It's Part 2 of Dan's conversation with Dr. Robert Krueger as they continue to dive deep into the alternative model of personality disorders.

Dr. Krueger is a clinical psychologist and member of the DSM-5 Personality Disorders Workgroup. Dan and Dr. Krueger explore the concept of personality disorders and the alternative model of personality disorders (AMPD). Can personality disorders be seen as extreme versions of regular personality traits, and can these traits have both adaptive and maladaptive features depending on the context? Then, Dr. Krueger goes over the importance of understanding the individual and their goals when working with personality disorders, rather than viewing them as unremittingly pathological.

Special Guest:
Dr. Rober Krueger
HiTop Website
The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5)
Practitioner's Guide to the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders

Keywords: personality disorders, DSM-5, clinical case conceptualization, alternative model, AMPD, diagnostic criteria, self-related dysfunction, personality traits, psychiatric classification

Takeaways

Understanding a person's personality is important in clinical case conceptualization.

The decision-making process behind the alternative model for personality disorders involved considering the scientific evidence and the impact on individuals who have already been diagnosed.

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) includes criterion A (self-related dysfunction) and criterion B (personality traits).

There is a tension between making psychiatric classification more scientifically justifiable and clinically beneficial while considering the impact on individuals.

Self-report measures for criterion A may have limitations, and additional perspectives, such as expert judgments and collateral data, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of personality pathology.

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Join in on another brilliant episode of Psychotherapy & Applied Psychology. This week, Dan is joined by Dr. Robert Krueger and discuss the ongoing studies of personality disorders.

Dr. Krueger is a clinical psychologist and member of the DSM-5 Personality Disorders Workgroup. Dan and Dr. Krueger discuss the importance of understanding a person's personality in clinical case conceptualization as well as the tension between wanting to make psychiatric classification more scientifically justifiable and clinically beneficial. Dr. Krueger provides an overview of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) and the criteria for diagnosis, as well as the distinction between criterion A (self-related dysfunction) and criterion B (personality traits).

Stay tuned for Part 2!

Special Guest:
Dr. Rober Krueger
HiTop Website
The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5)
Practitioner's Guide to the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders

Keywords: personality disorders, DSM-5, clinical case conceptualization, alternative model, AMPD, diagnostic criteria, self-related dysfunction, personality traits, psychiatric classification

Takeaways

Understanding a person's personality is important in clinical case conceptualization.

The decision-making process behind the alternative model for personality disorders involved considering the scientific evidence and the impact on individuals who have already been diagnosed.

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) includes criterion A (self-related dysfunction) and criterion B (personality traits).

There is a tension between making psychiatric classification more scientifically justifiable and clinically beneficial while considering the impact on individuals.

Self-report measures for criterion A may have limitations, and additional perspectives, such as expert judgments and collateral data, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of personality pathology.

Sound Bites

"I find it hard to do clinical case conceptualization without thinking about a person's personality."

"The DSM exerts a strong kind of way of influencing the way people think about cases and in our culture more broadly."

"The DSM-5 Personality Disorders Workgroup had a number of psychologists involved, which is somewhat unusual."

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In this conversation, Dan speaks with Dr. Scott Miller about improving psychotherapy using feedback and using feedback to facilitate deliberate practice.

The conversation covers Scott's journey in the field of therapy, his experiences in different settings, and the development of feedback-informed treatment (FIT). FIT involves soliciting formal feedback from clients about their progress and engagement in therapy. The therapist uses this feedback to tailor the treatment to better fit the client's needs. The conversation also touches on the importance of monitoring outcomes and the challenges of implementing feedback-informed care. In this part of the conversation, Scott and Dan discuss the importance of measuring progress and using feedback to inform treatment decisions. They emphasize the need to consider adding or removing elements from the treatment plan if there is no progress after a certain number of sessions. They also discuss the concept of outcome-focused treatment and the importance of involving the client in the decision-making process. Scott shares an analogy from medicine to illustrate the need for a collaborative approach to treatment. They also discuss the challenges and objections to implementing measurement-based care, including concerns about burdening clients and the need for training and support for clinicians. They highlight the benefits of using feedback measures to facilitate conversations about termination and the potential for improving outcomes through deliberate practice.

Special Guest:
Dr. Scott Miller: Make sure to check out Scott's website which is full of useful resources!

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In this conversation, Dr. David Klonsky dives deep into the Three-Step Theory of Suicide, explaining why some people consider suicide and some attempt suicide.

We begin the conversation with Dr. Klonsky talking about his side interest in combat sports and the psychology behind it. He shares his experience in martial arts and how it has influenced his understanding of the mental and emotional aspects of fighting. Dr. Klonsky also talks about his work as a consultant and analyst for combat sports, including his appearances on the Fight Network. He explains the importance of emotional readiness in combat sports and the role of approach-oriented emotions like excitement and anger. Dr. Klonsky emphasizes the need to overcome fear and interpret it as a natural response rather than a sign of unreadiness.

The main theme of the conversation is the study of suicide. The three-step theory is discussed, which includes the conditions under which people feel suicidal, the intensity of suicidal desire, and the capability to attempt suicide. Pain and hopelessness are identified as key factors in feeling suicidal, and the aversiveness of life is explored as a driving force behind suicidal ideation. The importance of understanding the distinction between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts is emphasized. The conversation explores the necessary conditions for suicidal desire, which include overwhelming pain, hopelessness, low connectedness, and capability. Pain and hopelessness are the primary motivators for suicidal desire, while connectedness acts as a pull towards life. Capability refers to the ability to overcome the barriers to suicide, which can be acquired through experience or dispositional factors. Mental illness, such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, can contribute to pain, hopelessness, and capability, increasing the risk of suicide. Understanding these factors can empower clinicians to intervene effectively and prevent suicide.

Special Guest:
E. David Klonsky

The following paper was referenced in the show:
The three-step theory of suicide: Description, evidence, and some useful points of clarification

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In this conversation, Dan welcomes Dr. Jon Elhai to discuss problematic smart phone and social media use.

