In 1942, Cleo Wright was removed from a Sikeston, Missouri, jail and lynched by a mob. Nearly 80 years later, Denzel Taylor was killed by police in the same community. The deaths of these two Black fathers tell a story about the public health consequences of racism and systemic bias. Meet residents determined to live healthier lives after generations of community silence. “Silence in Sikeston” is the podcast about finding the words to say the things that go unsaid. This is an invitation. Perhaps this journalism, these stories, will spark a conversation that you’ve been meaning to have.

All four episodes of Silence of Sikeston are available now on Apple, Spotify, or PRX

To hear all KFF Health News podcasts, click here.

Over 70% of Indigenous people in the United States live in urban areas. But urban Indian health makes up less than 2% of the Indian Health Service’s annual budget.

While enrolled members of federally recognized tribes can access the Indian Health Service or tribally run health care on their reservations, Indigenous people who live in cities can find themselves without access to the care they're entitled to.

“Even though we're living in urban areas now, that doesn't mean that our benefits should leave us,” said Esther Lucero, president and CEO of the Seattle Indian Health Board.

The Seattle Indian Health Board is one of many urban clinics across the United States that opened to address the discrimination and lack of services Indigenous people face in cities. These clinics work to meet the cultural and ceremonial needs of the populations they serve.

“We are much more than a community health center or place that provides direct service. We are a home away from home,” Lucero said.

Episode 12 explores the barriers Indigenous people face to accessing quality health care in cities and the efforts of urban Indian clinics to meet the needs of this population.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the Episode:

• Esther Lucero, president and CEO of the Seattle Indian Health Board 
• Dr. Patrick Rock, CEO of the Indian Health Board of Minneapolis 
• Douglas Miller, an associate professor of Native American History at Oklahoma State University
• Richard Wright, a spiritual health adviser with the Indian Health Board of Minneapolis

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

To hear all KHN podcasts, click here.

On the morning of July 16, 1979, a dam broke at a uranium mine near Church Rock, New Mexico, releasing 1,100 tons of radioactive waste and pouring 94 million gallons of contaminated water into the Rio Puerco. Toxic substances flowed downstream for nearly 100 miles, according to a report to a congressional committee that year.

In the 1970s, uranium mining was a good source of income, leading many Indigenous people and other locals to seek out jobs in the mines and the mills where uranium ore was processed in preparation for making fuel. The work was often grueling, but many young people didn’t have other options to support their families. 

Episode 3 is an exploration of the forces that brought uranium mining to the Navajo Nation, the harmful consequences, and the fight for compensation that continues today. It is the first in a two-episode arc of reporting about uranium mining.

Working in the mills, people were exposed to a powdery radioactive substance, called yellow cake, that is produced as part of the uranium milling process.

Larry King, who is Diné and a former uranium worker, said he worked in his street clothes.

“So it was just usually one of my old shirts, my pants. No gloves. No respirator. Nothing. So everybody’s breathing all that dust.”

Another former uranium worker, Linda Evers, said she wasn’t told about the dangers associated with uranium exposure.

“When we had safety meetings, it was about regular first aid,” she said. “There was no mention of radiation — or any of the side effects from it.”

The consequences of radiation exposure can build quietly in the body, over decades and generations. It can cause multiple types of cancer, birth defects, and other ailments.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the episode:

• Amber Crotty, Navajo Nation Council delegate, Window Rock, Arizona — @Kanazbah
• Linda Evers, president of Post 71 Uranium Workers Committee and former uranium mine worker
• Phil Harrison, activist and former uranium mine worker
• Larry King, activist and former uranium mine worker
• Judy Pasternak, journalist and author of Yellow Dirt: An American Story of a Poisoned Land and a People Betrayed
• Edith Hood, activist and former probe technician for Kerr-McGee Corp.
• Cipriano Lucero, former uranium mine worker

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

Reagan Wytsalucy was looking for a lost orchard. Martin Reinhardt wanted to know more about and better understand the taste of Indigenous foods before European colonization in North America. They followed different paths, but their goals were similar: to reclaim their food traditions to improve the health and vitality of their communities.

Native foodways of hunting, fishing, gathering, and farming have been under threat since the arrival of Europeans. Colonization, forced relocations, and, later, highly processed foods fundamentally reshaped the diet of many Indigenous people. The effects of those changes have rippled through generations. Now, Indigenous people are twice as likely to have diabetes as white Americans, according to a 2017 CDC report.

