Asking questions about mental health is not easy. What's even harder is asking those questions well. But here's the truth: community providers are uniquely positioned to spot the early warning signs of mental health struggles, including suicide risk. In fact, youth who attempt or die by suicide are far more likely to have contact with their PCP compared to a mental health provider in the months leading up to the event. Are providers identifying kids at risk? Are they asking the right questions in ways that open the door to real answers? In this episode, we confront this critical reality in front of a live audience. We are bringing practical tools to the hands of providers in our community. The way providers screen for emotional and mental health challenges can mean the difference between silence and survival.

This episode was recorded in front of a live audience as our first community podcast experience. Stay tuned as we announce more opportunities like this across the region. This episode was cosponsored by The Liv Project: a nonprofit organization determined to take the conversation about youth mental health out of the shadows. For this episode, we have three incredible experts. Honey Beuf is the Co-Founder of The Liv Project, Liv's Mother, as well as an educator and advocate. She was on the podcast previously to share the story behind their documentary 'My Sister Liv.' You can listen to that episode here. Susan Caso, MA LPC, is the Mental Health Advisor for The Liv Project, as well as a licensed therapist and author. Gina Herrmann, MD, is a pediatrician with Arvada Pediatric Associates.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How specific word choices or ways to phrase a question can make a huge difference in creating a safe space for children 
• Ways primary care providers can support families of children experiencing suicidal thoughts 
• Steps PCP offices can take to implement helpful mental health support processes 
• Understanding the support systems that exist in communities around the globe 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Migraines aren't just 'bad headaches,' and they don't always present with pain. Every migraine is different, and they can present with a wide range of symptoms from dizzy spells to abdominal pain. In this episode, we aim to bring clarity to the complexity of migraines, exploring the latest research, clinical signs and possible interventions.

Marcy Yonker, MD, Director of the Pediatric Headache Program at Children's Colorado joins us for this episode. Dr. Yonker is the Francescon Endowed Chair in Headache and a Professor of Pediatrics at the University of CO School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What to do before referring 
• How to support students with migraines in schools 
• Lifestyle interventions compared to medications 
• Treatments for migraine  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Pediatricians are superheroes in scrubs, baby whisperers, teen translators and guardians of growing minds and bodies. But even heroes need reinforcements. The pediatric workforce crisis has made a prominent impact on the healthcare community including staff shortages, jam-packed schedules, long wait times, frustrated patient families and fewer new doctors joining the ranks. In this episode, we examine what's really going on. If we understand what's driving the shortage and discuss what we can do about it, we can begin to create change.

This episode was recorded at the 2025 Pediatric Academic Societies Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. Joseph St. Geme, MD, is the Chair of the Department of Pediatrics and the Physician in Chief at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Breaking down the current crisis and why it's different than any other point in pediatrics history 
• What doctors, practices and specialties are most impacted 
• How this crisis could negatively affect quality, continuity of care and outcomes for kids 
• Steps pediatricians can take to help shift this moment 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

As medical and surgical treatment of congenital heart lesions improve, the vast majority of babies born with heart problems are living long and productive lives. While it is remarkable, it also brings new challenges for their care, especially during the critical transition to adulthood. A new medical specialty has developed to address this specific need, driven by the growing demand for expertise in the lifelong care of patients with congenital heart lesions.

To unpack this topic, we are joined by Roni Jacobsen, MD. She is the Medical Director of our Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program at Children's Hospital Colorado. We have one of the largest programs in the country with exceptional outcomes, treating patients with congenital heart problems that continue into adulthood. Dr. Jacobsen specializes in internal medicine as well as pediatrics and is trained in pediatric cardiology and adult congenital heart disease. She is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Defining adult congenital heart disease and understanding its differences from other heart diseases 
• Why so many patients don't understand their disease 
• Understanding the advancements in treatments 
• The role that pediatricians play in steering families towards continued care and proper transition once that child hits adulthood 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Charting Pediatrics has created a space where community care meets real-world challenges. Whether we realize it or not, trauma-informed care touches everything we do as pediatricians. What does it mean to really be trauma-informed? How do we create safer, more supportive environments for everyone, especially those carrying invisible wounds? In this episode, we explore how community providers can be a powerful part of healing, not harm.

This episode was recorded on the exhibit floor at the 2025 Pediatric Academic Societies Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. Joining us for this episode is Audrey Brewer, MD, a pediatrician at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. She is also an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include:

• How a trauma-informed approach can completely change outcomes for kids 
• The types of trauma pediatricians are most likely to encounter in their practice 
• The role of the pediatrician in the larger support network for a child dealing with trauma 
• Opportunities for systemic change within the medical field to improve care for traumatized children

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Feeding a baby isn't one-size-fits-all, and neither is formula. That's why community providers need to be prepared to navigate options with families, bust common myths and offer practical support through the first year of feeding. In this episode, we're breaking down the basics and digging deeper to understand formula. When it comes to feeding babies, family knowledge and support matters just as much as what's in the bottle.

This episode was recorded on the exhibit floor at the 2025 Pediatric Academic Societies Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. Joining us for this episode is Aamer Imdad, MD, from the Stead Family Children's Hospital and University of Iowa. Dr. Imdad specializes in gastroenterology.  

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Formula feeding in the U.S. and what is commonly available 
• Guidance PCPs can offer families on choosing infant formulas with the most notable benefits for their baby 
• When to explore the hypoallergenic formula space 
• Whether or not certain formulas can increase the risk of childhood obesity 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

The heart is an involved organ in many syndromes impacting kids. Our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of pediatric heart conditions has improved greatly with better access to genetic testing. From inherited arrythmias to structural congenital heart defects, genetic testing is becoming an essential part of the diagnosis, treatment and family counseling in kids with heart problems.