This conversation explores the addictive aspects of social media and smart phones; however, they are not recognized as addictive disorders in the DSM or ICD. They also discuss the risk factors for excessive internet use, such as long-standing issues, coping styles, and internet-related cognitive biases like fear of missing out (FOMO). They discuss the importance of assessing the functional impairments caused by excessive use rather than just the duration of use. They explore the relationship between rumination, excessive reassurance seeking, and problematic use, and the potential negative mood effects of smartphone and social media use. In this conversation, Jon and Dan discuss the relationship between smartphone use and mental health, particularly depression. They highlight that excessive smartphone use is more likely to exacerbate existing mental health issues rather than cause them. They argue that social media and smartphones can have both positive and negative effects, depending on the individual and their circumstances. They also discuss the role of clinicians in assessing and treating problematic smartphone use, as well as the importance of parental guidance and government regulations to protect children from the potential harms of excessive digital media use.

Guest Starring:

Dr. Jon Elhai

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This week, Dan is joined by Dr. Jesse Owen,
Dan and Jesse peruse what multicultural psychotherapy really is and how to apply the multicultural orientation framework in psychotherapy and clinical training.

The conversation explores the concept of multicultural orientation (MCO) in psychotherapy/counseling. The MCO framework consists of three pillars: cultural humility, cultural opportunities, and cultural comfort. Cultural humility emphasizes the therapist's willingness to learn from the client's cultural experiences and not assume expertise. Cultural opportunities involve recognizing and exploring cultural aspects that arise in therapy sessions. Cultural comfort refers to the therapist's ability to navigate discomfort when discussing cultural topics. The conversation also touches on the importance of understanding clients' values and beliefs, even when they differ from the therapist's own. The MCO framework focuses on the salient identities, values, and beliefs of clients and how they influence the therapeutic process. It emphasizes the importance of understanding and acknowledging the cultural values and identities of both the therapist and the client. The framework is not intended to be a social justice framework, but rather a process-based model for psychotherapy. It aims to help therapists effectively connect with clients and address their individual needs, regardless of their cultural background. MCO training can also be applied to supervision, with a focus on understanding how the supervisor's and supervisee's identities influence the therapeutic process. Machine learning is being used to develop automated tools that provide real-time feedback and training on MCO skills.


Guest Starring:

Dr. Jesse Owen

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In this conversation, Dan talks with Dr. Katie Aafjes van Doorn about the effectiveness of teletherapy. 

Katie shares her perspective on teletherapy and its benefits, as well as the differences between phone and video therapy. They also explore the importance of the therapeutic presence in teletherapy and its potential impact on treatment outcomes. This conversation explores the challenges and benefits of teletherapy, focusing on the concepts of presence, therapeutic alliance, and the real relationship. Additionally, they cover topics such as the impact of teletherapy on therapeutic presence, the informal and conversational nature of teletherapy, the challenges of therapist disclosure, and the lack of boundaries in the therapeutic relationship. In the conversation they also discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of teletherapy, the need for hybrid treatment approaches, and the impact of teletherapy on therapist fatigue. Additionally, the importance of training in teletherapy skills and the facilitation of interpersonal connection in teletherapy are explored. This conversation explores the challenges and opportunities of teletherapy, focusing on alliance ruptures, therapeutic skills, technical challenges, adapting approaches, training, client considerations, technical quality, pros and cons, effectiveness, attachment styles, and the importance of flexibility and individualized approaches.

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In this conversation, Dan and Dr. Terence Tracey talk about therapist expertise. 

Terry explains the importance of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) and the limitations of therapist expertise. They delve into the concept of hypothesis testing and the value of disconfirming hypotheses. Overall, the conversation explores the themes of therapy effectiveness, growth as a therapist, and the role of feedback in improving therapists' outcomes. The conversation explores the challenges of disconfirmation and the importance of routine outcome monitoring for therapist growth. It highlights the value of professional self-doubt and the willingness to ask questions and seek disconfirming evidence. The concept of confidence and the need to challenge and let go of ideas is discussed. The distinction between structured and unstructured professions is examined, with a focus on the ill-defined nature of psychotherapy. The role of deliberate practice in psychotherapy is explored, along with the need for supervision and ongoing feedback. The lack of improvement in therapists over time and the potential impact of training programs on therapist growth are also discussed. The conversation concludes with reflections on the reactions to the findings and the importance of minimizing confirmatory biases. The conversation explores the need for reflective practice in therapy and the barriers that prevent therapists from engaging in it. The idea of incentivizing reflective practice is discussed, along with the need for time to reflect and generate hypotheses. The conversation also touches on the challenges in integrating reflection into training and certification processes. The performative nature of expertise and the value of outcome data are explored. They cover topics such as building time for reflection, integrating reflection into practice, differentiating good and bad therapists, and the importance of outcome data.

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The Applied Psychology Podcast is hosted by Dan Cox and features conversations with the world's foremost applied psychology experts. We cover a variety of applied psychology topics such as psychotherapy, mental health, happiness, interpersonal relationships, and much more.

Listen to engaging and insightful episodes by subscribing to The Applied Psychology Podcast!

• music by audionautix.com

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Special Guest:
Dr. James Boswell

Society for Psychotherapy Research

Keywords

low motivation, readiness to change, diminished outcome expectations, non-directive approach, motivational interviewing, humanistic principles, ambivalence, transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy, tailor therapy, therapeutic process, client-therapist relationship, matching, therapist selection, outcomes, preferences, routine outcome monitoring, therapist effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses

Takeaways

• Low motivation and readiness to change are related concepts in therapy.
• Therapists should have discussions with clients about their concerns and difficulties with change.
• Motivational interviewing principles and humanistic principles are important in working with clients who are low on motivation.
• Therapists should explore ambivalence about change and therapy, and work on building motivation and hope.
• Transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy combines different disorder-specific treatments into one approach, providing a more efficient and evidence-based therapy.
• Therapists should tailor their approach based on the client's primary problem and explore their expectations and concerns.
• Bringing the therapeutic process into the room and using the client-therapist relationship can be effective in therapy, even when using a cognitive behavioral approach. 
• Matching clients with therapists based on characteristics like race or gender doesn't consistently lead to better outcomes.
• Matching black clients with a strong preference for black therapists can have a positive impact.
• Routine outcome monitoring feedback can be used to identify patterns of therapist effectiveness.
• Matching clients based on therapist outcomes can lead to more effective therapy.
• Therapists have concerns about how outcome data will be used and the potential consequences.
• There is a need for resources and training to help therapists improve in specific areas.
• The use of technology and AI could enhance process research and therapist training.
• The field needs to explore how to make use of session-level data to understand therapist effectiveness.
• Therapists and clients generally support the idea of using data to guide therapist selection.
• There is pushback from therapists who question the validity of outcome data and concerns about being pigeonholed.
• Resources for further exploration include articles by James Boswell and Michael Constantino on context responsive integration and the book 'Responsiveness in Psychotherapy' edited by Watson and Wiseman.