In this episode, we’ll hear how the history of a scorched-earth campaign, and other disruptive policies, altered the landscape of Indigenous foodways and, in return, Indigenous bodies. History and food experts like Wytsalucy and Reinhardt are nurturing Native food traditions.

One result: The Southwest peach has become a symbol of resilience. 

“So it's almost just a way of saying, you know, we're still here as a people. Despite everything that's occurred, we are still here,” said Wytsalucy.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the Episode: 

• Reagan Wytsalucy, Extension Assistant Professor at Agriculture & Natural Resources, Utah State University
• Roy Talker, Wytsalucy’s father who served as a Navajo translator and assisted with foodways research
• Martin Reinhardt, Professor of Native American Studies at Northern Michigan University — on Facebook

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

Travel to the forests outside the Grand Canyon to follow Dr. Sophina Calderon and other Navajo Nation leaders as covid-19 tests the Diné people. 

Roughly 30% of the homes on the Navajo Nation rely on wood-burning stoves for heat. Many of those households haul wood from nearby forests. That’s what Calderon was doing when she realized the pandemic’s reach wouldn’t stop at the hospital — it was going to create a heating crisis too. 

This episode explores root causes behind why some citizens of the Navajo Nation lack access to electricity and other infrastructure, and how so-called social determinants of health made the Diné so vulnerable to the first surges of the pandemic.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the episode:

• Dr. Sophina Calderón — @calderonsophina
• Jill Jim, Ph.D. — LinkedIn
• Dr. Ernestine Chaco — @Ernestine_Chaco

Episode 1 includes audio of pine siskin birds recorded in Coconino, Arizona, courtesy of contributor Parker Davis via the Macaulay Library at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology (ML153777441).

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

In the years leading up to the pandemic, Dr. Celine Gounder, the host of the American Diagnosis and EPIDEMIC podcasts, had the opportunity to care for patients part-time at several Indian Health Service facilities around the United States. Working on the “rez,” one theme came up over and over: resilience.

In this latest season of American Diagnosis, we’re going to share stories of Indigenous people who are taking action to protect the health and wellbeing of their communities in the face of incredible odds and we’ll ask hard questions about why they are confronting so many challenges to their health.

Listen to new episodes of American Diagnosis Season 4: Rezilience starting Jan. 18, 2022. Subscribe to American Diagnosis wherever you get you podcasts.

"Science is harmed when scientists don't take into account the bias that comes along with inherently being a human." -Kafui Dzirasa

As a result of centuries of discrimination, and lack of access to education and opportunity, African Americans comprise only 5% of active physicians in the United States today.  Former-Surgeon General David Satcher, who was also the first African American to lead the CDC, has been working to improve health equity in the United States since his days as a medical student in the 1960s. In this bonus episode of AMERICAN DIAGNOSIS, we’re going to hear about efforts to improve health equity in America from leaders like Dr. Satcher, former-NIH director Harold Varmus, and Kafui Dzirasa. We’ll see how they are seizing this critical moment for racial justice to improve health outcomes and professional opportunities for people of color in the sciences.

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

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"Nobody really wants to leave their community and I don't blame them because it's our culture and we shouldn't have to move just to have clean air to breathe. That should be God-given right to drink clean water, to breathe clean air.” -Hilton Kelley

During the modern environmental movement of the late 60’s and early 70’s, landmark legislation was passed in the U.S. to ensure cleaner, safer air and water across the nation. But in recent years it’s been difficult for environmental policies to get through Congress. That leaves activists having to turn their energy away from Washington and instead focus on grassroot movements to create local change.

In this bonus episode, we will hear from Ralph Nader, a consumer activist and former presidential candidate, and Hilton Kelley, who is fighting to clean up his hometown of Port Arthur, Texas by empowering the community to demand cleaner air.

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

"As we enter into a time of climate change, one of the things we're realizing is these communities that have been systematically oppressed are now the spaces people with money want to be in because all around us is sinking" - Nicole Crooks

In this bonus episode of AMERICAN DIAGNOSIS, we’re going to look at how climate change is impacting the health of people… and their communities in South Florida. We'll hear from a physician working to change the way her colleagues think about how climate impacts health, and we’ll talk to two people working to make sure that residents can keep their homes when developers start looking to higher ground as sea levels rise.

