24 Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder 3:00 Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Risk Factors 4:30 Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Causes 5:17 Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Diagnosis 6:29 Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Treatment
LINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/
References
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2025. Temporomandibular Joint Anatomy and Disorders. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551612/.
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Intestinal Ischaemia (Mesenteric Ischaemia)
26 déc. 2025
00:06:08
Intestinal ischemia refers to a group of conditions seen with inadequate blood flow to the intestines. This includes acute mesenteric ischemia and chronic mesenteric ischemia, affecting the small intestine, and ischemic colitis affecting the large intestine. We cover the anatomy, pathology and signs of symptoms of each form of intestinal ischemia, and also look at the diagnosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2020. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Blood Supply of Small Intestine. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554527/.
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
26 déc. 2025
00:06:50
Irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder, affecting 5-15% of the population. In this video we cover irritable bowel syndrome symptoms, the criteria (Rome IV criteria) as well as what may cause irritable bowel syndrome. We also look at irritable bowel syndrome treatment and who is at risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome? (What is IBS?) 0:13 Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms (Signs and Symptoms of IBS) 1:05 Who gets Irritable Bowel Syndrome? (IBS Risk Factors / Epidemiology) 2:51 What causes Irritable Bowel Syndrome? 3:33 How is Irritable Bowel Syndrome diagnosed? (IBS Diagnosis) 4:32 Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatment
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Oka, P., Parr, H., Barberio, B., Black, C.J., Savarino, E.V. & Ford, A.C., 2020. Global prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome according to Rome III or IV criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 5(10), pp.908–917. [online] Available at: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(20)30217-X/fulltext. The Lancet
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
22 déc. 2025
00:08:58
A look at hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, including signs and symptoms, pathophysiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its diagnosis (and murmur!). Also features hypertrophic cardiomyopathy treatment options.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Heart Blocks (1st-3rd AV Blocks)
22 déc. 2025
00:07:15
In this video we cover the different types of heart block as well as heart block ECG interpretation, including 1st degree, 2nd degree which has two types- Mobitz 1 or Wenckebach and Mobitz 2, as well as 3rd degree heart block also known as complete heart block. We also look at causes, symptoms and treatment options for each type of heart block.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 Normal Cardiac Conduction Pathway 1:07 First Degree Heart Block / 1st Degree AV Block - ECG 1:30 First Degree Heart Block / 1st Degree AV Block - Causes 2:36 Second Degree Heart Block - Mobitz 1 / Wenckebach - ECG 3:15 Second Degree Heart Block - Mobitz 1 - Causes 4:01 Second Degree Heart Block - Mobitz 2 - ECG 4:25 Second Degree Heart Block - Mobitz 2 - Causes 5:29 Third Degree Heart Block / Complete Heart Block - ECG 6:06 Third Degree Heart Block / Complete Heart Block - Causes
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Brugada Syndrome
21 déc. 2025
00:06:27
Brugada Syndrome is a genetic condition that predisposes to sudden cardiac death. In this video we cover the Brugada Syndrome ECG changes and Brugada Syndrome Pathophysiology, as well as symptoms and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
21 déc. 2025
00:07:13
Dilated Cardiomyopathy is the most common cardiomyopathy. We cover causes, including pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy? 0:13 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Epidemiology 0:53 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Causes (Primary vs Secondary) 1:52 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Pathophysiology (with Compensatory Mechanisms) 4:09 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Signs and Symptoms 4:44 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis 5:49 Dilated Cardiomyopathy Treatment
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
21 déc. 2025
00:05:42
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, also known as Broken Heart Syndrome, Stress Cardiomyopathy or Apical Ballooning Syndrome, is a condition that impairs the heart's ability to contract effectively. Takotsubo means octopus trap in Japanese, which is the shape the left ventricle resembles in this condition. We look at Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy pathology and symptoms, diagnosis including ECG changes as well as treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Heart Failure
21 déc. 2025
00:13:18
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Heart Failure / Heart Failure Definition 0:11 Systolic vs Diastolic Heart Failure 0:31 How is Cardiac Output Calculated 2:28 Causes of Heart Failure 4:39 Heart Failure Risk Factors 5:24 Signs and Symptoms of Heart Failure 6:12 Diagnosis of Heart Failure 7:41 Treatment of Heart Failure (HFrEF vs HFpEF)
Cellular and molecular differences between HFpEF and HFrEF: a step ahead in an improved pathological understanding, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2020. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7016826/. NCBI
Albakri, A., 2018. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: clinical status and meta-analyses of diagnosis by 3D echocardiography and natriuretic peptides-guided therapy.