To help us understand this evolving field, we are joined by Kathryn Chatfield, MD. She is the director of the Cardiac Genetics and Aortopathy Program at Children's Hospital Colorado and specializes in clinical genetics and genomics, as well as cardiology. She is also an Associate Professor of Pediatric Cardiology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How to determine which kids should undergo a cardiac genetics workup and which ones may not need it 
• Understanding if these diseases are inherited, spontaneous or mutations 
• Why some kids with heart conditions are not seen until they are older 
• How primary care providers can interact with specialized genetics clinics 

 For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

A common yet often misunderstood infection is popping up in different corners of our community. Mycoplasma pneumonia, otherwise referred to as walking pneumonia, can present in a way that's subtle and sneaky, with a plethora of symptoms. This 'silent' infection can fly under the radar leaving both patients and providers puzzled, but we want to make sure our listeners feel prepared to tackle this diagnosis.  How do we ensure it doesn't slip through the cracks? How do we identify it in our patients? We'll discuss all that and more in this episode.  

Joining us for this exciting discussion are Lilliam Ambroggio, PhD, and Michael Bozzella, DO. Dr. Ambroggio is the Director of Research in the sections of Emergency Medicine and Hospital Medicine at Children's Hospital Colorado. She is also an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Dr. Bozzella is the Associate Medical Director of Antimicrobial Stewardship and specializes in infectious disease. He is also an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Understanding where it colonizes and how it spreads 
• How to identify this disease properly, as the presentation can look like many different illnesses 
• How the epidemiology informs what primary care providers should know about this diagnosis 
• Knowing when to test

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Cannabis use in children and adolescents is a growing concern as more young people are regularly using the substance and as more states legalize it. What happens when parents, caregivers, healthcare providers or even the teens themselves decide it's time to stop?  In this episode, we will explore important tactics primary care providers can utilize to help families navigate the medical, psychological and social aspects of cannabis use.

For this episode, we are joined by two experts. Sam Wang, MD, specializes in toxicology and emergency medicine at Children's Hospital Colorado. He is also an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Paula Riggs, MD, is a Professor of Psychiatry and is nationally known for her research in adolescents with co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Marijuana use and its potency 
• How to get a child into treatment 
• How primary care providers can build trust with patients who may not realize they have an addiction 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

As the political climate shifts in 2025, there are important discussions around Medicaid, mental health and executive orders that will impact our kids. From Medicaid eligibility changes to funding cuts, to benefit adjustments, the political forces shaping healthcare may have profound effects on both our patients and providers. In this episode, we examine the current state of affairs and answer questions we've heard from clinicians in our communities.

Joining us for this discussion is Zach Zaslow. He is the Vice President of Advocacy and Community Health at Children's Hospital Colorado and an expert on health policy.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• An overview of the Medicaid program and the roles of state and federal governments 
• How federal funding cuts could impact pediatric healthcare 
• The role of advocacy and how pediatricians can be a voice for the children they serve 
• The focus on mental health and the importance of this current crisis 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Down Syndrome is a condition defined by an extra chromosome but beyond the genetics lies a rich, complex story of individuals, families and communities who continue to challenge misconceptions and pave the way for greater understanding and inclusion. In this episode, we'll explore the latest treatments and research, the relationship between specialist and provider and all the opportunities that come with strong partnerships.

Nicole Baumer, MD, the new Director of the Anna and John J. SIE Center for Down Syndrome, joins us for this episode. As a child neurologist, she specializes in neurodevelopmental disabilities and is a visiting professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine within the Department of Pediatrics. She is also the Global Endowed Chair for Down Syndrome.

Some resources mentioned in this episode include: 

• Global Down Syndrome Foundation 
• National Down Syndrome Congress
• National Down Syndrome Society 
• American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines 
• Down Syndrome Medical Interest Group 

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Why specialized programs for kids with Down syndrome can drastically change their outcomes 
• The evolution of Down syndrome research and how it has informed care for patients 
• How specialized care is coordinated with primary care providers 
• Dr. Baumer's personal connection to Down syndrome 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

A highly contagious virus, once thought to be nearly eradicated, has made a comeback. Measles is affecting even our youngest patients in communities around the country and putting vulnerable populations at risk. Our primary care providers are on the frontlines of this resurgence. It's crucial they feel prepared to vaccinate patients, educate families and respond effectively.

To discuss the current state of measles, understand its return and discover how we can address it, we are joined by two experts, Sam Dominguez, MD, and Jessica Cataldi, MD. Dr. Dominguez is the Medical Director for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at Children's Hospital Colorado. Drs. Dominguez and Cataldi both specialize in infectious disease and teach at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

This episode was recorded at the end of March 2025, and the first case of measles was reported in Colorado on March 31, 2025. 

Some highlights from this episode include:

• A discussion on the current outbreak of measles, and its impact on our global community
• Steps primary care providers can take to identify and manage suspected cases
• The role of vaccination and how primary care providers can help vaccinate more members of the community
• Opportunities to help patients after exposure

Some resources mentioned in the episode include:

• CDC measles guidance
• American Academy of Pediatrics measles guidance
• Children's Hospital Colorado resources;
  • Contagious Comments
  • Firstline: Measles, Evaluating Risk in Patients Presenting with Fever and Rash
  • Firstline: Measles Vaccination and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
  • Continuing education - Spotting Measles Before it Spreads
  • Continuing education - Measles: Connecting the Dots 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.

Celiac disease in kids is more common than you think, and often harder to spot than you'd expect. Celiac disease affects about 1 in 100 people globally, yet studies suggest as many as 80% of cases remain undiagnosed. For many community providers around the globe, it's a diagnosis that certainly feels like it's become much more prevalent in both diagnosis rates and public awareness in recent years. There is no 'growing out' of celiac disease, so that diagnosis for our kiddos is the beginning of a life full of gluten avoidance. Should we be screening for celiac disease in all of our kids and taking their gluten-filled donuts away? In this episode, we explore all of that and more.