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

"This can't continue to go on and if I have to be the one to take up the mantle, then I'll do that because that's what my daughter would have done." -Wanda Irving

The United States is the richest country in the world with some of the most advanced medical treatments available anywhere. But you’d never know it if you knew how many mothers die in — and after — childbirth here. The U.S. has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the industrialized world and the rate is staggeringly high for women of color, especially Black women. In this special bonus episode about maternal mortality we’re going to hear firsthand how this trend is affecting Black mothers and learn about one possible solution to this deadly disparity.

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

"We used to be a nation where people were one bad gene or one bad traffic accident away from bankruptcy. That's not true anymore." -Jonathan Gruber

It's been 10 years since President Barack Obama  signed the Affordable Care Act into law. Some of its most popular provisions included protections for people with pre-existing conditions, allowing children to stay on their family’s health insurance until they turn 26, and expanding prescription drug coverage for Medicare recipients. But the law remains controversial. On Nov. 10, 2020, the Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in the latest constitutional challenge to the law. In this bonus episode of American Diagnosis, we look back at the surprising origins of the Affordable Care Act, see why it’s become so controversial, and what the latest legal challenge to the ACA would mean for the millions of Americans who depend on the law for their health insurance. 

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

Transcript

“Despite all of those other cues, my white coat, my scrubs, you know, somebody just looked out the window and saw danger. And even the officers who came to talk to me couldn't override their biases that said danger.  And this is not a unique experience at all. I have friends, particularly black men who have trained at some of the best institutions in the country, that not only have these experiences with police, they have these experience with campus police as they're walking around, like going into research labs with their ID badges on. It is like this is a shared experience.”
-Kafui Dzirasa, M.D., Ph.D.

Today on "Epidemic," we will be hearing a bonus episode from our sister podcast, "American Diagnosis" about some of the issues around race and racism in medicine. In this episode, Dr. Celine Gounder speaks with Dr. Kafui Dzirasa, a psychiatrist and NIH-funded brain researcher at Duke University, about his journey climbing to the heights of biomedical research in the United States as a first-generation immigrant and a black man. We’ll hear how the legacy of slavery continues in science and medicine, Kaf’s advice on finding mentors, and how he’s handling the pandemic as a scientist and an African American.

This podcast was created by Just Human Productions. We're powered and distributed by Simplecast. We're supported, in part, by listeners like you.

#BlackLivesMatter #BLM #BlackInTheIvory

Lanor Curole is a member of the United Houma Nation. She grew up in Golden Meadow, a small bayou town in Southern Louisiana. The impacts of repetitive flooding in the area forced her to move farther north.

Louisiana’s coastal wetlands lose about 16 square miles of land each year. This land loss, pollution from the 2010 BP oil spill, and lingering devastation from Hurricanes Katrina and Ida are pushing many Houma people out of their homes.

Since 1985, the United Houma Nation has been seeking federal tribal recognition status. Without this status, the tribe has fewer resources to respond to the climate crisis.

“Our people are on that front line, but we don't have a seat at that table,” Curole said.

Gaining federal recognition would grant the Houma access to the Indian Health Service and would allow the tribe to work directly with federal agencies like the Federal Emergency Management Agency when storms strike.

“It's not like Willy Wonka’s ‘golden ticket’ … but I think it does open some additional doors that are definitely closed to us right now,” Curole said.

Episode 11 explores the Houma people’s efforts to preserve culture in the face of the climate crisis.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the episode:

• Lanor Curole, Houma tribal administrator
• Thomas Dardar Jr., former chief of the United Houma Nation
• Shanondora Billiot, assistant professor of social work at Arizona State University
• Daniel Lewerenz, assistant professor at the University of North Dakota School of Law

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.  

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.  

EPIDEMIC is a new, weekly podcast on the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19). Hear from some of the world’s leading infectious disease and public health experts. We’ll help you understand the latest science, the bigger context, and bring you diverse angles—from history and anthropology to politics and economics—depth and texture you won’t get elsewhere.

Hosted by Dr. Celine Gounder, an infectious disease specialist and epidemiologist who has worked on tuberculosis and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, and was an Ebola worker during the West African epidemic. And co-hosted by Ron Klain, the U.S. Ebola czar from 2014 to 2015.

As we transition from regional epidemics to a full-on pandemic, we’re likely to see coronavirus spread here in the U.S. There are things we can do to prepare, to care for ourselves, our families, and our communities.

Tweet your questions to @celinegounder and @ronaldklain. We’ll answer a couple on the show each week.