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In this episode of Psychotherapy and Applied Psychology, Dan is joined by Dr. James Boswell as they chat tailoring psychotherapy treatments to clients.

Dan and Dr. Boswell explore the challenges and strategies of tailoring psychotherapy to individual clients. Dr. Boswell discusses his own experiences as a graduate student, the importance of having a supportive mentor and stresses the growing need for empathy and problem-solving when working with overwhelmed graduate students. Dr. Boswell also highlights the significance of collaboration and client preferences in therapy, as well as the role of outcome and process research in tailoring treatment. The two then discuss the use of routine outcome monitoring and the "if-then" approach of therapy.

Stay tuned for Part 2!

Special Guest:
Dr. James Boswell
Society for Psychotherapy Research

Keywords

• Having a supportive mentor is crucial for graduate students who may feel overwhelmed by the demands of their program.
• Tailoring therapy to individual clients involves considering their preferences, expectations, and unique characteristics.
• Outcome research focuses on what works in therapy, while process research explores how and why therapy works.
• Routine outcome monitoring and the if-then approach can help therapists identify markers and adjust treatment accordingly.
• Collaboration and client feedback are essential in tailoring therapy and ensuring its effectiveness.

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On this episode, Dan is once again joined by Dr. Ron Levant

Join in on Part 2 of this amazing episode as Dan and Dr. Levant continue to talk masculinity, mental health, relationships, and societal perceptions. Dr. Levant shares insights on emotional intimacy, stress management, and the impact of masculine norms on mental health. He also discusses his personal journey, trauma, and the evolution of fatherhood. 

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On this episode, Dan is joined by Dr. Ron Levant.

Check out Part 1 of this amazing episode as Dan and Dr. Levant discuss a range of topics including Dr. Levant's work on the Fatherhood Project, the impact of masculine norms on emotional expression, and the development of the Male Role Norms Inventory. He also delves into the concept of normative male alexithymia and its implications for mental health and stress management. Then, Dan and Dr. Levant explore the importance of emotional expression for men and the need for interventions to address normative male alexithymia.

Stay tuned for Part 2!

Special guest: Dr. Ronald F Levant
TheToughStandard.com
Assessing and Treating Emotionally Inexpressive Men - 1st Edition - Ma (routledge.com)
https://www.amazon.com/Psychology-Masculinities-Ronald-Levant-ABPP/dp/1433826909

Keywords: Normative male alexithymia, gender roles, fatherhood, parent education, emotionally inexpressive men

Takeaways
Research on parent education often excludes dads, highlighting the need for father-friendly programs.

Cultural and societal norms play a significant role in shaping gender roles and expectations.

The concept of normative male alexithymia suggests that boys who conform to masculine norms may lose their facial expressivity over time.

Women have played a crucial role in challenging traditional gender roles and gaining financial independence.

Interventions and programs are needed to address emotionally inexpressive men and help them navigate societal expectations.

Sound Bites
"Research is me search."

"Maybe it wasn't that Ron LeVant just sucked at being a father, but that men of my generation had really not been prepared to be hands-on parents."

"We're going to help you become a better dad the way you might've learned a sport like golf or tennis."

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Join in on Part 2 of the conversation with Dan and his guest Dr. Nadya Fouad as they continue to discuss women's career development in this episode of Psychotherapy & Applied Psychology, 

Dr. Fouad joins in from the Counseling Psychology division of the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Wisconsin. Join Dan and Dr. Fouad as they discuss women's career development, cultural contexts, and the impact of societal changes on career choices. In Part 1, they delve into the challenges of balancing work and family, the evolution of women's roles in the workforce, the intersectionality of gender, race, and relationship dynamics that adds complexity to women's career development, and so much more!

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In this episode of Psychotherapy & Applied Psychology, Dan is joined by Dr. Nadya Fouad as they discuss women's career development.

Dr. Fouad joins in from the Counseling Psychology division of the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Wisconsin. Join Dan and Dr. Fouad as they discuss women's career development, cultural contexts, and the impact of societal changes on career choices. In Part 1, they delve into the challenges of balancing work and family, the evolution of women's roles in the workforce, the intersectionality of gender, race, and relationship dynamics that adds complexity to women's career development, and so much more!

Keep an eye out for Part 2 next week!

Special Guest:
Dr. Nadya Fouad

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In this conversation, Dan chats with Dr. Ken miller about his work in the area civilian mental health in war zones.

In this conversation, Dr. Miller discusses his journey from studying adolescent suicide to working with refugees affected by armed conflict. Dr. Miller explains the importance of addressing both war-related trauma and day-to-day stressors in the lives of civilians affected by war. He highlights the need to prioritize parents' well-being in interventions and shares an example of a stress management technique called counting the breath. Miller emphasizes the impact of these interventions on improving parents' mental health and parenting practices. In this conversation, Dr. Miller discusses stress management techniques, mindfulness, and deescalation techniques that can be used to manage triggers and maintain emotional well-being. He emphasizes the importance of addressing the social determinants of distress and creating supportive environments for children. Dr. Miller also shares his experiences working with fathers and the impact they have on their children's development. He highlights the need for practitioners to go beyond individual therapy and consider the larger social and cultural contexts when working with refugees and immigrants. Lastly, Dr. Miller reflects on the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza and the importance of creating safety and ending the Israel-Palestine war for healing to occur.