To understand the current status of celiac and to explore the future of screening, we are joined by two experts. Marisa Stahl, MD, and Mary Shull, MD, both specialize in pediatric gastroenterology at Children's Hospital Colorado. Additionally, they are both assistant professors of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How common it is amongst our youth and how that prevalence was determined 
• Why it seems the number of incidents is rising 
• How does geography play a role 
• The argument for screening and the role of the pediatrician 

Charting Pediatrics is in the running for a People's Choice Podcast Award, and we need your help to get nominated! Starting July 1, you can head to www.podcastawards.com and nominate us for the "science and medicine" category, as well as the "people's choice" category. Listeners like you are the reason we have become one of the top pediatric podcasts for providers around the world. Your nomination could make all the difference in us receiving this recognition! Nominate us by July 31 and help Children's Hospital Colorado lead the way in pediatric podcasting. Thank you for your support!  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Most people believe that strokes only affect adults, but children can experience them too. Although rare, strokes in kids can lead to catastrophic outcomes if not treated properly. Seizure or migraines are often misdiagnosed in this population, making it crucial to have proper protocols in place. While many never think of stroke as something that can impact kids, it's still in the top 10 causes of death in children. 

To understand the scope of pediatric stroke and the strides being made to prevent and treat it, we are joined by two experts. Timothy Bernard, MD, is the Director of Education for the section of Child Neurology, and the Director of the Childhood Stroke Program here at Children's Hospital Colorado. He is also a Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Ethan Rosenberg, MD, is the Director of Inpatient Childhood Stroke and Neurocritical Care. He is also an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology. 

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Understanding diagnosis in this population 
• What causes stroke in kids 
• Why there are delays in recognizing stroke symptoms in younger children 
• The role of the primary care provider with stroke protocol  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

It's been a busy year for influenza cases, but it's not what we've seen in our clinics and hospitals that has infectious disease experts most worried. They are concerned about avian flu, otherwise known as the H5N1 subtype of influenza A. Specifically, they are worried about stress what happens if H5N1 jumps to humans and potentially spreads. What is that risk for people and what challenges lie ahead? In this episode, we'll explore our current standing and whether we are approaching public health crisis. From virology to epidemiology to infection control strategies, we'll break down the science, the current data and practical considerations for clinicians on the front lines.

To help us understand this ever-evolving virus and its threat, we are joined by two incredible infectious disease experts, Samuel Dominguez, MD, and Suchitra Rao, MD. They both specialize in infectious disease at Children's Hospital Colorado. Dr. Dominguez is the Medical Director of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Dr. Dominguez is a professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and Dr. Rao is an associate professor.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Overview of the current flu season and why it stands out 
• H5N1 transmission of H5N1 and the factors making this season concerning alarming
• How humans have been infected this season 
• Assessing the current risk to kids
• Key actions primary care providers (PCPs) can take right now 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Firearms are the leading cause of death of kids in the United States, and in Colorado, there is at least one pediatric injury from a gun every day. In 2021, Colorado passed the safe storage bill which requires firearms to be safely stored when minors are present in the home. Despite this, many people don't know how to provide the safest environment for children. Pediatricians can play a unique role in gun violence protection. That's why the Colorado chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics, alongside the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE), have launched a new campaign called "Secure Their Future". This new project aims to educate pediatric practices across the state on the importance discussing safe firearm storage with families 

To learn more about this program and how other states can replicate its efforts, we are joined by one of the leaders of this project, Caitlin Jones-Bamman, MD. Dr. Jones-Bamman is a pediatrician at Pediatrics 5280 and has been at the forefront of this project.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What "Secure Their Future" is and how the initiative secured funding. 
• Understanding the unique role pediatricians play in protecting children from firearm-related risks. 
• Learning how cable locks work. 
• How other practices can adopt this model.   

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

One of humanity's frailties is our tendency to view the world through the lens of what we've seen, lived through or experienced firsthand. That's not to say we ignore things that happened in the past, but we may not give historical events equal weight or importance when compared to current events. In medicine, it's important for us to recognize the vaccine preventable diseases we combatted in the past and apply those lessons to the future. In this episode, we reflect on the improvements and discuss how vaccine technology has improved global child heath over the last century.

Many current doctors have never treated some of these diseases firsthand but our three experts for this episode have. Drs. Jim Todd and Mimi Glode worked for decades at Children's Hospital Colorado in infectious diseases. Dr. Todd is professor emeritus, and Dr. Glode is professor emerita at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Dr. Todd directed our department of epidemiology, and Dr. Glode directed our pediatrics residency program. Our third guest, Dr. Edwin Asturias, specializes in infectious diseases and is a professor of pediatrics. He helps direct our global health programs, has led many international vaccine research projects and currently serves as voting member of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP).

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Their experiences treating patients with infections, such as chicken pox, meningitis and measles 
• Navigating current vaccine skepticism across the healthcare landscape 
• The changing attitudes of parents to toward pediatric vaccines over time  
• Learning how this history can help inform current infectious diseases 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Every child has an individual healthcare experience, but for marginalized communities like migrant families, they face some unique challenges in our healthcare system. From dealing with trauma to navigating a language barrier, working to get the right care can be complicated. At this year's annual Children's Hospital Colorado podcast live event, Charting Pediatrics took a close look at this topic. In this episode you will learn about acute clinical challenges, resource constraints, social needs, moral distress, impact on staff, child health policy, combating misinformation and more.

Steven Federico, MD, the Chief Government and Community Affairs Officer at Denver Health joined us for this special episode. His passion for improved and equitable healthcare is fueled by his experiences as a pediatrician and primary care physician at Denver Health, where he has worked since 2002. In his past role as medical director, he oversaw three community health centers and 19 school-based clinics that provide comprehensive physical and mental health care to 70,000 children across Denver. His advocacy work focuses on eliminating barriers to adequate health coverage and healthcare.  

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The strains hospital and primary care settings have experienced with the 2024 surge in international migration to the United States 
• Effective strategies to deliver the best care for migrant children 
• Ways the medical community can prepare for and adapt to the possibility that patients and families may face deportation 
• Understanding the opportunities that exist to provide optimal care in different healthcare settings 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Advances in technology, medical knowledge and the establishment of pediatric tracheary care institutions have helped revolutionize pediatric otolaryngology. For specialists in this field, watching the growth unfold has been an exciting adventure they've experienced firsthand while working on the frontlines. From genetic testing to targeted therapy and new procedures, the options are now vast compared to ten years ago. In this episode, we will explore the evolution of pediatric otolaryngology and what the future holds.