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Myopericarditis
20 déc. 2025
00:07:20
Myopericarditis includes both myocarditis and pericarditis. In this video we cover what is myopericarditis, as well as causes of myocarditis and pericarditis, signs and symptoms of pericarditis and myocarditis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Myopericarditis? (What is Myocarditis / What is Pericarditis?) 0:15 Anatomy - Pericardium & Layers of the Heart 1:41 Infectious Causes of Myocarditis / Pericarditis 2:31 Non Infectious Causes of Myocarditis / Pericarditis 3:22 Signs and Symptoms 4:19 Diagnosis of Myopericarditis 5:45 Treatment of Myocarditis and Pericarditis
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Acute Coronary Syndrome
20 déc. 2025
00:10:02
Acute Coronary Syndrome refers to a spectrum of conditions including Unstable Angina, Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. In this video we look at the pathology behind acute coronary syndrome, the differences between Unstable angina, NSTEMI and STEMI, as well as the signs and symptoms, diagnosis (including ECG changes!) and treatment of each.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Acute Coronary Syndrome - Acute Coronary Syndrome Definition 0:25 Coronary Artery Anatomy 1:17 Acute Coronary Syndrome Pathology - Atherosclerosis 2:08 Acute Coronary Syndrome Pathology - Unstable Angina vs Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction vs ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction 3:00 Acute Coronary Syndrome Risk Factors 3:23 Signs and Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome 4:17 Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis - ECG STEMI 5:45 Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis - ECG NSTEMI and Unstable Angina 6:42 Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis - Cardiac Troponin I 7:11 Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis - Imaging 7:42 Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Myalgic Encephalitis)
20 déc. 2025
00:05:08
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, or Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, is a debilitating long term condition that affects around 1% of the population. We look at the signs and symptoms including diagnostic criteria, possible causes, risk factors for chronic fatigue syndrome as well as treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/neurology
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References
Yang, J., Keller, S., Lin, J.S., et al., 2022. Ginseng for the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review of clinical studies. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 11, pp.1–8. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2164957X221079790. SAGE Journals
Tirelli, U., et al., 2021. Patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome treated with oxygen-ozone autohemotherapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(1), p.29. [online] Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/1/29. mdpi.com
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Atrial Fibrillation
20 déc. 2025
00:07:49
Atrial Fibrillation is the most commonly diagnosed cardiac arrhythmia. In this video we cover what is atrial fibrillation, the signs and symptoms, causes of atrial fibrillation and the complications of atrial fibrillation. We also look at how atrial fibrillation is diagnosed, and treated (with rate vs rhythm control).
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Atrial Fibrillation? 0:12 Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology 1:14 Atrial Fibrillation Causes 2:39 Atrial Fibrillation Signs and Symptoms 3:30 Atrial Fibrillation Complications 4:35 Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis 5:28 Atrial Fibrillation Management (Rate vs Rhythm Control)
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References
Ding, W.Y., Gupta, D. & Lip, G.Y.H., 2020. Atrial fibrillation and the prothrombotic state: revisiting Virchow’s triad in 2020. Heart, 106(19), pp.1463–1468. [online] Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32675218/. PubMed+1
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2016. Symptoms in atrial fibrillation: a contemporary review and future directions. PMCID: PMC5089512. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5089512/. PMC
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2020. Etiology, pathology, and classification of atrial fibrillation. PMCID: PMC7250635. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250635/. PMC
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Hiatal Hernia
20 déc. 2025
00:05:16
An overview of what is a hiatus hernia (including sliding & paraesophageal classification), the causes of a hiatus hernia as well as the most common signs and symptoms. Also includes diagnosis and treatment of hiatus hernia.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/gastroenterology
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Reference
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2024. Hiatal hernia. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562200/. NCBI
Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Infective Endocarditis
19 déc. 2025
00:09:34
Infective endocarditis is a rare but life threatening infection of the heart, specifically the endocardium. We look at what causes infective endocarditis, its signs and symptoms, as well as diagnosis (including dukes criteria for infective endocarditis) and treatment.
PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/cardiology
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Infective Endocarditis? (Definition) 0:15 Infective Endocarditis Pathophysiology 1:45 Infective Endocarditis Complications 3:05 Infective Endocarditis Signs and Symptoms 4:20 Infective Endocarditis Risk Factors (Causes) 5:19 Which microorganisms cause infective endocarditis? 6:02 Infective Endocarditis Epidemiology 6:45 Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis (Duke Criteria) 8:08 Infective Endocarditis Treatment
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Disclaimer: Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Bones of the Hands and Wrists
19 déc. 2025
00:02:41
An easy way to remember the bones of the wrist and hand, including names, position and fractures like the Boxer's Facture!
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/orthopaedics
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Timestamps: 0:00 Bones of the Wrist Mnemonic 0:54 Scaphoid Fracture (Avascular Necrosis) 1:36 Metacarpals (& Boxer's Fracture) 2:02 Phalanges
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Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
Asthma
19 déc. 2025
00:10:16
A complete look at asthma, including asthma pathophysiology, causes, as well as asthma signs and symptoms. Also includes how asthma is diagnosed as well as asthma treatment.
PDFs available at: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/respiratory
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Timestamps: 0:00 What is Asthma / Asthma Definition 0:22 Asthma Pathophysiology - Anatomy 1:09 Asthma Molecular Pathology (Early v Late Phase) 3:12 Airway Remodelling 3:40 Asthma Causes & Risk Factors 4:40 Asthma Symptoms 5:38 Asthma Diagnosis (Chronic - Includes Spirometry) 7:15 Acute Exacerbation of Asthma (Mnemonic) 8:00 Asthma Treatment - Stepwise Approach
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National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), 2025. Pathophysiology of Asthma. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551579/. NCBI
Reddel, H.K. et al., 2021. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy 2021 – Executive summary and rationale for key changes. European Respiratory Journal, 59(1):2102730. [online] Available at: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/59/1/2102730. ERS Publications
Disclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.