For Kidneys Sake – Details, episodes & analysis

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The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS).

In this episode of For Kidneys’ Sake, consultant nephrologists Prof Jeremy Levy and Dr Andrew Frankel are joined by Rory Donnelly, a senior pharmacist and system lead for diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Hammersmith and Fulham. They discuss the expanding role of pharmacists in the management of CKD and the wider cardio-renal-metabolic (CRM) spectrum in primary care. Rory explains how pharmacists identify and review patients with CKD, optimise medicines, and provide education to support better self-management, while working closely with GPs and nursing colleagues.

The conversation covers practical challenges such as confirming a CKD diagnosis, interpreting changes in kidney function after starting treatment, and deciding when to adjust therapy for frail or elderly patients. The discussion also highlights newer treatments such as SGLT2 inhibitors and finerenone, and the ongoing importance of lifestyle advice and clear communication. The episode provides practical, evidence-based insights for pharmacists and clinicians supporting people with kidney and metabolic conditions in primary care.

Key Takeaways

1. Pharmacists are central to CKD and CRM management – They lead medicine reviews, coding, and patient education within long-term condition care.
2. Confirm CKD before diagnosis – Use previous results and trends in eGFR and ACR to ensure it is chronic and not an acute or temporary change.
3. Individualise treatment – Clinical judgement should take priority over rigid guideline use, particularly for older or frail patients.
4. Understand expected treatment effects – A modest fall in eGFR after starting ACE inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, or finerenone is expected; monitor rather than stop treatment unnecessarily.
5. Support lifestyle and self-care – Encourage healthy diet, regular exercise, and patient understanding that CKD monitoring aims to protect long-term kidney health.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS).

In this episode of For Kidneys’ Sake, consultant nephrologists Prof Jeremy Levy and Dr Andrew Frankel speak with Dr. Madhvi Joshi, a GP and certified health coach, about the power of personalised care and health coaching in managing chronic conditions such as kidney, heart, and metabolic diseases. Dr. Joshi explains how shifting from a directive approach (“what’s the matter with you”) to a collaborative one (“what matters to you”) helps unlock patient motivation, improve adherence, and build more meaningful partnerships. She discusses how understanding patients’ life contexts, values, and readiness for change can transform both outcomes and satisfaction for patients and clinicians alike.

Dr Joshi highlights practical frameworks such as the GROW model (Goals, Reality, Options, Will Do) and the 5As of behaviour change (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) to guide conversations. She also shares a compelling case study demonstrating how lifestyle adjustments, compassionate dialogue, and shared goal setting led to significant improvements in health and well-being for a patient with multiple cardio-renal-metabolic risk factors. The discussion underscores that true progress comes from empowering patients as active participants, helping them navigate their health journeys with curiosity, empathy, and hope.

Key Takeaways

1. Personalised Care – Focus on What Matters to the Person

Shift from a disease-focused to a person-focused approach by asking, “What matters to you?” instead of “What’s the matter with you?”. This means seeing beyond clinical data to understand the patient’s life, values, and priorities. When people feel heard and understood, engagement and adherence naturally improve.

2. Coaching Mindset – Be Curious, Compassionate, and Non-Judgmental

Adopt a collaborative mindset rather than a directive one. Use curiosity to explore readiness for change, compassion to recognise challenges, and non-judgment to create trust. Coaching helps patients find their own solutions and apply knowledge in a way that fits their lives — turning advice into sustainable action

3. Structured Tools – Use GROW and 5As for Lasting Change.

Practical frameworks like GROW (Goals, Reality, Options, Will Do) and 5As (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) guide conversations and support realistic goal-setting. They help clinicians and patients co-create clear, achievable steps — moving from one-off advice to measurable, lasting behaviour change.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS).