Links to Dr. Miller's work:
Book: War Torn
Book: The Mental Health of Refugees
Film: Unholy Ground
Blog: The Refuge Experience
Blog: Dispatches from the Field: War, Culture, and Mental Health
Connect with Ken on LinkedIn
See Dr. Miller's Academic Work

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In this conversation, Dan  chats with Dr. Matthew Large about his experiences in the field of mental health, his research on suicide prediction, and how Suicide Risk Assessment can often times be ineffective. 

Dan and Dr. Large dive into a number of hard-hitting  topics in this 7th episode: the challenges of balancing clinical work and research, the limitations of Suicide Risk Assessment, and more! Dr. Large shares personal stories on their career and what led  to a life in medicine and psychiatry. They also touch on the progress and changes in the field of mental health, including the closure of asylums and the improvement in the treatment of mental illness. The conversation explores the limitations of suicide risk assessment and the over-reliance on categorizing patients as high or low risk. Dr. Large touches on how risk assessment tools have modest predictive abilities and that suicide is a complex and unpredictable phenomenon. Dan and Dr. Large suggest that clinicians should prioritize building rapport with patients and providing individualized care rather than relying solely on risk assessment.

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Welcome back to Psychotherapy & Applied Psychology!

In our first episode of season two, Dan is joined by Dr. Simon Goldberg, Associate Professor in the Department of Counseling Psychology and Core Faculty at the Center for Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin.

Dan and Dr. Goldberg explore the topics of rejection and setbacks in academia, positive experiences in collaboration, and the differentiation between mindfulness and meditation. Dr. Goldberg shares his personal experiences with rejection and the impact it had on his early career. He also discusses a positive experience of collaboration and the joy and inspiration he felt working with respected scholars. Dan then delves into the area of mindfulness and meditation, with Dr. Goldberg explaining the difference between the two and his own daily meditation practice.

Special Guest: Dr. Simon Goldberg

Episode Links:

Healthy Minds

Smiling Mind

Headspace

Mindfulness: A Practical Guide to Awakening

The Great Psychotherapy Debate

Mindfulness and progressive muscle relaxation as standardized session‐introduction in individual therapy: A randomized controlled trial

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In the 2nd episode of season two, Dan continues his conversation with Dr. Simon Goldberg, Associate Professor in the Department of Counseling Psychology and Core Faculty at the Center for Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin.

Dan and Dr. Goldberg explore the topics of rejection and setbacks in academia, positive experiences in collaboration, and the differentiation between mindfulness and meditation. Dr. Goldberg shares his personal experiences with rejection and the impact it had on his early career. He also discusses a positive experience of collaboration and the joy and inspiration he felt working with respected scholars. Dan then delves into the area of mindfulness and meditation, with Dr. Goldberg explaining the difference between the two and his own daily meditation practice. 

Special Guest: Dr. Simon Goldberg

Episode Links:

Healthy Minds

Smiling Mind

Headspace

Mindfulness: A Practical Guide to Awakening

The Great Psychotherapy Debate

Mindfulness and progressive muscle relaxation as standardized session‐introduction in individual therapy: A randomized controlled trial

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Dan is joined by Dr. Antonio Pascual-Leone in this episode focusing on ****. 

Dr. Pascual-Leone runs the Emotion Change Lab at the University of Windsor and supervises research on the processes of emotional change as they occur in psychotherapy and in everyday life. Dr. Pascual-Leone usually teaches courses on psychotherapy interventions and has coauthored a book on Emotion Focused Therapy.

In this conversation, Dr. Pascual-Leone discusses the differences between clinicians and researchers and emphasizes the lack of feedback clinicians receive on their effectiveness. Dan and Dr. Pascual-Leone explore the significance of emotional processing in therapy and their combined understanding of psychology. The discussion also touches on the influence of mentorship in academia and the intrinsic motivations behind conducting research, highlighting the importance of making a real-world impact through psychological findings.

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Dan is joined by Dr. Antonio Pascual-Leone in this episode focusing on emotion processing in psychotherapy. 
 
In Part 2 of this conversation, Dr. Antonio Pascual-Leone delves into the complexities of emotion processing, exploring the distinctions between adaptive and maladaptive emotions, the sequential model of emotional processing, and the importance of self-compassion in therapeutic settings. They discuss how emotional awareness and expression can lead to healthier emotional states and the challenges faced in emotion processing research. 
 
Dr. Antonio Pascual-Leone is a clinical psychologist and professor at the University of Windsor. He is an expert in emotion-focused therapy (EFT) and known for his research on emotional change, particularly in resolving unresolved emotional pain. His work emphasizes how structured therapeutic processes can help clients move through emotional difficulties and improve mental health. He has authored or co-authored several books including Emotion-Focused Therapy for Complex Trauma and Principles of Emotion Change: What works and when in psychotherapy and everyday. He has won several awards including several awards for his research and for his teaching.

Special Guest: Dr. Antonio Pascual-Leone

📖 Emotion-Focused Therapy for Complex Trauma

📖 Principles of Emotion Change: What works and when in psychotherapy and everyday

🎦 Ted talk on how to get over the end of a relationship

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Dan is joined by Dr. Ken Critchfield to dive deep in the science of interactions. Dr. Critchfield is Associate Professor and Program Director of the Clinical Psychology Program of the Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology at Yeshiva University.

Dr. Critchfield discusses his creative aspirations, particularly in pottery and music, and how these interests intersect with his professional journey in psychology. He delves into the SASB model, a framework for understanding interpersonal behavior (7:14), emphasizing the importance of relationships and the influence of his mentor. Then, Dan and Dr. Critchfield discuss the dimensions of SASB (28:34), including focus, affiliation, and interdependence, and how these concepts apply to therapeutic contexts and personal interactions.

Special Guest: Dr. Ken Critchfield

Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB): A Primer for Clinical Use

IRT Institute

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In part 2, Dan and Dr. Ken Critchfield continue to dive deep into the science of interactions and the SASB.

Dr. Critchfield is Associate Professor and Program Director of the Clinical Psychology Program of the Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology at Yeshiva University.

Dr. Critchfield explains the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model, discussing its terminology, the importance of understanding interpersonal dynamics, and the application of the model in clinical settings. Then, explore the concepts of focus on self and focus on other, the idea of introject, and the significance of measurement in therapy. Dan ask about the case study of a certain client and how it illustrates how early attachment experiences shape current behaviours and relationships. Dr. Critchfield touches on the pushback of the SASB model has received and how its potential for integration crosses various therapeutic approaches.