#SARS-CoV-2 #COVID19 #coronavirus

Tomorrow is the second anniversary of the Parkland shooting. How have the survivors channeled their grief into advocacy? What were some of the tough lessons they had to learn about inclusion along the way? And how do we all move forward as a nation together? Guests: David Hogg and Tyah-Amoy Roberts, student members of the Board of Directors of the March for Our Lives and survivors of the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting; David Yamane, Professor of Sociology at Wake Forest University, and an expert on Gun Culture 2.0 and the rise of guns as tools for self-defense; and Kevin Creighton, a gun enthusiast and writer for Ricochet.com, NRA Family and Shooting Illustrated. Apple Google Spotify Read the transcript

Black and brown communities have borne the brunt of gun violence for decades. But when it comes to the national debate about gun safety or gun violence prevention, their efforts have largely been overlooked. Now that new constituencies have come to the table, how do we make sure POC don’t just have a seat, but a real voice? Guests: Kayla Hicks, Director of African-American & Community Outreach for the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence (CSGV); Reverend Jeffrey Brown, Baptist minister and President of Rebuilding Every Community Around Peace (RECAP); Anthony Smith, Executive Director of Cities United; and AU Hogan, Associate Director and Chief of Streets for Life Camp.

Joseph Sakran was shot in the neck as a teenager. He went on to become a trauma surgeon. When the NRA tweeted doctors should "stay in their lane," Joseph and others were outraged. Joseph started #ThisIsOurLane, an umbrella for health care providers and all the other communities who've lived and borne witness to gun violence. Guests: Dr. Joseph Sakran, Director of Emergency General Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital; Dr. Damon Clark, Assistant Professor of Clinical Surgery and Associate Medical Director of the Surgical Intensive Care Unit at the University of Southern California; Dr. Cedric Dark, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine at the Baylor College of Medicine; Kereen Constant, second-year medical student at Howard University; Dr. Meghana Rao, OBGYN, Baltimore, Maryland; and Dr. William Jordan, Population Health Transformation Lead, Center for Health Equity at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

Vets know guns and gunfights better than most of us. Guns are a big part of their identity. So why have so many stepped up to speak out in favor of gun safety and gun reform? Guests: Peter Lucier, Marine veteran, Afghanistan; Kyleanne Hunter, Vice President of Programs for the Brady Campaign, U.S. Marine Corps Legislative Liaison Officer, and Marine combat helicopter pilot in Iraq and Afghanistan; Joseph Plenzler, former Marines’ commandant spokesman at the Pentagon, and Marine veteran, Iraq; Steven Kiernan, Marine veteran, Iraq; and Kyle Hausmann-Stokes, filmmaker, and Army veteran, Iraq. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #HomicideSuicide #FamilyDrama #Family Annihilation #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

For a long time, there was a passion gap between the gun-rights and gun violence prevention movements. But then Sandy Hook and Parkland sparked a change… for moms and youth. Guests: Allison Volkmann, Project Director for the Doctors for America Gun Violence Prevention Initiative; Anneliese Dickman, Milwaukee Program Manager for the Brady Campaign’s Combating Crime Guns Initiative; Penelope Spurr and Eli Counce, co-founders of Students for Change; and Michelle Roehm McCann, a children’s book editor and author of Enough Is Enough: How Students Can Join the Fight for Gun Safety. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #HomicideSuicide #FamilyDrama #Family Annihilation #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Many social movements—including civil rights, women's rights, gay rights, and environmental protection—have their origins in the 1960s. In the aftermath of the assassinations of JFK, RFK, and MLK, the NRA joined the American Culture Wars and became the militant gun-rights advocacy organization we know today. But there hasn't been an analogous gun violence prevention movement... at least until now. What changed and why? Guests: Kristin Goss, Professor of Public Policy and Political Science at Duke University and author of Disarmed: The Missing Movement for Gun Control in America; and Scott Melzer, Professor of Sociology at Albion College and author of Gun Crusaders: The NRA’s Culture War. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #HomicideSuicide #FamilyDrama #Family Annihilation #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Switzerland has one of the highest gun ownership rates in the world. The United States is the only other developed country with more guns per capita than Switzerland. And yet, Switzerland has one of the world's lowest crime and gun homicide rates in the world. Is there a way to have a strong gun culture without gun violence? Guests: Nora Markwalder, Assistant Professor of Criminal Law, Law of Criminal Procedure and Criminology, Universität St. Gallen; Thomas Reisch, Professor of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Hospital of Psychiatry Muensingen; Josef Lang, historian and former member of Swiss parliament. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #HomicideSuicide #FamilyDrama #Family Annihilation #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Americans have the right to own guns. But what responsibilities do gun owners have? to themselves? their families? and their communities? Guests: Tony Gomez, Manager of Seattle & King County's Violence and Injury Prevention Unit; Cassandra Crifasi, Assistant Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, and a law-abiding gun owner; Dr. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Associate Professor of Epidemiology at the University of Washington; Jennifer Stuber, Co-Founder of Forefront and Associate Professor of Social Work at the University of Washington. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #LockItUp #Forefront #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Gun owners, their kids, and their families and friends are dying from gun-related suicides. By the numbers, this is the biggest gun violence problem we've got. We live in two very different worlds when it comes to guns in the U.S. The people for whom their only experience of guns is as a problem… and the people for whom guns will never be a problem… until… they are. What can we say to gun owners to help them understand that we care about their safety? Who the messenger is—that matters. Guests: Dr. Emmy Betz, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine; Ralph Demicco, former owner of Riley's Gun Shop and Co-Chair of the New Hampshire Firearm Safety Coalition; Dr. Cathy Barber, Director of Means Matter at the Harvard School of Public Health’s Injury Control Research Center; and Marc Holley, former marine and owner of Atlas Defense. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #TheGunShopProject #MeansMatter #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Mending broken trust may be a first step for investigators who want to increase the participation of Native people in medical research. 