In this episode of For Kidneys Sake, consultants Prof Jeremy Levy and Dr Andrew Frankel are joined by Dr Melanie Dani, a geriatrician, to discuss the complexities of managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older adults. They highlight the importance of distinguishing between chronological age and frailty, two overlapping but distinct concepts that significantly influence clinical decision-making. The conversation explores how kidney function naturally declines with age, and raises the critical question of when this becomes a pathological concern requiring medical intervention.

Dr Dani stresses the value of personalised care, reminding listeners that older adults are not a homogenous group. Whether someone is a fit 85-year-old playing tennis or a frail resident in a care home, their values, priorities and tolerance for medical treatment will differ. The episode encourages shared decision-making, consideration of overall health context, and careful use of medications like ACE inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors based on likely benefits and side effects, rather than age alone.

Three Key Takeaways

1. Ageing vs Frailty: Frailty is a better predictor of health outcomes than age alone. It’s essential to assess a patient’s overall vulnerability and resilience when managing CKD.
2. Reduced GFR in Older Adults: A declining GFR may reflect normal ageing rather than disease, but it still carries risks, particularly cardiovascular. Management should be tailored to the individual, not solely guided by guidelines.
3. Personalised, Contextualised Care: Decisions about referral, investigation and treatment must consider the whole person—their wishes, comorbidities, and quality of life—rather than focusing only on kidney function metrics.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS).

Welcome to For Kidneys’ Sake! The new name for our podcast series is previously known as The Rest Is Kidneys. In this first episode of our new 20-part series, Prof Jeremy Levy and Dr Andrew Frankel return to tackle a topic that crops up frequently in both clinic and primary care: supplements, herbal remedies, and recreational drugs and what they really mean for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

This episode explores everything from high-dose vitamins and gym-related creatine use to the dangers of anabolic steroids, ketamine, and certain traditional herbal medicines. With their usual clarity and clinical insight, Jeremy and Andrew offer practical advice for clinicians and thoughtful guidance on how to approach these often-overlooked areas of patient care.

Key Takeaways:

1. Ask directly about supplements, herbs, and non-prescribed products – especially in anyone with reduced kidney function or a CKD diagnosis. These are often missed unless specifically asked about.
2. Standard multivitamins are safe in CKD, but high-dose vitamin C and extra vitamin D can be harmful, especially when kidney function is already reduced.
3. Creatine, high-protein diets, and muscle mass can raise creatinine without indicating CKD. Use a urine dipstick, ACR, blood pressure, and ultrasound to assess properly.
4. Anabolic steroids and ketamine carry serious risks, including nephrotic syndrome and irreversible bladder damage. These are increasingly common but poorly understood dangers.
5. Herbal remedies are not without harm – some are directly nephrotoxic, others interact with prescribed treatments. These should be avoided in CKD, but conversations must be handled with care and cultural awareness.

This opening discussion sets the tone for the series: practical, collaborative, and focused on bridging gaps between clinical insight and everyday patient care. Supplements and herbal products are everywhere, and understanding their impact is more important than ever for improving kidney health.

References: 

Creatine and kidneys:  Nutrients 2023, 15, 1466.   doi.org/10.3390/nu15061466 

Herbal medicines and CKD; Nephrology 15 (2010) 10–17   doi:10.1111/j.1440-1797.2010.01305.x 

Herbs and more: Drug stewardship for people with chronic kidney disease; towards effective, safe, and sustainable use of medications:  Nat Rev Nephrol. 2024 June ; 20(6): 386–401. doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00823-3 

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk) 

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

Following the success of The Rest Is Kidneys, our podcast returns with a new name and a fresh series of conversations that get to the heart of kidney care. Hosted by Professor Jeremy Levy and Dr Andrew Frankel, For Kidneys Sake continues to bring primary and secondary care closer together through practical, down-to-earth discussions that inform, connect, and occasionally entertain. 

In Series 2, we'll be exploring and discussing 20 new topics – from CKD supplements and elderly care to fertility, early detection, and the evolving world of cardio-renal-metabolic care. Whether you’re a clinician, a patient, or simply curious, these bite-sized episodes offer insights you can use – with clarity, warmth and the odd kidney pun thrown in. 