Kenny Chan, MD, specializes in pediatric otolaryngology at Children's Hospital Colorado. He is a previous section head for this division at the hospital, and although he retired from clinical practice in June 2024, he remains professor emeritus at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The biggest enhancements in otolaryngology and how they've helped improve outcomes.
• Communication and collaboration with community providers to ensure kids are getting the best possible ENT care.
• What the future holds for this section of medicine.

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Picture this: You travel to the mountains, excited to take on your next big adventure, only to find yourself breathless, your stomach is churning and in the morning your head is throbbing. It's altitude sickness, otherwise known as acute mountain sickness. Here in Colorado, our mountain doctors experience this regularly, but patients don't always realize why they're experiencing these symptoms. In this episode, we dive into mountain myths, sleeping at altitude and how to combat this diagnosis.

In this episode we are joined by a community pediatrician who treats altitude sickness on a regular basis. Christine Ebert-Santos, MD, is a pediatrician at Ebert Family Clinic in Frisco, CO. Her practice sits at 9,026 feet above sea level. She is also a clinical professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Common symptoms of altitude sickness and how to manage them 
• Understanding why only certain people experience the reaction, while others remain unaffected  
• Debunking popular mountain myths 
• How high altitude can impact sleep 
• The role of pediatricians in educating patients about altitude sickness, even at sea level

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Every year, thousands of people are added to organ transplant waiting lists, but not all patients have equal access to the life-saving procedures they desperately need. As transplant programs around the world continue to expand and improve, it's important for healthcare providers to consider potential disparities in care, all while working hard to create an even playing field for patients. Socioeconomic status, geography, wait times and access are just a few of the factors to keep in mind.

Children's Hospital Colorado is one of the top transplant programs for kids, with some of the best outcomes in the nation. In this episode, we welcome specialists from our heart, kidney and liver transplant programs. Pediatric cardiologist Melanie Everitt, MD, is the Director of Pediatric Heart Transplant. Margret Bock, MD, is the Medical Director of Kidney Transplant and specializes in pediatric nephrology. Amy Feldman, MD, is the Program Director of the Liver Transplant Fellowship, the Medical Director for the Liver Transplant Center, and she specializes in pediatric gastroenterology. All three of our experts also teach at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The current landscape of solid organ transplant in the United States and how the waitlists work 
• Why some children have better access to these life-saving treatments than others 
• How primary care providers can identify potential barriers ensure their patients have the best chance at receiving a transplant 
• The evolution of live-donor liver transplant and how it's changing opportunities in pediatrics  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Anaphylaxis is a serious, systemic hypersensitivity reaction with rapid onset and can be potentially fatal. It is frightening for patients, families and medical providers. Currently, the standard treatment is epinephrine as an injection. At this very moment, we are on the cusp of transforming how we treat severe allergic reactions. If approved by the FDA, a new sublingual form of epinephrine would be the first non-invasive and orally administered epinephrine treatment.

Joining us for this episode is Matthew Greenhawt, MD, the Director of the Food Challenge and Research Unit at Children's Hospital Colorado. He specializes in allergy and immunology and is also a professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.  

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The history of epinephrine 
• Fears around needles and using an epi-pen 
• How this new treatment could increase the life-saving capability of epinephrine 
• Next steps to get the sublingual film into use 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Podcasts have become one of the most popular content mediums, captivating millions worldwide. Their convenient, on-the-go format allows people to multitask while they listen. From entertainment to education, podcasts are changing the way people engage and interact with information. In medicine, they are changing the way residents are able to learn. 

In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Christopher Demas, a pediatrics chief resident with the University of Michigan Pediatrics Residency Program. Dr. Demas, inspired by Charting Pediatrics, created his own podcast made for and by residents, First Pediatrics.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Why Dr. Demas started his own podcast for residents 
• The importance of changing how we learn and leveraging podcasts for education 
• Understanding the way students learn today is different 
• Why podcasts are shaping medical education 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

When it comes to babies, there is one true common denominator for new parents — poop. While it's one of the first things parents can fixate over, pediatricians know what's in the diaper can say a lot about what's going on inside that tiny body. From understanding different stool colors and consistency, to the difference in diaper contents between breast-fed and formula-fed babies, there's a lot to learn about baby poop.

This episode was recorded on the exhibit floor at the 2025 Pediatric Academic Societies Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. Joining us for this episode is Adrienne Hoyt-Austin, DO, a pediatrician and lactation consultant with UC Davis Health. She specializes in general pediatrics and breastfeeding medicine and is also an Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What baby poop can reveal about their health
• How to distinguish between normal variations in stool and potential concerns  
• Common colors and consistencies 
• Biggest red flags to look for in baby poop 

Charting Pediatrics is in the running for a People's Choice Podcast Award, and we need your help to get nominated! Starting July 1, you can head to www.podcastawards.com and nominate us for the "science and medicine" category, as well as the "people's choice" category. Listeners like you are the reason we have become one of the top pediatric podcasts for providers around the world. Your nomination could make all the difference in us receiving this recognition! Nominate us by July 31 and help Children's Hospital Colorado lead the way in pediatric podcasting. Thank you for your support!  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Around the country and across the globe, children's hospitals play an essential role in kid's health and well-being. They provide specialized care, crucial research, essential education and vital community outreach. As we kick off the new year, we take a deep dive into the evolving child health landscape to better understand what issues our patient families are currently facing and identify solutions for the future.  

Joining us for this strategic conversation are three experts: Raphe Schwartz, Chief Strategy Officer at Children's Hospital Colorado; Rhae Gamber, associate principal at Sg2 Healthcare Intelligence; and Brian Thygesen is a senior partner in strategic transformation at Chartis.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The current demographics of pediatric healthcare and how that influences care 
• How and why the workforce is vastly changing  
• The current landscape of behavioral health 
• The financial barriers and the role of Medicaid and other government programs 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

It's hard to fathom why certain children receive life altering diagnoses. Pediatricians simply want to help, and that help usually comes in the form of early diagnosis. Duchenne muscular dystrophy, otherwise known as Duchenne or DMD, is the most common fatal genetic disorder diagnosed in childhood, affecting approximately one in every 5,000 live male births. Early screening and identification can mean quicker access to care, early intervention programs and special education resources. Thanks to early diagnosis and advances in care, life expectancy is increasing. 