“There's such a history of extractive research in Indigenous communities, such that ‘research’ and ‘science’ are sometimes dirty words,” said Navajo geneticist and bioethicist Krystal Tsosie.

Poor communication and a lack of transparency are among the missteps that have eroded the trust Indigenous communities have in medical research. And that mistrust has contributed to the underrepresentation of Native people in clinical trials. 

In 2018, Tsosie co-founded the Native BioData Consortium, a research institute led by Indigenous scientists. The consortium is working to improve health equity by actively engaging community members in the research process. When the group collects biological samples from Native tribes, they are stored on sovereign Native American land and made accessible only to researchers who are prioritizing Indigenous health needs. 

“The benefits are directly rolled back into the people and their communities without a profit to outside entities,” Tsosie said.

Episode 10 explores the history of exploitation of Indigenous communities by outside researchers and some of the health consequences of being left out of medical trials.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the Episode: 

• Dr. Dakotah Lane – Executive medical director of the Lummi Tribal Health Clinic
• Krystal Tsosie — Twitter – Co-founder and ethics and policy director for the Native BioData Consortium

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

To hear all KHN podcasts, click here.

Seventeen states and DC have red flag laws, aka Extreme Risk Protection Orders. But it's not enough to pass a law. That's just the beginning of the work that needs to be done. Guests: Tami Tunnell and Peter Contos, Illinois Coalition Against Handgun Violence; Shannon Frattaroli, Associate Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; and Kimberly Wyatt, Senior Deputy Prosecuting Attorney, King County Prosecutor's Office. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Extreme risk protection orders, aka red flag laws, have been passed in 17 states and DC, and now Congress is considering a federal red flag law. But how do Extreme Risk Protection Orders work? And do they save lives? Guests: Jeffrey Swanson, Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the Duke University School of Medicine; Amy Barnhorst, Vice Chair for Community Mental Health in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California, Davis; Julia Spoor, Founder of Students Demand Action; Tom Sullivan, Colorado state house representative and father of Alex Sullivan, a victim of the 2012 Aurora shooting. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Saying mass shooters are “evil” is overly simplistic and doesn’t do much to prevent them from killing. But understanding what they have in common, like suicidality, may help us intervene before it’s too late. Guests: Sue Klebold, the mother of one of the Columbine shooters, a suicide prevention activist, author of A Mother's Reckoning: Living in the Aftermath of Tragedy, and TEDMED 2016 speaker; Adam Lankford, Professor of Criminology at The University of Alabama; Jillian Peterson, Assistant Professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Hamline University, and Co-Founder of the Violence Project; and J. Reid Meloy, a forensic psychologist, and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #Columbine #Aurora #Sandyhook #Newtown #Parkland #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