Special Guest: Dr. Ken Critchfield

Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB): A Primer for Clinical Use

IRT Institute

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Dan and this week's guest, Dr. Paul Hewitt, embark on a quest into the psychology of perfectionism.

Paul Hewitt is a registered clinical psychologist and a Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of British Columbia. He has published over 300 research papers, books, and chapters on perfectionism, psychopathology, and psychotherapy, was cited as one of the top 10 Canadian clinical psychology professors for research productivity, and was recently awarded the Donald O. Hebb Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology as a Science by the Canadian Psychological Association.

Dr. Hewitt discusses the complexities of perfectionism and its implications in psychotherapy. He emphasizes the importance of humility in clinical practice and shares personal anecdotes about his journey in understanding perfectionism. The discussion delves into the definitions, traits, and interpersonal expressions of perfectionism, highlighting its deep-rooted psychological impacts. Dan and Dr. Hewitt also outline therapeutic approaches to address perfectionism, focusing on the significance of a strong therapeutic alliance and the need for self-acceptance.

Special guest: Dr. Paul Hewitt

(free) Tools to assess perfectionism

Books on Perfectionism
- Perfectionism in Childhood and Adolescence: A Developmental Approach
- Perfectionism: A Relational Approach to Conceptualization, Assessment, and Treatment

Other resources
- Clients Struggling With Perfectionism
- Group Psychodynamic-Interpersonal Psychotherapy

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Join Dan and returning guest, Dr. Paul Hewitt, and continue deeper into the psychology of perfectionism.

Dr. Paul Hewitt is a registered clinical psychologist and a Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of British Columbia. He has published over 300 research papers, books, and chapters on perfectionism, psychopathology, and psychotherapy, was cited as one of the top 10 Canadian clinical psychology professors for research productivity, and was recently awarded the Donald O. Hebb Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology as a Science by the Canadian Psychological Association.

In part 2, Dan and Dr. Hewitt explore the complexities of perfectionism in therapy, emphasizing the importance of vulnerability and the therapeutic alliance. They discuss how perfectionism often stems from unmet relational needs and the emotional pain associated with it. Then, Dr. Hewitt elaborates on the effectiveness of group therapy for perfectionistic individuals and critiques the limitations of cognitive behavioural therapy in addressing deeper relational issues. They finish by discussing the emerging research on perfectionism in children and the need for a more nuanced understanding of psychological constructs beyond traditional DSM categories.

Special guest: Dr. Paul Hewitt

(free) Tools to assess perfectionism

Books on Perfectionism
- Perfectionism in Childhood and Adolescence: A Developmental Approach
- Perfectionism: A Relational Approach to Conceptualization, Assessment, and Treatment

Other resources
- Clients Struggling With Perfectionism
- Group Psychodynamic-Interpersonal Psychotherapy

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Due to popular demand, this weeks episode is a deep dive into what you should consider when deciding which graduate programs in counseling or clinical psychology to apply to.

Dan is joined by Amie Orsetti, a graduate student from the University of British Columbia. Amie and Dan discuss the nuances of choosing between clinical and counselling psychology programs, the importance of understanding program differences, and the impact of geographical restrictions on application decisions. They delve into the distinctions between PhD and PsyD programs, the significance of accreditation, and strategies for researching graduate programs effectively, and the importance of applying to multiple programs.

Useful Resources:

Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology
Canadian Accredited Programs 
American Accredited Programs 

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This weeks episode is a deep dive into how you can strengthen your graduate-school application to counselling or clinical psychology graduate programs. 

Amie is back to discuss the intricacies of applying to graduate school, focusing on writing applications, crafting personal statements, and preparing for interviews. Dan and Amie share practical tips on overcoming initial writing hurdles, generating ideas, and the importance of reflection on personal motivations. The discussion also covers how to effectively communicate research interests, the significance of letters of recommendation, and strategies for engaging with potential supervisors. Throughout, they emphasize the balance between personal and professional experiences, the need for preparation, and the importance of enthusiasm during interviews.

Useful Resources:

Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology
Canadian Accredited Programs
American Accredited Programs 

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In this conversation, Dan talks with Johanna Mickelson about the Distress-Processing Model for people in suicidal crisis. In this conversation, Johanna shares her experiences working in a crisis center and discusses the challenges and insights gained from her time in crisis management.

Most of the conversation focuses on the Distress-Processing Model for people in suicidal crisis: Its development and application. The Distress processing model consists of the stages that people go through to move through their suicidal crisis. The stages consist of:

• Unengaged with distress: Minimal or no engagement with distress.
• Distress awareness: Recognizing distressing behaviors, emotions, or thoughts.
• Distress connection: Linking distress to specific stressors or experiences.
• Distress insight: Gaining an understanding of why the distress is personally relevant.
• Applying distress insight: Using new insights to identify ways forward.

Special Guest: Johanna Mickelson

Links to the Article
Link 1
Link 2

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Dan welcomes back Johanna Mickelson as we dive back into the Distress-Processing Model and the significance of reflection and reading in developing insights and fostering better conversations.

Dan and Johanna explore the concept of the 'helper' in discussions, emphasizing the importance of clarity and nuance in communication. Then, they delve into how understanding these elements can enhance dialogue and lead to more meaningful exchanges.

The stages of the distress-processing model consist of:

• Unengaged with distress: Minimal or no engagement with distress.
• Distress awareness: Recognizing distressing behaviors, emotions, or thoughts.
• Distress connection: Linking distress to specific stressors or experiences.
• Distress insight: Gaining an understanding of why the distress is personally relevant.
• Applying distress insight: Using new insights to identify ways forward.

Special Guest: Johanna Mickelson

Links to the Article
Link 1
Link 2

If you don't have access to the article, just let me know!