Our guest joining us to discuss diagnosing and treating DMD is Michele Yang, MD, who specializes in pediatric neurology and neuromuscular medicine at Children's Hospital Colorado. She is also an associate professor of pediatric neurology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. 

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How diagnosis of DMD has changed over the years. 
• Understanding the new, advanced treatments that exist. 
• Tips and tricks for primary care providers to utilize. 
• Realistic outcomes for these kids with DMD. 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Pediatricians don't often screen children and adolescents for a lipid profile, an important tool for identifying cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is considered a life-course condition, meaning it can begin in childhood, so why aren't we screening kids more regularly? Does early intervention make sense for some kids? In this episode, we discuss cholesterol, family history, genetics, and what pediatricians should be doing to educate and screen their patients. 

Stephen Daniels, MD, is the Chair of the Department of Pediatrics, as well as a professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. He is also a pediatrician in chief at Children's Hospital Colorado, specializing in pediatric preventative cardiology. Additionally, he is the L. Joseph Butterfield Chair in Pediatrics.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What we know about the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease in kids 
• The role of obesity and other important factors to watch 
• What questions to ask to understand the role of genetics and family history 
• Steps pediatricians can take for earlier diagnosis 

 For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

In this special holiday episode, we reflect on our favorite episodes from the past year and look forward to the year ahead. From all of us at Children's Hospital Colorado, we wish you a happy holiday season. Charting Pediatrics would not be the success it is today without your support, wonderful topic ideas and intrigue. It's providers like you who are changing pediatric healthcare around the world.

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

The United States has the highest rate of maternal deaths among high-income nations and women of color, are disproportionately affected. For Black women in this country, the rate jumps from 22 deaths with every 100,000 births to 50 deaths for every 100,000 births. When it comes to postpartum depression, these same women are several times more likely to suffer, but less likely to receive treatment.

To understand these disparities and discuss ways to combat them, we are joined by three experts. Shaleah Dardar, MD, and Brigitte McClellan, PsyD, specialize in child and adolescent psychiatry at Children's Hospital Colorado and are both assistant professors at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Whitney Dunlap is a lactation consultant and health educator.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Barriers and biases that put Black mothers and their babies at a disadvantage 
• How primary care providers can create a safe space for parents to be vulnerable 
• The overlap of adult care and newborn care during post-partum  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Pediatric providers around the world are focused on helping sick children — finding cures, creating new treatment options and developing innovative techniques to improve care. But when it comes to conflict zones and border areas, there are fewer doctors available to protect the health of vulnerable children. Paul Wise, MD, MPH, is a physician who has dedicated his career to taking on that complex and sometimes daunting problem, working to improve and reform systems so that no child suffers needlessly.  

Dr. Wise has served as the Juvenile Care Monitor for the U.S. Federal Court, overseeing the treatment of migrant children in the United States detention system. He's also served as the senior advisor to St. Jude Global's SAFER Ukraine collaborative since 2022, and he's supported international work in Gaza, Central America and Venezuela. As a professor and fellow of multiple disciplines at Stanford University, he is dedicated to bridging the fields of child health equity, public policy and international security studies. He is also Co-Director for the Stanford Center for Prematurity Research. He has served in a variety of professional and consultative roles, including special assistant to the U.S. Surgeon General.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• A discussion of Dr. Wise's experiences at the southern border and how they shaped his care recommendations for migrant children.  
• A global understanding of what children face in unstable environments like border areas and war zones. 
• A close look at what changes have already been implemented at local, national and international levels to better protect vulnerable children. 
• Suggestions on the role primary care providers can play in making conflict zones around the world safer for children in need. 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

2024 marks 100 years since the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child. In the aftermath of World War I, this declaration called for universal attention to the needs of children, including their health. A century later, we've made progress, but children still face vast challenges here in the United States and around the world. How can we advance the global cause of children's health? In this episode we talk to one of the world's foremost ambassadors for this work about the struggles and opportunities facing children's healthcare.

Professor Ann Skelton is a renowned children's rights expert and Chair of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. She is a professor of law at the University of Pretoria and Leiden University, as well as a visiting professor at the University of Oxford and the University of Strathclyde.

Some highlights from this episode include:

• A look into Ann Skelton's work 
• The current state of children's rights in the U.S. and around the world 
• The challenges facing children's healthcare and how health advocacy can help change that 
• Tangible opportunities to engage in to ensure all children have access to the healthcare they need

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Bringing a baby into this world is the start of many significant changes, yet one change that some families may not anticipate is post-partum depression (PPD). This condition affects more than the parent's wellbeing, it can impact children and other family members too. About one in five new parents experience mood or anxiety concerns during pregnancy or after delivery, making maternal mental health conditions the most common complication of pregnancy and childbirth. While 80% of them will fully recover, setting them up for success can start in the pediatric primary care setting.

To understand how primary care providers can help support parents with post-partum depression, we are joined by two experts for this episode. Celeste St. John-Larkin, MD, specializes in child and adolescent psychiatry at Children's Hospital Colorado and is an associate professor of child psychiatry at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. She is also The Anschutz Chair in Perinatal Mental Health. Kelly Glaze, PsyD, is a psychologist at Children's Colorado and an assistant professor of child psychiatry at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How long parents are at risk of PPD after birth 
• The difference between PPD and baby blues 
• How primary care pediatricians can support the adults alongside their kids 
• How to navigate support after giving birth 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

From startups to global corporations, CEOs have the power to make immense strides in any respective industry. In pediatric medicine, they drive advancements in child health through high-quality care, coordinated programs, education, research and advocacy. While providers are working directly with patients, these leaders are preparing the infrastructure for success while pushing us to reimagine healthcare. It's because of them, institutions like Children's Hospital Colorado and Nationwide Children's remain among the top 10 pediatric hospital systems in the country. In this episode, we go beyond the white coat by sitting down with two of the most influential CEOs in pediatrics.