People die by suicide when they think they’re a burden on others, when they’re socially isolated, and when they have the ability to injure themselves lethally. Dying by suicide is really hard to do. It's not an impulsive act. You need to have the knowledge and means to act on your feelings – with lethality. Guests: Thomas Joiner, Professor of Psychology at Florida State University and author of "Why Do People Die by Suicide?", and Michael Anestis, Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Southern Mississippi and author of "Guns and Suicide: An American Epidemic." | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

With almost 400 million guns in the U.S., law enforcement officers have good reason to fear for their lives. Every civilian they encounter in the line of duty could be armed and dangerous. Guests: Mark Jones, retired ATF agent and Senior Policy Advisor to the Illinois Council Against Handgun Violence; Franklin Zimring, Professor of Law at the University of California at Berkeley and author of The Great American Crime Decline; David Swedler, Associate Research Scientist at the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation; Richard Myers, retired police chief and Executive Director of the Major Cities Chiefs’ Association; Jennifer Carlson, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Arizona, and author of Citizen Protectors: The Everyday Politics of Guns in an Age of Decline; Jeff McGill, Vice-President and Co-founder of Blue H.E.L.P., Academy Director at Northwest Florida State College, former law enforcement officer, veteran, and author of The Price They Pay. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | #EndGunViolence glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #LEO #Police #BlueLives #BlueLivesMatter #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Have we entered the era of Minority Report and “true crime”? Yes… and no. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, facial recognition, and IPOs are very much part of the story, but so are paper records and microfiche. American law enforcement straddles the digital age… and the stone age. Guests: Paul Neudigate, Assistant Police Chief, Cincinnati Police Department; Charles West, Former Director of Innovation with the Mayor’s Office in New Orleans; and Mark Jones, retired ATF agent and former Project Director for the National Law Enforcement Partnership. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #LEO #Police #BlueLives #BlueLivesMatter #Palantir #PeterThiel #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Cops are supposed to enforce laws, reduce crime, and make communities safer. But what happens when cops don’t make people feel safe? When people don’t trust the police? When cynicism about the legal system sets in? And when, as in the case of the Baltimore Gun Trace Task Force, the cops are criminals? Guests: Daniel Webster, Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, and TEDMED 2014 speaker; Justin Fenton, crime reporter for The Baltimore Sun and author of the upcoming book We Own This City; Cassandra Crifasi, Assistant Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, and a law-abiding gun owner; Andrew Papachristos, Professor of Sociology at Northwestern University; and Ekow Yankah, Professor of Law and Criminal Theory at Yeshiva University's Cardozo Law School. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #LEO #Police #BlueLives #BlueLivesMatter #Baltimore #GunTraceTaskforce #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

We typically think of policing as something that’s done by police officers. But what if the most important policing… is self-policing... by individuals and communities? Guests: Sirena Cotton, Founder of Roc the Peace in Rochester; Harold Pollack, Professor at the University of Chicago, and Co-Director of the Crime Lab and Health Lab; Patrick Sharkey, Professor and Chair of the Department of Sociology at New York University, and author of An Uneasy Peace and Stuck in Place; Patricia Rogers, Executive Director of the Dominican Center in Milwaukee; and Charles Branas, Professor and Chair of Epidemiology at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University, and co-author of Changing Places. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #LEO #Police #BlueLives #BlueLivesMatter #BrokenWindows #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Up until recently, Oakland and New Orleans shared something in common: they had some of the highest murder rates in the country. They implemented some of the same strategies focused on high-risk individuals, but gun shootings and homicides dipped in one city, but in the other, not. Why the difference? Guests: Vaughn Crandall, Co-Director of the California Partnership for Safe Communities; Barbara Lafitte-Oluwole with Oakland Community Organizations; Michael McLively, Director of Giffords Law Center's Urban Gun Violence Initiative; and Charles West, Former Director of Innovation with the Mayor’s Office in New Orleans. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #CeaseFire #CureViolence #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Urban gun violence is driven by small groups of high-risk individuals—what some of us call "gangs." They're high-risk for perpetrating violence and for being shot and killed. Guests: David M. Kennedy, Professor of Criminal Justice and Director of the National Network for Safe Communities at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and author of Don't Shoot: One Man, a Street Fellowship, and the End of Violence in Inner-City America; Stan Ross, Program Manager, Cincinnati Initiative to Reduce Violence (CIRV); Gamba Oba, member of CIRV’s Positive Influence Team. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #CeaseFire #CureViolence #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Correction: This episode was updated on July 27, 2022, to accurately characterize Dr. Charles Eastman’s academic milestone.