We hope you enjoy listening.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

In this special Q&A episode, Prof Jeremy Levy, Dr Andrew Frankel, and specialist nurse Joana Teles tackle key CKD questions from primary care. They discuss CKD coding adjustments, NSAID safety, and the importance of optimising RAAS inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors. Practical guidance is given on prescribing, managing side effects, and using diuretics like furosemide effectively. 

The hosts emphasise that while lifestyle changes are crucial, medication remains key to slowing CKD progression and reducing cardiovascular risk.

Take-Home Messages:

CKD Coding – Adjust ACR coding as values improve; coding helps with safe prescribing.
NSAIDs & CKD – Generally avoid, but occasional short-term use may be safe in mild CKD.
RAASi & SGLT2 Inhibitors – Maximise doses; SGLT2 inhibitors are transformative for CKD and heart failure.
Managing Risks – Address side effects proactively but don’t let concerns block treatment.
Diuretics & Fluid Balance – Furosemide isn’t nephrotoxic; use it to relieve symptoms.
Hyperkalaemia – Potassium up to 6 mmol/L is usually safe; use binders before stopping RAASi.
Lifestyle & Medications – Diet and exercise help, but medication is often essential.

Effective CKD management balances accurate coding, lifestyle changes, and optimised medication use. While lifestyle adjustments help, RAAS and SGLT2 inhibitors are key to slowing progression and reducing cardiovascular risk. 

Primary care teams should confidently adjust treatment, manage side effects, and take a pragmatic approach to NSAIDs, diuretics, and hyperkalaemia. Proactive, evidence-based care ensures better long-term kidney health. 

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

This podcast episode explores the intersection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure, providing guidance for managing patients with both conditions. Hosts Prof Jeremy Levy and Andrew Frankel, consultant nephrologists, are joined by Dr Dominique Auger, a consultant cardiologist specialising in heart failure.

The discussion focuses on the shared pathophysiology of CKD and heart failure, optimising treatments, and addressing common clinical concerns in primary care.

Top Three Key Messages

1. CKD and Heart Failure Coexistence:

• CKD and heart failure frequently occur together, with CKD increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and heart failure.
• Both conditions share overlapping treatments, including ACE inhibitors, ARBs, SGLT2 inhibitors, and MRAs, which improve survival, reduce symptoms, and decrease hospitalisations.

2. GFR Decline and Kidney Forgiveness:

• A decline in GFR is expected with effective therapies like RAS inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors.
• For heart failure with CKD, GFR reductions of up to 50% or creatinine increases to 260 µmol/L are acceptable, as kidneys often stabilise ("the kidneys forgive"). Therapy should continue with careful monitoring unless hyperkalaemia or other severe complications arise.

3. Role of Diuretics:

• Diuretics are essential for symptom control (e.g., relieving oedema and breathlessness) but have no prognostic benefit in heart failure.
• They are safe to use in CKD and heart failure, often requiring higher doses in CKD patients due to kidney resistance, and are useful for managing hyperkalaemia as well.

This episode underscores the importance of integrated, aggressive management of both CKD and heart failure, with a focus on optimising therapies that balance efficacy with patient safety.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

This episode provides practical advice for primary care professionals on reviewing medications and prescribing pain relief for patients with CKD. The discussion focuses on assessing kidney function using estimated GFR (eGFR), adjusting drug dosages, and safely managing pain relief without compromising renal health. The hosts explain how eGFR should be used instead of creatinine clearance for drug dosing decisions, while taking into account patient-specific factors such as body size and muscle mass to ensure accurate assessment.

Key considerations for medication reviews are covered, including drugs that require caution such as NSAIDs, Metformin, PPIs, and cardiovascular medications. The importance of dose adjustments, monitoring for complications like hyperkalemia, and following Sick Day guidance to prevent adverse effects during acute illness is highlighted.