Jena Hausmann is the President and CEO of Children's Colorado and Tim Robinson is the CEO of Nationwide Children's. Under Jena's leadership, Children's Colorado has been recognized nationally and internationally for our medical, research and advocacy programs. Jena has been a champion for increasing research and innovation and improving pediatric mental health. Tim's leadership has helped transform Nationwide Children's from an important regional children's medical center into an internationally prominent academic healthcare system. Nationwide has become a model for how a hospital system can improve neighborhoods, increase health care access in rural communities, drive innovation and pioneer economic development.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The career path of working in healthcare to becoming a CEO 
• How pediatric healthcare has evolved and where it's going 
• The current challenges and threats to the healthcare landscape 
• The importance of children's hospitals partnering with community providers  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

The most common congenital viral infection in children is cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). Oftentimes the mother will experience little to no symptoms, but the virus can significantly affect the newborn, with outcomes ranging from no symptoms to severe systemic and intercranial complications. What if we could prevent this infection all together with a vaccine? A candidate MRNA vaccine against CMV has elicited promising immune responses to date and is on a pathway towards FDA approval.

To learn more about this treatment, we are joined by one of the nation's leading experts in vaccine development for the prevention of congenital viral disease. Sallie Permar, MD, is the Nancy C. Paduano Professor and Chair of Pediatrics at Weill Cornell Medicine. She serves as pediatrician-in-chief at New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center. She is also a professor of immunology and microbial pathogenesis at the Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The scale of impact of congenital CMV in children 
• Understanding how the virus originates with the mother and affects the baby 
• Where the CMV vaccine stands in the vaccine development process  
• Strategies for educating the public and primary care providers on this new treatment   

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

The menstrual cycle is as regular as clockwork, or at least it should be. But for many adolescent patients, what should be a manageable monthly event turns into a full-blown disruptor of school, sports, sleep and sanity. As we explore the world of adolescent gynecology, we take a closer look at the intricate details: how cramps can hide endometriosis and 'normal' isn't always what it seems. These symptoms are not just part of puberty. These are signals that deserve attention, validation, and thorough evaluation.

This episode was recorded live on the exhibit floor at the 2025 Pediatric Academic Societies Conference in Honolulu, Hawaii. Joining us for this episode is Elizabeth Alderman, MD, Chief of the Division of Adolescent Medicine at The Children's Hospital at Montefiore. She is also a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• First-line treatments for painful periods in adolescents 
• Red flags in menstrual history that could lead to further concerns 
• Primary care diagnostic steps before referring to gynecology 
• How to create a comfortable environment for discussing these uncomfortable topics for adolescents

Charting Pediatrics is in the running for a People's Choice Podcast Award, and we need your help to get nominated! Starting July 1, you can head to www.podcastawards.com and nominate us for the "science and medicine" category, as well as the "people's choice" category. Listeners like you are the reason we have become one of the top pediatric podcasts for providers around the world. Your nomination could make all the difference in us receiving this recognition! Nominate us by July 31st and help Children's Hospital Colorado lead the way in pediatric podcasting. Thank you for your support!  

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

As a child, a nosebleed can be painful and embarrassing. Surprisingly, it's also something primary care providers run into often in their practices. While the great majority of nosebleeds, also called epistaxis, are limited in severity and duration, about 6% of people who experience them will seek medical attention. Interventions range from self-treatment and home remedies to more intensive procedural options and medications. Why are we seeing so many cases of epistaxis in our offices? What is causing the onset of these nosebleeds, and are environmental changes a culprit?

To explore the intricacies of epistaxis, we are joined by Jeremy Prager, MD. Dr. Prager specializes in otolaryngology at Children's Hospital Colorado and is a Professor of Otolaryngology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How to differentiate between a nosebleed and a more severe epistaxis diagnosis. 
• The importance of partnership between the specialist and the primary care provider to properly care for a nosebleed. 
• The most common causes of a nose bleed  in children by age. 
• How to support patients when outpatient management isn't working. 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

One of the great medical accomplishments of our time is the evolution of precision medicine. The ability to understand a patient's unique genetic profile has become more accessible to our patients, and now, there are multiple mechanisms for using that information to overcome disease.

One of the specialties leading the way in precision medicine is pediatric neurology. According to the World Health Organization, more than one in three people are affected by some type of neurological condition. They are a leading cause of ill health and disability worldwide. This subset of precision medicine will not only help us decrease those numbers but also allow us to treat some of these conditions in ways we have never done before.

To detail this exciting work, we're joined by two experts. Scott Demarest, MD, and Julie Parsons, MD, are both pediatric neurologists at Children's Hospital Colorado and faculty at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Dr. Demarest focuses on rare epilepsy conditions, and Dr. Parsons specializes in neuromuscular disease. Dr. Demarest is the Clinical Director of the Precision Medicine Institute at Children's Colorado.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Understanding precision neurology within the context of precision medicine 
• Why precision neurology positively impacts diagnosis and treatment options 
• How families are more easily accessing important genetic testing 
• The role primary care providers play with caring for these rare diseases 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

Many of us avoid talking about suicide, not only because it's a difficult conversation, but also because we don't know how to. And avoiding that conversation can be a barrier to helping those most at risk.

One family from Colorado is at the forefront of changing the stigma and creating opportunities for fearless conversations. They courageously shared their story in a powerful documentary released earlier this year called "My Sister Liv." In this special episode, we honor Liv Kunik's life and learn about how her story is spurring hundreds of courageous discussions around suicide.