In 1890, Dr. Charles Eastman became one of the first Native people to graduate from medical school in the United States. Today, one of his descendants, Victor Lopez-Carmen, is a third-year student at Harvard Medical School. He described feeling isolated there.

“I did feel alone. There wasn't any Native person around me I could turn to,” said Lopez-Carmen.

Less than 1% of medical students in the United States identify as American Indian or Alaska Native. That’s according to a 2018 report from the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Association of American Indian Physicians. 

Lopez-Carmen is working to change that. In 2021, he co-founded the Ohiyesa Premedical Program, which provides mentorship and support to Native American students as they navigate the medical school application process.

While Lopez-Carmen is mentoring future medical students in Boston, in Oklahoma, Ashton Glover Gatewood has found community at the first medical school in the United States affiliated with a Native tribe. Gatewood attends Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation. 

“I told my husband about it, and he said, ‘That sounds like they're building you a medical school. You have to go,’" Gatewood said.  

She’s noticed a “momentum” in medical training that she said could one day lessen the health care disparities Indigenous people experience. 

Episode 9 explores the barriers Indigenous people face to becoming physicians and includes the stories of two medical students working to join the ranks of Indigenous health care workers in the U.S.  

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the Episode: 

• Victor Lopez-Carmen — Twitter — Student at Harvard Medical School
• Mary Owen – Director, Center of American Indian and Minority Health at the University of Minnesota; President, Association of American Indian Physicians
• Ashton Glover Gatewood — Twitter, Instagram — Student at Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

To hear all KHN podcasts, click here.

Listen and follow “American Diagnosis” on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google, or Stitcher.

How are guns transmitted from person-to-person? How do they make their way from legal sources into the hands of criminals, and how we can block that transmission? Guests: Sheriff Lonny Pulkrabek, Johnson County, Iowa; Daniel Webster, Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, and TEDMED 2014 speaker; Cassandra Crifasi, Assistant Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, and a law-abiding gun owner; Harold Pollack, Professor at the University of Chicago, and Co-Director of the Crime Lab and Health Lab. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #CeaseFire #CureViolence #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Gun violence isn’t random. Both guns and violence spread like infectious diseases through social networks—in the real world and online. Understanding how gun violence spreads can help us control the contagion. Guests: Gary Slutkin, Founder of Cure Violence, Professor of Epidemiology at the University of Illinois-Chicago, and TEDMED 2013 speaker; Andrew Papachristos, Professor of Sociology at Northwestern University; Desmond Patton, Associate Professor of Social Work at Columbia University; and Tomás Ortiz, former Latin Kings gang member and now violence interrupter in Chicago. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #CeaseFire #CureViolence #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Australia shares a similar history and culture to our own. But yet after the Port Arthur massacre in 1996, Australians came to see the need for gun regulation very differently. Australia’s newly elected conservative prime minister at the time passed sweeping gun reform. How did that real-world experiment play out? What happens when you reduce the number of guns in a country nationwide? Guests: Rebecca Peters, former Chair of the Australian National Coalition for Gun Control, and former Director of the International Action Network on Small Arms; Philip Alpers, Adjunct Associate Professor of Public Health at the University of Sydney; Emeritus Professor of Public Health at the University of Sydney; Andrew Leigh, Labor member of the Australian House of Representatives and former Professor of Economics at Australian National University; and Roland Browne, Vice President of Gun Control Australia. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #CeaseFire #CureViolence #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #PortArthur #Buyback #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

In the late 1950s, England and Wales switched from coal-based gas to natural gas in their ovens, which was a lot less toxic. Suicide rates dropped dramatically. This has a lot to teach us about gun violence. Instrumentality refers to how good a weapon is as an instrument of killing. Gas was cheap, available and lethal — as are guns in the U.S. today. So how can we reduce the instrumentality of a weapon? Guests: Ronald Clarke, Professor and former Dean of the School of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University; Franklin Zimring, Professor of Law at the University of California at Berkeley and author of The Great American Crime Decline; and Michael Anestis, Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Southern Mississippi and author of Guns and Suicide: An American Epidemic. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SylviaPlath #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