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In this conversation, Dan and Dr. Ueli Kramer explore the intricacies of therapy, focusing on the change process, the concept of responsiveness, and the importance of case formulation in treating personality disorders. Dr. Kramer emphasizes the emotional aspects of therapy, the need for therapists to be responsive to clients' needs, and the significance of understanding the underlying motives behind clients' behaviours. They discuss how therapists can adapt their approaches based on the context and the individual client, ultimately aiming to enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Guest: Dr. Ueli Kramer

Additional Resources

Case Formulation for Personality Disorders: Tailoring Psychotherapy to the Individual Client

Understanding Mechanisms of Change in Psychotherapies for Personality Disorders

Psychotherapy Skills and Methods that Work

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Dr. Ueli Kramer joins Dan in this latest episode focusing on personality disorder diagnoses, treatment and more. 

Dr. Kramer discusses his journey through self-doubt in clinical practice, the evolution of personality disorder classifications, and the transition from categorical to dimensional approaches in diagnosis. Then, Dr. Kramer breaks down the ICD-11 personality disorder system, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. They also talk about Borderline Personality Disorder in DSM and ICD. The episode concludes with the importance of understanding the severity of personality disorders and the impact of diagnostic language on stigma and treatment.

Guest: Dr. Ueli Kramer

Additional Resources

Case Formulation for Personality Disorders: Tailoring Psychotherapy to the Individual Client

Understanding Mechanisms of Change in Psychotherapies for Personality Disorders

Psychotherapy Skills and Methods that Work

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Dan is joined by Dr. Dennis Kivlighan, an expert in group psychotherapy. In this conversation, Dr. Kivlighan discusses the profound impact of experiential learning in therapy, the complexities of group dynamics, and the importance of corrective experiences. Dr. Kivlighan emphasizes the role of group members in the therapeutic process and advocates for a training model that prioritizes real experiences and feedback. The conversation highlights the significance of understanding interpersonal relationships and the social microcosm within therapy.

Special Guest: Dr. Dennis Kivlighan

Additional Resources

Three important clinical processes in individual and group interpersonal psychotherapy sessions

From where is the group? To what is the group?: Contributions of actor−partner interdependence modeling

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In this conversation Dan Has with Dr. Dennis Kivlighan they delve into the complexities of group dynamics, focusing on the actor-partner model, the significance of conflict in group development, and the importance of understanding member variability. Dr. Kivlighan shares insights on how perceptions of engagement influence behavior within groups, the role of consensual validation, and the necessity of addressing conflict as a learning opportunity. The discussion also highlights the challenges faced in group therapy settings and proposes strategies for effective group management.

Special Guest: Dr. Dennis Kivlighan

Additional Resources

Three important clinical processes in individual and group interpersonal psychotherapy sessions

From where is the group? To what is the group?: Contributions of actor−partner interdependence modeling

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Join in and welcome back Dr. Carl Castro as he and Dan continue their conversation on military and veteran mental health.

Dr. Castro discusses the various aspects of veteran support, comparing the U.S. system to those of other countries, the unique status of veterans in society, and the impact of historical events like the Vietnam War on current veteran treatment. Dive into the complexities of the combat veteran experience, including the combat veteran paradox and the PTSD paradox, emphasizing the importance of normalizing feelings and experiences for veterans. 

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Welcome back! In the first episode of 2025, Dan is joined by Dr. Carl Castro, professor and director of the Military and Veteran Programs at the University of Southern California.

Join in on the conversation as Dan and Dr. Castro dive into military culture and the  transition from military to academia. Dr. Castro emphasizes the importance of military identity in the transition process and introduces his military transition theory, highlighting the challenges veterans face as well as advice for service members on maintaining their hustle and adapting to civilian life.

Special Guest: Dr. Carl Castro

USC Military & Veteran Programs

Cohen Veterans Network

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Dan is joined by Dr. Catherine Eubanks to break down alliance ruptures in psychotherapy. Dr. Eubanks is a Professor of Psychology at Adelphi University.

Dan and Dr. Eubanks discusses the concept of ruptures in therapy, their relationship to the therapeutic alliance, and the importance of understanding and repairing these ruptures. Then, Dr. Eubanks shares her journey into this field, the significance of training therapists in alliance-focused techniques, and how identity and cultural factors can influence ruptures. Their discussion emphasizes the complexity of therapeutic relationships and the need for therapists to be aware of subtle signs of rupture and repair.

Special Guest: Dr. Catherine Eubanks

Center for Alliance-Focused Training

Therapist Performance Under Pressure: Negotiating Emotion, Difference, and Rupture

Book: Rupture and Repair in Psychotherapy: A Critical Process for Change

Training Video: Rupture and Repair in Psychotherapy

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Dr. Catherine Eubanks returns to continue the conversation with Dan on alliance ruptures in psychotherapy. 

Dan and Dr. Eubanks continue to dive deep into the complexities of ruptures and repairs in therapy. They discuss the challenges therapists face in exploring ruptures, the importance of recognizing therapist-initiated ruptures, and the role of anxiety in therapeutic relationships. Dr. Eubanks emphasizes the need for therapists to trust the process and be aware of their own anxieties, while also advocating for a broader understanding of ruptures in various contexts beyond therapy.

Special Guest: Dr. Catherine Eubanks

Center for Alliance-Focused Training

Therapist Performance Under Pressure: Negotiating Emotion, Difference, and Rupture

Book: Rupture and Repair in Psychotherapy: A Critical Process for Change

Training Video: Rupture and Repair in Psychotherapy

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In this conversation, Dr. William Stiles discusses the significance of reflection in therapeutic practice and the challenges of measuring therapeutic techniques through process research. Dr. Stiles introduces the concept of responsiveness in therapy, highlighting the importance of understanding what the client needs at any given moment. He elaborates on the assimilation model, which focuses on transforming problematic experiences into resources, and the role of meaning bridges in facilitating this process. The conversation also touches on the integral role of emotion in therapy and the idea that while therapies may reduce distress, they do not necessarily lead to uniform outcomes among clients.

Special Guest: Dr. William Stiles

Additional Resources:

Stiles, W. B. (2021). Responsiveness in psychotherapy research: Problems and ways forward. In J. C. Watson & H. Wiseman (Eds), The responsive psychotherapist: Attuning to clients in the moment (pp. 15-35). Washington, DC: APA Books. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000240-002

Stiles, W. B. (2009). Logical operations in theory-building case studies. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 5(3), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v5i3.973. Available: http://jrul.libraries.rutgers.edu/index.php/pcsp/article/view/973

Stiles, W. B. (2017). Theory-building case studies. In D. Murphy (Ed.), Counselling psychology: A textbook for study and practice (pp. 439-452). Chichester, UK: Wiley.