The guests for this episode are family members at the heart and soul of the documentary, as well as mental health advocates. Honey Beuf is Liv's mom, and she is the co-founder and Executive Director of The Liv Project. Tess Kunik is Liv's sister and the co-founder of The Liv Project. Her voice also narrates the film, taking us through Liv's story. Jessica Hawks, PhD, is the Clinical Director of the Pediatric Mental Health Institute at Children's Hospital Colorado and a child and adolescent psychologist. She is also an Associate Professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• An overview of how the "My Sister Liv" documentary came together and the impact it's having in the community  
• Ways for friends, family and providers to have "fearless conversations" 
• A discussion of how providers can best care for suicidal patients and their families, such as asking direct questions 
• A look at advocacy efforts underway and tools created to support courageous conversations 
• A youth suicide prevention resource from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention providers can use in their daily practice 

Visit The Liv Project website to learn more about their work, how you can access the film and details about the game mentioned in the episode, The Game that Goes There.

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

In the state of Colorado, cases of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) and Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) increased by 120% from 2011 to 2016. Clinicians provide critical support to improve outcomes for these newborns, and there's been impressive collaboration among healthcare providers around this issue. Two important examples are the Colorado Hospitals Substance Exposed Newborn Quality Improvement Collaborative, otherwise known as CHoSEN QIC, and Kids in Care Setting Clinic (KICKS). In this episode, we learn about these initiatives and how they benefit hospitals like Children's Hospital Colorado to provide the best care for our patients.

Joining us for this discussion are two experts. Bird Gilmartin, MD, is the Medical Director for Kids in Care Settings Clinic (KICS) at Children's Colorado, as well as an associate professor of clinical pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Sunah (Susan) Hwang, MD, specializes in neonatal and perinatal medicine at Children's Colorado and is an associate professor of pediatric neonatology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

This episode looks at: 

• The epidemic of perinatal opioid use, as well as illicit and legally prescribed substance abuse 
• Suggestions on shifting your perspective as a provider about families with substance use issues 
• The ways these substance abuse programs intertwine with our legal system  

Some resources our experts recommend utilizing are the Colorado Perinatal Care Quality Collaborative (CPCQC), Illuminate, and Tough as a Mother. 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Despite the pervasiveness of child trafficking in the United States, many communities aren't aware of the scope of the issue. Here in Colorado, the University of Colorado's Kempe Center is recognized as a leader in the fight against child abuse, and they are important voices in the global conversation around identifying and ending child trafficking. By committing to responding, treating and preventing all forms of child abuse and neglect, medical professionals can make a difference in this crucial effort.

To shed light on these realities and provide insight into how we can all play a part, we are joined by Denise Abdoo, PhD, CPNP., who specializes in child abuse neglect at Children's Hospital Colorado. She is an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, as well as a member of the Kempe Center's facility.   

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The current state of child trafficking nationally and globally 
• The work the Kempe Center is doing to help combat child abuse 
• The reasons why child trafficking is under reported 
• Ways the medical community can provide both physical and mental health care 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

With kids back in school, pediatric viral illnesses are revving their engines. It seems we have returned to normal seasonality for viral disease after the coronavirus pandemic. Top of mind with the arrival of fall is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We know how quickly the onset of RSV season can take over our waiting rooms.  

Last year, two important developments occurred that could change the course of RSV prevention: the FDA approval of a maternal vaccine and a monoclonal antibody for infants. Far too few mothers and infants benefitted from these treatments during last year's respiratory season, but now we've had a year to prepare to do better.

Joining us to discuss this hot topic are two expert pediatricians. Sean O'Leary, MD, is an Infectious Disease Physician at Children's Hospital Colorado, a Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and is the chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases, also known as the Red Book Committee. Matt Dorighi, MD, specializes in pediatrics at Cherry Creek Pediatrics. He is currently chair of the Pediatric Care Network, the largest clinically integrated network for children in the state of Colorado.  

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Guidelines for Nirsevimab and the maternal vaccine 
• Why availability will not be a barrier this respiratory season 
• How practices can combat vaccine hesitancy 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to have more medical complications than the average kid. Among the most common challenges are gastrointestinal (GI) disorders like abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea. Untreated GI distress in kids with ASD has been linked to many other issues, including sleep, behavioral and psychiatric disorders. Many of these same kids also have selective eating, which impacts their intake of necessary nutrients. Due to these many layers of complexity, it can be challenging to know how to help a child with ASD and GI symptoms.   

To understand this intricate issue, we are joined by Christine Waasdorp Hurtado, MD, who specializes in gastroenterology at Children's Hospital Colorado. She is the Southern Colorado Executive Faculty Director of the Department of Pediatrics, as well as a Professor of Pediatrics for the University of Colorado School of Medicine. 

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The most common GI issues in kids with ASD 
• How primary care providers can best treat these kids 
• How certain treatment outcomes can improve quality of life 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Sharing data transparently, whether at a local or a national level, is a foundational contributor to healthcare quality. Atul Gawande wrote about this in his 2004 essay labeled 'The Bell Curve'. Over the last several decades, we have seen many pediatric specialties organize and collaborate around data collection at a national scale to improve care. We've seen firsthand how our hospital's participation in a national cardiac critical care registry has driven quality improvement, better measurable outcomes and improved cardiac arrest rates for patients. Getting the data collection right is the first challenge. In between that first step and actually seeing improvements is a tremendous amount of work. In this episode, we explore the value of data sharing and transparency to improve outcomes for kids.

Our experts for this episode are Carly Scahill, DO, and Kelly O'Neil. Dr. Scahill specializes in pediatric cardiology as a pediatric cardiac intensivist. She is also the Fellowship Director for pediatric cardiology and the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU), as well as an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Kelly O'Neil is a registered nurse and the Manager of the Heart Institute Data Registries and Outcomes. Before her current role, she was a CICU nurse for over ten years.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• The purpose and use of clinical registries 
• How data collection improves measurable outcomes 
• The future of data collection in healthcare 
• How to get more entities involved 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

Over the last few decades, the roles of nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs), also known as advanced practice providers (APPs), have greatly expanded to touch even more patient-family lives. They are an essential part of the care we provide, and their roles have evolved over time. In this episode, we explore the crucial part they play in our medical system and how that might continue to evolve in the future.

