Caroline joins Bob to talk about her true passion Native Grasses. Learn how these grasses can add to the diversity of life in the landscapes of our neighborhoods.

Related episodes: Lawns, Boxwood Bash

Our sources for this episode include:

• Understanding Roots by Robert Kourik
• Benefits of Native Grasses in Urban Landscaping
• Beyond Flowers: Enhancing Wildlife Gardens with Native Grasses
• Establishing Early Successional Habitat for Wildlife

Bob and Greg delve into one of their favorite plants, the Prickly Pear Cactus. It has a range far beyond the dessert so you should be able to find it in your area.

Our sources for this episode include:

• US Forest Service Prickly Pear
• What Animals Eat Cactus
• 5 Facts About Prickly Pear Cactus
• Nine Interesting Facts about Prickly Pear

Bob and co host Charles are joined by Doug Chadwick, author of The Wolverine Way. Doug is celebrating the listing of wolverines as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.

Related episode: Four Fifths a Grizzly with Doug Chadwick

For more information, please see:

• The Wolverine Way at Patagonia Books
• Vital Ground Foundation

Bob invites his partner Beth to share her passion for children’s literature by describing 6 of her favorite books about the eclipse. In addition, Bob offers suggestions about places to view the totality of the solar eclipse including the Jenkins Forever Farm animal sanctuary where you can join Nature Guys for this spectacular display on April 8, 2024.

Related episode: Eclipse with Dean Regas

Here are the books Beth reviewed and recommends. Check them out at your local library or independent bookstore!

1. Sunpainters: Eclipse of the Navajo Sun, written and illustrated by Baje Whitethorne
2. Looking Up! The Science of Stargazing by meteorologist Joe Rao and illustrated by Mark Borgions, Ready to Read book bin the Science of Fun Stuff series
3. A Few Beautiful Minutes: Experiencing a Solar Eclipse, written by Kate Allen Fox, illustrated by Khoa Le
4. The Moon Book, New and Updated by Gail Gibbons
5. Totality! An Eclipse Guide inn Rhyme and Science by Jeffrey Bennett, one of the Big Kid Science series
6. Eclipse Chaser: Science in the Moon’s Shadow by Ilima Loomis with photographs by Amanda Cowan, one of the Scientists in the Field adventure collection

Bob and Beth will be at the Jenkins Forever Farm. To reserve a Spot for the Eclipse Viewing at Jenkins Forever Farm: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/total-eclipse-of-the-farm-tickets-795748113027

Info from Dean Regas, Your Astronomer Host of the Looking Up podcast

• Check out the recording of Dean Regas's Eclipse class that Bob and Beth listened to live on Feb 6, 2024
• Interactive eclipse map
• Clear Sky Chart (for Cincinnati but you can pick your location and then bookmark it)
• Stellarium free sky simulation software
• Totality App: Available at https://eclipse.aas.org/totality or standard app stores
• Follow along on Dean’s social media channels for more leading up to the eclipse. They are all on the top of Dean’s website so you can pick your favorite.

Bob and Charles tackle one of the hardest subjects that Nature Guys has ever undertaken. In part 1 of Passenger Pigeon they go back in time to experience what this bird was like and how humans managed to wipe out this bird. Part 2 covers what we have learned and not learned from the Passenger Pigeon.

Related episodes: Passenger Pigeon Part 1, The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy

For more information, we recommend these books:

• Wild New World The Epic Story of Animals and People in America by Dan Flores (Bob's pick)
• Man and Nature by George Perkins Marsh (Charles's pick)

Here are books Charles read; the links are to a non-profit website (www.bookshop.org). If you buy these books through the links below it gives Charles's blog credit which does him a lot of good!

• Silent Wings: A Memorial to the Passenger Pigeon (Edited by Wlater Edwin Scott)
• The Passenger Pigeon by Errol Fuller
• The Passenger Pigeon: Its Natural History and Extinction by W.A. Schorger
• A Feathered River Across the Sky: The Passenger Pigeon's Flight to Extinction By Joel Greenberg

Here are links to the relevant posts on Charles’s blog called Gulo in Nature:

• Why is it bad when species go extinct? 
• What is a keystone species? 