Stiles, W. B. (2011). Coming to terms. Psychotherapy Research, 21, 367-384. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2011.582186

Stiles, W. B. (1992). Describing talk: A taxonomy of verbal response modes. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Stiles, W. B., Shapiro, D. A., & Elliott, R. (1986). "Are all psychotherapies equivalent?" American Psychologist, 41, 165-180.

Stiles, W. B., Barkham, M., Mellor-Clark, J., & Connell, J. (2008). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural, person-centred, and psychodynamic therapies in UK primary care routine practice: Replication in a larger sample. Psychological Medicine, 38, 677–688. Published online 10 September 2007, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291707001511.

Stiles, W. B. (1987). "I have to talk to somebody." A fever model of disclosure. In V. J. Derlega & J. H. Berg (Eds.), Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy (pp. 257-282). New York: Plenum Press.

Stiles, W. B., Honos-Webb, L., & Surko, M. (1998). Responsiveness in psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5, 439-458.

Stiles, W. B., (in preparation). How talking helps: The assimilation model.

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Dr. Bill Stiles returns to the show to continue the discussion on understanding responsiveness in psychotherapy.

Dr. Stiles discusses the Fever Model in therapy, emphasizing the relationship between client disclosures and therapeutic outcomes. He explores how depression can impede the natural process of disclosure, which is often an adaptive response to psychological distress. Then, Dan and Dr. Stiles delve into the complexities of responsiveness in therapy, the challenges faced by novice therapists, and the importance of theory building through case studies. 

Special Guest: Dr. William Stiles

Additional Resources:

Stiles, W. B. (2021). Responsiveness in psychotherapy research: Problems and ways forward. In J. C. Watson & H. Wiseman (Eds), The responsive psychotherapist: Attuning to clients in the moment (pp. 15-35). Washington, DC: APA Books. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000240-002

Stiles, W. B. (2009). Logical operations in theory-building case studies. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 5(3), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v5i3.973. Available: http://jrul.libraries.rutgers.edu/index.php/pcsp/article/view/973

Stiles, W. B. (2017). Theory-building case studies. In D. Murphy (Ed.), Counselling psychology: A textbook for study and practice (pp. 439-452). Chichester, UK: Wiley.

Stiles, W. B. (2011). Coming to terms. Psychotherapy Research, 21, 367-384. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2011.582186

Stiles, W. B. (1992). Describing talk: A taxonomy of verbal response modes. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Stiles, W. B., Shapiro, D. A., & Elliott, R. (1986). "Are all psychotherapies equivalent?" American Psychologist, 41, 165-180.

Stiles, W. B., Barkham, M., Mellor-Clark, J., & Connell, J. (2008). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural, person-centred, and psychodynamic therapies in UK primary care routine practice: Replication in a larger sample. Psychological Medicine, 38, 677–688. Published online 10 September 2007, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291707001511.

Stiles, W. B. (1987). "I have to talk to somebody." A fever model of disclosure. In V. J. Derlega & J. H. Berg (Eds.), Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy (pp. 257-282). New York: Plenum Press.

Stiles, W. B., Honos-Webb, L., & Surko, M. (1998). Responsiveness in psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5, 439-458.

Stiles, W. B., (in preparation). How talking helps: The assimilation model.

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Dan is joined by Dr. Stephanie Budge, Professor and the Director of Clinical Training in Counseling Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. 

In this conversation, Dr. Budge discusses her journey into the field of psychology, focusing on bisexuality and the need for better mental health support for trans individuals. She shares her experiences in academia, the challenges faced in researching LGBTQ+ topics, and the importance of trans affirmative therapy. Dan and Dr. Budge discuss essential terminology, the ethical considerations in therapy, and practical advice for therapists working with trans clients, emphasizing the need for understanding, practice, and balance in therapeutic relationships.

Special Guest: Dr. Stephanie Budge

Practice with Pronouns

World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care

GALUP: The Gender Affirming Letter Access Project

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Dan is joined by Dr. Stephanie Budge, Professor and the Director of Clinical Training in the Department of Counseling Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. 

Part two of Dan's conversation with Dr. Budge delves into the complexities of minority stress, particularly for transgender individuals, and the therapeutic approaches that can help mitigate its effects. The conversation moves to the importance of psychoeducation, the role of internalized stigma, and the innovative frameworks like radical healing that aim to empower marginalized communities and the evolving nature of referral letters in the context of informed consent.

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Dan is joined by Dr. Craig Bryan, a board-certified clinical psychologist in cognitive behavioural psychology. He is the Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR) Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.

The episode starts with Dr. Bryan sharing his journey into the field of suicide prevention, detailing his experiences in graduate school, military service, and the harsh realities of suicide he faced. Dy. Bryan critiques traditional approaches to understanding and preventing suicide, advocating for a reframing of suicide as a behavioural choice rather than solely a mental health issue. Dr. Bryan introduces crisis response planning as a vital intervention, emphasizing the importance of personalizing these plans and the role of means restriction counseling in suicide prevention. 

Special Guest: Dr. Craig Bryan

SuicidePreventionTherapy.com

Re-thinking Suicide (book)

Crisis Response Planning

Lethal Means Counseling

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Part two of Dan's conversation with Dr. Craig Bryan, a board-certified clinical psychologist in cognitive behavioural psychology. He is the Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR) Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.Summary

Dan and Dr. Bryan discuss a transformative approach to suicide prevention, emphasizing the importance of reframing the concept from merely keeping individuals alive to helping them find a life worth living. Dr. Bryan advocates for a collaborative risk assessment model that prioritizes patient needs and experiences over traditional checklist methods. Dr. Bryan also critiques the effectiveness of hospitalization in preventing suicide, suggesting that it may not address the underlying issues and can sometimes exacerbate the situation.

Special Guest: Dr. Craig Bryan

SuicidePreventionTherapy.com

Re-thinking Suicide (book)

Crisis Response Planning

Lethal Means Counseling

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Part 2 of the conversation with Dr. Josie Geller, Associate Professor of UBC Department of Psychiatry, Division of Adult Psychiatry and Mental Health Services and the Director of Research of the Eating Disorders Program at St. Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver.