For this episode, we are joined by two University of Colorado leaders who continue to help keep our APP programs among the top ranked in the country. Jonathan Bowser is the Child Health Associate and Physician Assistant Program Director at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. He is also the Associate Dean of Physician Assistant Studies, the Section Head of Pediatrics, and an associate professor. Jill Marks, NP, is the Specialty Director of the Acute Care Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program at the University of Colorado College of Nursing. She is also an inpatient nurse practitioner for the section of pediatric neurology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Background on the creation of NPs and PAs 
• The ways these roles have changed over time 
• The impact APPs make on patient care 
• The role APPs will play in healthcare in the future 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

Our medical community is committed to providing excellent patient care, and it's also our duty for that care to extend to our planet. Climate change is an increasingly important global health issue where children are the most vulnerable to adverse health outcomes. One major contributing factor to climate change in medicine is the use of nitrous oxide in spaces like the operating room and outpatient clinics. Efforts are underway in hospitals across the country to decrease our environmental impact, including at Children's Hospital Colorado.

To explore the exciting new project happening at Children's Colorado and to discuss the environmental impacts on a global scale, we are joined by two experts. Tom Majcher, DO, is the Chief of Anesthesiology at Children's Colorado, as well as a professor of pediatrics and clinical practice for anesthesiology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Diane Gordon, MD, specializes in anesthesiology at Children's Colorado and is an associate professor of pediatric anesthesiology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• How nitrous oxide is currently used in medical settings 
• The damage it does on the environment 
• What efforts are underway to reduce its impact 
• How to keep the same standard of care with new alternatives 
• The importance of this transition in the operating room 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

Screening for hip dysplasia in infants can make a big difference in their outcomes. Still, we know there are kids that fall through the cracks and later present with pain. Early detection of this condition is critical from a developmental standpoint, and proper therapy can guide those patients towards a pain free and active life.

To help us uncover all we need to know about hip dysplasia, we are joined by Erika Valentine, MD. She is a pediatric orthopedist at Children's Colorado and is an Assistant Professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• Signs to look out for in the first few years of life 
• Why and how long-term issues can occur 
• Understanding treatment options 
• How primary care providers can support and manage their patients with hip dysplasia 

Charting Pediatrics is in the running for a People's Choice Podcast Award, and we need your help to get nominated! Starting July 1, you can head to www.podcastawards.com and nominate us for the "science and medicine" category, as well as the "people's choice" category. Listeners like you are the reason we have become one of the top pediatric podcasts for providers around the world. Your nomination could make all the difference in us receiving this recognition! Nominate us by July 31st and help Children's Hospital Colorado lead the way in pediatric podcasting. Thank you for your support! 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Over the last few decades, there have been many incredible medical advances in newborn care. At Children's Hospital Colorado, we're launching an exciting new initiative to take another step forward in care for our tiniest patients.

For newborns who need to be hospitalized, getting home as soon as possible is critical for their successful development. A common barrier for discharge that can keep babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for additional days or weeks is the need for a nasogastric (NG) tube. Ensuring an infant is receiving proper nutrition is essential to securing a safe discharge. What if we could deliver NG tube feeds at home and provide all the necessary support? That's the game changing idea we explore in this episode with our neonatology experts.

To dive into this topic, we are joined by three neonatologists practicing at Children's Colorado. Stephanie Bourque, MD, Kathleen Hannan, MD, and Danielle Smith, MD, tell us about a new at-home NG tube feed program that the team at Children's Colorado is currently developing. Dr. Smith is the Medical Director of the NICU, Dr. Bourque is the Associate Medical Director of the NICU, and all three of our guests are faculty at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What the need has been historically for NG tubes 
• Model for this at-home program 
• What's required to make this at-home model a reality 
• The role of the primary care provider in this partnership 
• The impact a change like this could have on patient outcomes and family satisfaction

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

Join us for another insightful season of Charting Pediatrics! The same hosts you know and love will continue to bring the latest and greatest information about pediatric medicine to your ears. Joined by renowned experts, we will explore prominent topics while being moved by their personal stories. This is a season you won't want to miss!

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

We all know what it feels like to have a headache, but each person can experience that intensity for dozens of different reasons. Globally, headache disorders affect approximately 40% of the population, which is about 3.1 billion people. Headaches are also among the three most common neurological conditions for most age groups starting at age 5.

As such a ubiquitous issue, it's important for providers to understand, diagnose and treat headaches. What are the most common reasons for headaches in children? How should pediatricians know when a headache is more than surface-level discomfort?

To learn about the latest in pediatric headaches, we are joined by two headache experts, Marcy Yonker, MD, and Angelina Koehler, NP. Dr. Yonker is the Director of the Headache Program at Children's Colorado and the Dale, Cindy and Kristin Francescon Endowed Chair for Headache Treatment with the University of Colorado Department of Pediatrics. Angelina Koehler is a certified pediatric nurse practitioner in the Neuroscience Institute at Children's Colorado.

Some highlights from this episode include: 

• What PCPs should take into account about migraines 
• How to approach headache treatment options 
• What to consider with hesitation around certain medications 
• When to look for signs of a more serious illness 

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.    

For almost 50 years, Dr. Fritz Karrer has been wearing a surgeon's cap, growing as a surgeon alongside the evolution of his specialty. For 40 of those 50 years, he's been at Children's Hospital Colorado, making an everlasting impact on kids and their families. On the brink of retirement, we look at his exemplary career and discuss how he's watched firsthand the progression of pediatric surgery. His half century of perspective makes him the perfect expert to dive into the growth of pediatric surgery.

Dr. Karrer specializes in pediatric surgery and surgical critical care at Children's Colorado and is a Professor of Pediatric Surgery at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. He's also a colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve, he was recognized as a top doctor in 2023 by 5280 Magazine and he's been awarded the James Strain Award and the Military Medical Merit from the U.S. Army.

Some highlights from this episode include:   

• The incredible journey of Dr. Karrer's career 
• The ways pediatric surgery has evolved over the last 50 years 
• The influence of technology on pediatric surgery 
• Advice for young doctors wanting to follow a similar path   

For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org.