For pain management, the episode outlines safe options for analgesics, including paracetamol, tramadol, and opioids like fentanyl and oxycodone, while stressing the need to avoid morphine due to the risk of metabolite accumulation and toxicity. Recommendations are provided for starting with low doses and titrating carefully, particularly for neuropathic pain treatments such as Gabapentin and Pregabalin.

Take-Home Messages:

1. Kidney Function Assessment – Use estimated GFR (eGFR) rather than creatinine clearance for drug dose adjustments, considering patient-specific factors like muscle mass.
2. Medication Reviews – Avoid regular NSAIDs, adjust Metformin dosing (reduce below eGFR 45, stop below 30), review PPIs and cardiovascular drugs, and follow Sick Day rules to guide temporary medication pauses during illness.
3. Pain Management – Use paracetamol as first-line analgesia, avoid morphine, and opt for lower doses of tramadol, oxycodone, or fentanyl for stronger pain relief. Minimise long-term NSAID use and review topical gels due to absorption risks.

This episode offers clear, NICE-aligned guidance to support safer prescribing practices in CKD.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

In this episode, Professor Jeremy Levy, Dr. Andrew Frankel, and clinical lead kidney nurse specialist Joana Teles discuss how to effectively educate and empower patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), focusing on delivering a CKD diagnosis with clarity and reassurance, addressing common misconceptions, and encouraging patient engagement during short consultations. Joanna highlights the importance of framing discussions around ‘kidney health’ rather than ‘kidney disease’ and shares practical tips for encouraging patients to take an active role in their care. Resources like the Know Your Kidneys education programme are vital tools for patient learning and support.

The discussion highlights that there are practical steps to help reduce fear and unnecessary worry so that patients can be reassured and empowered. For example, it is important to explain that the term ‘chronic’ describes the duration of the condition rather than its severity and to clarify that CKD stages are not comparable to cancer stages. To encourage patient involvement and understanding, Joana continues by outlining actions such as having regular ‘kidney health checks’ to monitor kidney function, protein levels, and blood pressure. The benefits of commonly used medications, such as Ramipril and SGLT2 inhibitors, are also explained. The conversation concludes by stressing the value of simple, actionable steps, such as keeping track of medications and bringing blood pressure readings to appointments, which can help patients feel more confident and engaged in managing their kidney health.

Top Three Takeaways:

1. Use clear, reassuring language to explain CKD and focus on maintaining kidney health.
2. Promote regular "kidney health checks" and educate patients on lifestyle and medication management.
3. Encourage small, actionable steps to increase patient engagement, such as participating in education programmes like Know Your Kidneys.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care: Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub 

Do you have a question? Send it now...

The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

In this episode, Jeremy Levy and Andrew Frankel discuss the game-changing role of SGLT2 inhibitors in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). These drugs, initially developed for diabetes, have shown remarkable benefits in slowing CKD progression, reducing cardiovascular risks, and delaying dialysis. They cover the key patient groups, prescribing tips, and how to use these medications safely and effectively.

Top Three Takeaways:
1. Broad Benefits Beyond Diabetes:
SGLT2 inhibitors significantly slow CKD progression, reduce cardiovascular risks, and delay the need for dialysis, benefiting patients with or without diabetes.

2. Who Should Get Them:

• Heart failure patients.
• CKD patients with or without diabetes and/or albuminuria.
• Patients with GFR between 20-45, regardless of urine albumin levels.

3. Safety and Usage Tips:

• Avoid type 1 diabetes or "type 1-like" patients.
• Manage minor side effects (e.g., fungal infections) and provide "Sick Day Guidance" to minimise risks like ketoacidosis.

This episode provides practical insights and actionable advice for clinicians managing CKD patients.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care: Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

You can also join the community by signing up to our newsletter here

Produced by award-winning media and marketing specialist Heather Pownall of Heather's Media Hub