Dan and Dr. Geller explore the significance of self-compassion in the context of eating disorders, highlighting the barriers individuals face in practicing self-compassion and the role of validation in overcoming these barriers. Then, they discuss the importance of collaborative care over directive care in treatment settings and critiques the current DSM-5 criteria for eating disorders, advocating for a more inclusive approach that considers life impairment rather than strict diagnostic criteria.

Special Guest: Dr. Josie Geller

Centre for Advancing Health

The power of feeling seen: Perspectives of individuals with eating disorders on receiving validation

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Dan is joined by Dr. Josie Geller, Associate Professor of UBC Department of Psychiatry, Division of Adult Psychiatry and Mental Health Services and the Director of Research of the Eating Disorders Program at St. Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver.

Dr. Gellar shares her personal journey with eating disorders and how it shaped her career in psychotherapy. She discusses the importance of understanding the function of eating disorders, the role of motivation and readiness in treatment, and the shift towards a more compassionate and individualized approach to recovery. Then, Dan and Dr. Geller highlight the significance of self-compassion and the need for a supportive therapeutic relationship in facilitating change.

Special Guest: Dr. Josie Geller

Centre for Advancing Health

The power of feeling seen: Perspectives of individuals with eating disorders on receiving validation

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Dan is joined by Dr. Jill Harkavy-Friedman, Senior Vice President of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention.

Dan and Dr. Harkavy-Friedman discuss the complexities surrounding suicide, and the stigma that has historically hindered open discussions. Dr. Harkavy-Friedman highlights the role of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP) in advancing research and advocacy, the challenges of addressing gambling disorders in relation to suicide, and the importance of community engagement in prevention efforts.

The American Foundation for Suicide Prevention is dedicated to saving lives and bringing hope to those affected by suicide, including those who have experienced a loss. AFSP creates a culture that’s smart about mental health through public education and community programs, develops suicide prevention through research and advocacy, and provides support for those affected by suicide.

AFSP is the largest private funder of suicide prevention research, dedicated to understanding suicide and identifying evidence-informed strategies to help save lives. Researchers can explore its priority areas and grant application process by visiting afsp.org/research.

Learn more about AFSP in its latest Annual Report and join the conversation on suicide prevention by following AFSP on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and

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🎞️ Video version of the show@PsychotherapyAppliedPsychology on YouTube
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Dan is joined by Dr. Jill Harkavy-Friedman, Senior Vice President of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention.

Join in for part two of the discussion with Dr. Harkavy-Friedman. Dr. Harkavy-Friedman discusses her role as a translator of research into actionable insights for suicide prevention. She emphasizes the importance of a conceptual model in research applications and shares advice for early career researchers seeking grants. The discussion also covers the future of suicide prevention, the role of policy advocacy, and the complexities of psychosis and its relationship to suicide. 

The American Foundation for Suicide Prevention is dedicated to saving lives and bringing hope to those affected by suicide, including those who have experienced a loss. AFSP creates a culture that’s smart about mental health through public education and community programs, develops suicide prevention through research and advocacy, and provides support for those affected by suicide.

AFSP is the largest private funder of suicide prevention research, dedicated to understanding suicide and identifying evidence-informed strategies to help save lives. Researchers can explore its priority areas and grant application process by visiting afsp.org/research.

Learn more about AFSP in its latest Annual Report and join the conversation on suicide prevention by following AFSP on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and

💬 Click here to text the show!

🎞️ Video version of the show@PsychotherapyAppliedPsychology on YouTube
🛜 Check out the website: Listen to every episode on your podcast player of choice

Connect with Dan
☏ Leave a voice message on Speakpipe
🔗 LinkedIn
📬 TheAppliedPsychologyPodcast@gmail.com

🦋@danielwcox.bsky.social

Dan welcomes Dr. Simon Rice, Clinical Psychologist and Principal Research Fellow based at Orygen, Centre for Youth Mental Health at The University of Melbourne, Australia.

Dan and Dr Rice start the conversation on the complexities of men's mental health, particularly focusing on the unique aspects of male depression and the influence of masculine norms. Dr. Rice then covers the dual nature of masculine norms, generational shifts in adherence to these norms, and the cultural influences that affect how men express and cope with depression. The conversation emphasizes the need for better support systems and the importance of fostering strong social relationships among men.

Special Guest: Dr. Simon Rice

Movember

Movember Men's Health Institute

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🎞️ Video version of the show@PsychotherapyAppliedPsychology on YouTube
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Dan welcomes back Dr. Simon Rice, Clinical Psychologist and Principal Research Fellow based at Orygen, Centre for Youth Mental Health at The University of Melbourne, Australia.

Dan and Dr. Rice continue diving into the complexities of men's mental health, particularly focusing on suicide risks and the societal norms surrounding masculinity that often prevent men from seeking help. They highlight the importance of effective communication strategies for supporting men in distress, the role of "Movember" in advancing men's health initiatives, and the challenges faced in advocating for men's health in a contested space while emphasizing that improving men's health ultimately benefits everyone in their lives.

Special Guest: Dr. Simon Rice

Movember

Movember Men's Health Institute

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🎞️ Video version of the show@PsychotherapyAppliedPsychology on YouTube
🛜 Check out the website: Listen to every episode on your podcast player of choice

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Dr. Terence Tracey returns for part 2.

Dan and Dr. Tracey continue the conversation as they explore the origins of interests, particularly in relation to gender differences and cultural influences. Dr. Tracey then delves into the nature vs. nurture debate, examining how interests may be hardwired or learned, and how they manifest differently across cultures. The impact of developmental changes during adolescence on interests is also highlighted, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in education. At the end, they address the role of interests in career counseling and the ethical considerations of navigating gender norms in career choices.

Special Guest: Dr. Terence Tracey

The Personal Growth Inventory

Gender Differences on Interests

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🎞️ Video version of the show@PsychotherapyAppliedPsychology on YouTube
🛜 Check out the website: Listen to every episode on your podcast player of choice

Connect with Dan
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📬 TheAppliedPsychologyPodcast@gmail.com

🦋@danielwcox.bsky.social