Bob and Charles tackle one of the hardest subjects that Nature Guys has ever undertaken. In part 1 of Passenger Pigeon they go back in time to experience what this bird was like. Thanks to naturalists in the past we have first hand accounts of what this bird was like. Find out how humans managed to wipe out this bird.

For more information, we recommend these books:

• Wild New World The Epic Story of Animals and People in America by Dan Flores (Bob's pick)
• Man and Nature by George Perkins Marsh (Charles's pick)

Here are books Charles read; the links are to a non-profit website (www.bookshop.org). If you buy these books through the links below it gives Charles's blog credit which does him a lot of good!

• Silent Wings: A Memorial to the Passenger Pigeon (Edited by Wlater Edwin Scott)
• The Passenger Pigeon by Errol Fuller
• The Passenger Pigeon: Its Natural History and Extinction by W.A. Schorger
• A Feathered River Across the Sky: The Passenger Pigeon's Flight to Extinction By Joel Greenberg

Here are links to the relevant posts on Charles’s blog called Gulo in Nature:

• Why is it bad when species go extinct? 
• What is a keystone species? 

Bob is joined by the astronomer Dean Regas. Our goal for this podcast is to inspire you to attend the total eclipse of the sun on April 8th, 2024.

Dean Regas Website: astrodean.com

NASA Science: 2024 Total Solar Eclipse

Bob and his wife Beth are invited to chat with Carol Mundy on her radio show Outdoor Life.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Outdoor Life with Carol Mundy
• Carol Mundy’s Website The Crow Knows

Bob chats with Vincent Stanley, the author of The Future of the Responsible Company: What We’ve Learned from Patagonia’s First 50 Years.

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Future of the Responsible Company by Vincent Stanley with Yvon Chouinard
• Earth is now our only shareholder by Yvon Chouinard

Bob meets Caroline from the Civic Garden Center and invites her to talk about a subject she is really tired of! Join us for the good the bad and the ugly about boxwood a plant that seems to be everywhere.

Our sources about boxwood include:

• Where they came from and why they became the universal standard
• Why we gotta get rid of them
• What we can replace them with/ What do we gotta do to get more American Yew

Bob’s ten year old grandson Drew was attacked by yellow jackets at summer camp this year. Drew joins Bob to tell the story and share what he has learned about this often aggressive wasp.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Yellowjackets are not Honey Bees
• Yellowjacket Fact Sheet
• Yellowjacket Facts for Kids

Join Bob and Gia as they delve into the fascinating world of fungi. Gia explains why she loves mushrooms and in particular Lion’s Mane Mushroom.

Related episode: Spring Fungi

Our sources for this episode include:

• Entangled Life by Merlin Sheldrake
• Hericium erinaceus: an edible mushroom with medicinal values

Turkey Tail mushrooms are everywhere! Gia admits that mushrooms may be her favorite things in nature. Learn all about one of the most common and easy to find mushrooms.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Michael Kuo's take on turkey tail / Trametes versicolor: The Turkey Tail (MushroomExpert.Com)
• Good explanation of medicinal properties / How to Make Turkey Tail Mushroom Powder
• Tom Volk’s take on turkey tail / Fungus of the Month for August 1997 (wisc.edu)
• Nicholas Money’s paper “Are Mushrooms Medicinal?” (2016 PubMed (nih.gov)
• Coriolus versicolor | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (mskcc.org)

Nature Guys recorded this in front of an audience at the Civic Garden Center’s Fall Native Plant Festival. Bob welcomes Greg Torres and Sam Settlemyre to discuss why and how we should reduce our lawns.

Related episode: The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy

Resources:

• Homegrown National Park (Doug Tallamy)
• Civic Garden Center of Greater Cincinnati

Charles suggests we do the whirligig - one of over 350,000 species of beetles. Find out about the amazing characteristics of this amazing beetle.

Check out Charles’ nature blog at Gulo in Nature.

Related episodes: Water Striders Walk on Water and Vernal Pools

Our sources for this episode include:

• Whirligig Beetle Facts and Information Guide 2023
• Whirligig Beetles are Skimmers
• Whirligig Beetles Missouri Department of Conservation
• Experimental Studies and Dynamics Modeling Analysis of the Swimming and Diving of Whirligig Beetles (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)

Tina suggests we do an episode on milkweed beetles. Bob is confused because he thought they were bugs. Tune in to find out what we discovered.

You can find out more about Tina and Red Oaks Forest School at redoaksforestschool.org.

Related episode: Mighty Milkweed

Our sources for this episode include:

• Milkweed Bugs
• Common Milkweed Insects
• Milkweed Bug

Bob reads an email from a listener (Linda) with a question about eBird that inspired us to do a whole episode on eBird. Charles starts out explaining the capabilities and the value of eBird both to the user and the scientific community. He and Bob go on a virtual birding trip to demonstrate how you can use eBird.

Related episodes: Merlin Magic and Merlin 2

Our source for this episode: eBird by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology

Greg explains some amazing traits of apple trees. Bob shares some of the fascinating facts about John Chapman better know as Johnny Appleseed.

Related episode: Walnut Woods

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Botany of Desire by Michael Pollan
• Johnny Appleseed Man and Myth by Robert Price

Bob chats with Gia and special guest Jonathan about old-growth forests. Learn ways they can make you feel small in the best way. Jonathan explains how he obtained old growth certification from the Old-Growth Forest Network for California Woods Nature Preserve.

Related episode: Vernal Pools

Visit old growth forests in greater Cincinnati: Cincinnati Park California Woods Nature Preserve, Rowe Woods at Cincinnati Nature Center

Our sources for this episode include: Old-Growth Forest Network

Bob chats with Jim McCormac the co author with Chelsea Gottfried of Gardening for Moths: A Regional Guide. Find out why gardeners can and should attract specific moths species to their properties and how to do it.

Our source for this episode is the book Gardening for Moths: A Regional Guide by Jim McCormac and Chelsea Gottfried.

Related episodes: The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy and Bats with Merlin Tuttle

Charles takes Bob on a deep dive into the fascinating world of Water Lilies.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Nymphaeaceae
• Lotus Vs. Water Lilies, What’s The Difference?

Bob chats with Bill McKibben the author of We Are Better Together, his first children’s book. He is the author of the bestsellers The End of Nature, Eaarth, and Deep Economy. Bill is the founder of the environmental organization 350.org and recently Third Act, an organization that encourages people over 60 to take action on climate change.

You can find out more about Bill McKibben on his website: BillMcKibben.com

Find Bill's new children's book at: We Are Better Together

Bob chats with Katherine Hauswirth, the author of two inspiring books, The Book of Noticing: Collections and Connections on the Trail and her recent book the Morning Light the Lily White Daily: Dips into Nature and Spirit.

Links to Katherine’s books, newsletter and blog:

• The Morning Light, The Lily White: Daily Dips into Nature and Spirit by Katherine Hauswirth
• The Book of Noticing by Katherine Hauswirth
• Loving the World e-newsletter signup
• First Person Naturalist blog

Bob and Beth led family hikes at the Arc of Appalachia Highlands Nature Sanctuary in April of 2024. After the hikes they recorded a podcast with some of the hikers. Tune in to hear about wildflowers and more from the perspective of the children on the hike. 

Want to learn more about a fairly easy sparrow to identify by sight and sound? Join Bob and Tina for a fascinating dive into the life and behavior of white-throated sparrows.

You can find out more about Tina and Red Oaks Forest School at redoaksforestschool.org.

Related episodes with Tina: A Can of Earthworms, Peregrine Falcon and What's Your Zugunruhe?

Our sources for this episode include:

• Hear White-throated Sparrows Learning to Sing
• White-throated Sparrow is Not Just Another Little Brown Bird
• Andrea Boyer Effects of Winter Weather on White-throated Sparrows

Merlin Tuttle is a tremendous advocate for bats and has done amazing things throughout his career to help protect them and change people’s misconceptions and fears about them. His motto is “win friends not battles” and that’s been his approach throughout his 60+ years doing this work!

Merlin shares with Bob some of his amazing bat adventures. Merlin will be the keynote speaker at the Arc of Appalachia’s Wildflower Pilgrimage in April of 2023.

Related Episode: Bat in the House and Story: Bats! The Sequel I Never Wanted to Write from listener Jake

Our sources for this episode include:

• Merlin Tuttle’s Bat Conservation
• Bat Conservation International
• Arc of Appalachia’s Wildflower Pilgrimage

How do you go from a city girl who likes being inside to the host of the BirdNote podcast Bring Birds Back? Tune in as Tenijah Hamilton shares her inspiring story.

Thanks to Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode. Visit www.CincyNature.org to register for February 2023 online classes and don’t forget to use promo code NATURE to get 25% off.

Related episodes: Purple Martin, Whitebark Pine: The most important tree you have never heard of

Our sources for this episode include:

• Bring Birds Back Podcast
• Feminist Bird Club

Bob and Gia chat about one very special bird. The etherial song of this bird is inspiring!

Learn about Helen Black in this wikipedia article.

Special thanks to Cornell Lab for the wood thrush audio clip (ML 29922711 Glen Chapman May 9, 2016).  Visit our web site to see Tam Teow's beautiful wood thrush art.

Thanks to Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode. Visit www.CincyNature.org to register for January 2023 online classes and don’t forget to use promo code NATURE to get 25% off.

Related episodes: Merlin Magic, Merlin 2, What It’s Like to be a Bird with David Sibley

Our sources for this episode include:

• Bird Songs
• All About Birds Wood Thrush
• Four Fun Facts about the Wood Thrush
• Wood Thrush
• Cornell Chronicle: Songbird population declines linked to acid rain, Cornell ecologists report

Bob welcomes Greg Torres back to revisit the eastern redcedar tree. Bill and Bob did an episode on this tree in 2017 and had some questions that Greg, our very own plant guru, has some thoughts on.

Thanks to Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode. Visit www.CincyNature.org – that’s C-I-N-C-Y-Nature.org – to register for January 2023 online classes and don’t forget to use promo code NATURE to get 25% off.

Related Episodes: Why We Don’t Hug Eastern Redcedar Trees, Walnut Woods

Our sources for this episode include:

• Eastern Redcedar
• Juniperus Virginiana Facts for Kids
• Eastern Redcedar Control on Range and Pasture
• The Pros and Cons of the Eastern Redcedar

Greg is excited to share all about a project he has been involved in for a number of years. We bring in some of the collaborators to explain their roles in this inspiring project. Tune in to learn how they turned ten acres of forgotten land into a Cincinnati City Park.

Thanks to Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode. Visit www.CincyNature.org – that’s C-I-N-C-Y-Nature.org – to register for January 2023 online classes and don’t forget to use promo code NATURE to get 25% off.

Related episode: Invasive Plants

Our sources for this episode include:

• Cincinnati Parks - Walnut Woods of Evanston
• Civic Garden Center
• Walnut Hills High School

Bob opens with some thoughts on Thanksgiving. Many of us eat Cranberries around Thanksgiving. Charles joins Bob to share the unique ecology of this amazing plant.

Related episodes: Mistletoe

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Thanksgiving Tale We Tell is a Harmful Lie. As a Native American I’ve found a Better Way to Celebrate the Holiday by Sean Sherman
• The Sioux Chef’s Indigenous Kitchen by Sean Sherman
  (The Cranberry Sauce Recipe Beth adapted is on page 108)
• The Myths of the Thanksgiving Story and the Lasting Damage They Imbue by Claire Bugos
• The Vicious Reality Behind the Thanksgiving Myth (requires subscription to The New York Times)
• Cranberry

Thanks to Christina Zorn for providing background research.

We have opened a can of worms with this episode! Join Tina and Bob as they discuss the common earthworm. They invite some kids to share their thoughts on earthworms. A big thanks to Ruth and Levi for inspiring this episode.

Special thanks to the Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode. You can find out more about Tina and Red Oaks Forest School at redoaksforestschool.org.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Earthworm invaders alter northern forests (informative article suggested by Ruth)
• Deer, Worms and Invasives
• The American Robin hasn’t Always Gotten the Worm
• Earthworm

Hometown Nature Heroes are everywhere! Bob talks with Courtney Ryan a passionate advocate for getting kids outside.

Special thanks to the Cincinnati Nature Center for sponsoring this episode.

Courtney’s Recommended Resources:

Sands Montessori Outdoor Campus

Sands Montessori Partners:

• Native Roots
• Madison Tree Care and Landscaping
• Motz Turf Farms
• Sunbelt Rentals

Books to Read: 

• Balanced And Barefoot: How Unrestricted Outdoor Play Makes for Strong, Confident, And Capable Children By Angela J. Hanscom 
• Vitamin N: The Essential Guide to A Nature-Rich Life By Richard Louv 
• Play The Forest School Way: Woodland Games and Craft For Adventurous Kids By Jane Worroll And Peter Houghton 
• There’s No Such Thing as Bad Weather: A Scandinavian Mom’s Secrets For Raising Healthy, Resilient, And Confident Kids By Linda Akeson Mcgurk 
• The Call of The Wild And Free: Reclaiming Wonder In Your Child’s Education By Ainsley Arment 

Resources:

• Children and Nature Network
• Orange Is the New Green: Exploring the Restorative Capacity of Seasonal Foliage in Schoolyard Trees

Greg and Bob share a misunderstood plant that they both love to see in the fall. Find out why goldenrod takes the blame for sneezing in the fall.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Sneezing? Don’t Blame Goldenrod!
• Five Golden Truths about Goldenrods
• How to Grow and Care for Goldenrod

Central Indiana had clear skies for the April 8, 2024  eclipse!  Bob joined a fantastic group of family, friends and other nature lovers  at Jenkins Forever Farm animal sanctuary  for a spectacular eclipse. He was able to record some of their reactions before, during and after the eclipse. 

Related Episodes: Eclipse with Dean Regas, Eclipse Lovers

Bob is joined by Peri, a science communicator with the National Park Service. Peri is part of a team that created season 2 of the Headwaters podcast on Whitebark Pine. Glacier National Park Conservancy funds the show. 

Links:

• Glacier National Park Conservancy
• Headwaters in-depth storytelling podcast by Glacier National Park
• References in Headwaters show notes

In her position as Research Ecologist at Cincinnati Nature Center, Danie Frevola designed and implemented an innovative study on oak trees. Hear Danie’s inspiring story!

Related Episodes: Northern Red Oak, The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy and The Hummingbird Handbook with John Showy

Bob and Charles respond to a very important question about using bird sound playback from a listener. They also have a listener suggestion on a way to support Sara Dykman, the author of Bicycling with Butterflies.

Related episodes: Merlin Magic, Nuttall’s Woodpecker, What It's Like to Be a Bird with David Sibley and Bicycling with Butterflies with Sara Dykman

Our sources for this episode include:

• TEDxBozeman talk by Charles van Rees: A glance through nature’s playbook
• Merlin App by The Cornell Lab
• Proper Use of Playback in Birding by David Sibley
• Sara Dykman’s Go Fund Me Campaign: Counting Monarchs in Mexico

Bob’s grandson Drew wanted to learn more about Peregrine Falcons. As you will hear Tina was the perfect person for this episode. Tune in to hear Tina’s amazing stories about studying Peregrines.

You can find out more about Tina and Red Oaks Forest School at redoaksforestschool.org.

Related episodes: What's Your Zugunruhe? and Hummingbirds

Our sources for this episode include The Cornell Lab All About Birds: Peregrine Falcon

Bob and Gia talk about a woodpecker that is only found in parts of California. Thanks to Nic for using Merlin to find this bird!

Related episodes: Merlin Magic, Downy Woodpeckers Support Their Mates, Acorn Woodpeckers and The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Merlin Bird ID App by The Cornell Lab
• The Cornell Lab All About Birds
• Thomas Nuttail -The Oregon Encyclopedia
• Nuttall’s Woodpecker – Whatbird.com
• Meet the Nuttall’s Woodpecker
• Thomas Nuttail article in The Popular Science Monthly, Volume 46

Bob is joined by our very own plant guru Greg to talk about invasive species. Greg brings along his right hand man Drew to explain why invasive plants have such a negative impact.

Our sources for this episode include:

• Study by Audubon that Drew refers to: Nandina Berries Kill Birds

Bob and Charles talk about the Merlin App from Cornell Lab. It now has the ability to identify birds by sound! Please try it out and let us know what bird you want to know more about by emailing us at info@natureguys.org.

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Merlin Bird ID App by The Cornell Lab
• Gulo in Nature Blog by Charles
• The New School Montessori school in Cincinnati

On March 19, 2021 a volcano erupted in Iceland that captured the imagination of people from all over the world. It also changed the lives of April and Martin, independent filmmakers living in an apartment in New York City. Like many of us they were coming out of a long winter dealing with covid - 19. This eruption spawned an idea for their next film. They decided to travel to Iceland to film the eruption and gather stories from the remarkable people who live with the joys and challenges of volcanic eruptions right in their own neighborhoods! Find out how April and Martin created this powerful film.

You can find out how to watch the film at fireandiceland.com. I would love to hear your reactions to the film. You can leave a comment on our website or email me at info@natureguys.org.

Greg and Bob are loving all the wonderful spring wildflowers. Greg takes us back in time to discover the history of wildflowers around the world before turning to the amazing story of the eastern forest in spring.

Related episodes: Spring Wildflowers, Seeds on the Moveand Wild Ginger

Greg has done three excellent videos on spring wildflowers available via YouTube:

• Harbinger of Spring  
• Skunk Cabbage
• Spring Woodland Wildflowers

If you need a great wildflower book, check out Bob’s favorite guide:
Wildflowers of Tennessee the Ohio Valley and the Southern Appalachians by Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, and Duhl, published by Lone Pine Publishing

After a long winter Bob and Gia are excited to do a live show at California Woods Nature Preserve. They had a blast talking with kids and adults about the nature of spring.

Related episodes: Firefighting Beavers, Parachuting Beavers

In the final episode of the Invasive Plant Series Bob, Greg and Sam outline several possible paths that the common person can undertake to help turn the tide of invasive plants. From education and community driven initiatives to pushing market changes through purchasing power, we can all do a small part to make a big difference. 

Related Episodes: Walnut Woods, Invasive Plants, Lawns, Gardening for Moths with Jim McCormac, The Nature of Oaks with Doug Tallamy

For more information, we recommend these sources:

• Native Plant Education and Volunteer Opportunities with Civic Garden Center
• Native Plant Education with Active Outdoors
• Native Plant Gardening Intro
• Cincinnati Volunteer Opportunity with Cincinnati Parks

I received an intriguing email from Tina at Red Oaks Forest School asking me if I knew about Zugunruhe. I did not and wanted to learn more so I invited Tina to come on the show to explain all about it. Tune in to hear Tina tell the inspiring story of how Red Oaks got started and of course all about Zugunruhe.

You can find out more about Tina and Red Oaks Forest School at redoaksforestschool.org

If you want to register for Zugunruhe 2022 go to: https:// evergreen.humanitru.com/web/campaigns/red-oaks-forest- school~zugunruhe-2022

Related episode: Sit Spot

You can find out more about Eve Bishop at: www.evebishop.net

Our sources for this episode include:

• Avoiding Deer Collisions
• The First Months Of A Whitetail Fawn
• Tarsal Glands: What We Know | QDMA
• Interesting facts about white-tailed deer

Charles and Bob can’t wait to get out in the field in early spring to check out the woodcock sky dance. This is one crazy bird. It is a shorebird that lives in the forest and is nicknamed the timberdoodle.

The woodcock sound clip is thanks to Karen Hogan via the Macaulay Library at Cornell Lab of Ornithology.

Thanks to Christina Zorn for providing background research.

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Woodcock Management Plan
• Funky American Woodcock YouTube video
• A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold
• Nature blog Gulo in Nature by Charles Van Rees

Gia and Bob discuss wolves a species that inspires a variety of emotions. Tune in to learn about the impacts wolves have on the Yellowstone ecosystem. Thanks to Christina Zorn for providing background research. Also special thanks to Lissa Malloy for creating a picture visualizing the tropic cascade concept.

Keystone Species series: All About Alligators, Firefighting Beavers, Acorn Woodpeckers

Our sources for this episode include:

• The Howling Wilderness an interview with Doug Smith
  January 2021 Issue 541 of The Sun Magazine
  Thanks to Doug Smith and The Sun for giving us permission to link to this incredible interview
• Max Waugh Photography - Gray Wolf vs Coyotes
• Tropic Cascade Picture on Nature Guys web site: Lissa Malloy offered to create a picture visualizing the tropic cascade concept we covered in the podcast. You can find more of her amazing work at: https://lissamalloy.crevado.com/about-cv