The majority of Americans with guns own them for self-defense. But how common is defensive gun use? And what do these self-defense incidents look like? Guests: David Hemenway, Professor of Health Policy and Director of the Harvard Injury Control Research Center, and the author of Private Guns, Public Health; Sara Solnick, Chair of Economics at the University of Vermont; Gary Kleck, Professor Emeritus of Criminology at Florida State University, and author of Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America; and Philip Cook, Professor Emeritus of Public Policy, Economics and Sociology at Duke University, and the author of The Gun Debate: What Everyone Needs to Know. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #GaryKleck #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Since the late 1990s, two economists have dueled over whether more guns lead to more or less crime. In this episode, you’ll hear from both and learn whose science prevails. Guests: John Donohue III, economist, Professor of Law at Stanford University, and research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research; and John Lott, economist, President of the Crime Prevention Research Center, FoxNews.com columnist, and author of More Guns, Less Crime. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #JohnLott #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

How do you walk that fine line of being black and carrying a gun? with law enforcement? and the public at large? Can it be done? Guests: Justin McFarlin, U.S. Army veteran, and founding member of Everytown USA’s Veterans Advisory Council; Maj Toure, Founder of Black Guns Matter; and Jennifer Carlson, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Arizona, and author of Citizen Protectors: The Everyday Politics of Guns in an Age of Decline. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

The Civil Rights Movement is famous for its nonviolent tactics, but was it really nonviolent? What role did guns play? Can you have a nonviolent movement and still be armed? Guests: Charles E. Cobb, journalist, author of “This Nonviolent Stuff’ll Get You Killed,” and former activist with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee; and Akinyele Umoja, Chair of the Department of African American Studies at Georgia State University, author of “We Will Shoot Back,” and founding member of the New Afrikan People’s Organization and the Malcolm X Grassroots Movement. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

The black tradition of gun ownership is as long as our nation's history. But Blacks' rights to carry guns have been challenged at every turn. What's that history? And how did it inform attitudes among Civil Rights leaders and beyond? Guests: Nicholas Johnson, Professor of Law, Fordham University; Lisa Lindquist-Dorr, Associate Professor and Associate Dean, Social Sciences, University of Alabama; Caroline Light, Senior Lecturer of Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, Harvard University. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

What does it mean to be a “good guy with a gun” versus a “bad guy with a gun,” and how can you tell them apart? Who are the “sheep,” the “sheepdogs,” and the “wolves”? What does it mean to be law-abiding or not? And how much is the desire to own a gun about self-defense versus identity? Guests: Alexandra Filindra, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Illinois, Chicago; Angela Stroud, Associate Professor, Sociology and Social Justice, Northland College; Mary Anne Franks, Professor of Law at the University of Miami. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #GoodGuyWithAGun #GoodGuy #Sheepdog #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

Abby Abinanti is chief judge of the Yurok Tribal Court and a member of the tribe. 

While previously working in the California court system, she was discouraged and angered by the number of cases in which Indigenous families were separated or tribal members were removed from their communities because of nontribal foster care placements or incarceration. The Prison Policy Initiative, a research and advocacy organization, found that Native people are overrepresented in jails in the United States.

Abinanti said the Yurok Tribal Court is helping to address these disparities. The court is one of roughly 400 operated by federally recognized tribes in the United States. These courts reflect the values of their communities, and Abinanti said for the Yurok that means prioritizing restoration over punishment.

“I don't think any human being is disposable,” she said. “Our system is designed to help you return to the community and be an asset in the community.” 

Episode 8 explores the intergenerational impact of historical traumas on the Yurok people and a local tribal court’s work to meet community needs.

Click here for a transcript of the episode.

Voices from the Episode: 

• Abby Abinanti –Chief judge, Yurok Tribal Court
• Ursula Running Bear  – Assistant professor of public health at the University of North Dakota
• Blythe George – Assistant professor of sociology at University of California-Merced

Season 4 of “American Diagnosis” is a co-production of KHN and Just Human Productions.

Our Editorial Advisory Board includes Jourdan Bennett-Begaye, Alastair Bitsóí, and Bryan Pollard.

To hear all KHN podcasts, click here.

Listen and follow “American Diagnosis” on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google, or Stitcher.

Happy New Year! Here’s a post-holiday bonus episode before we get back to our regularly scheduled programming next week. In December 2018, I gave a keynote address at the Institute for Health Improvement’s annual meeting in Orlando, Florida. I talked about the importance of storytelling in medicine… why health care providers need to share their personal stories and bear witness. Have a listen… and please tune in again later this week!

Many Americans hold dear the right to a gun for self-defense, and the passage of Stand-Your-Ground laws has expanded the right to use deadly force in self-defense in many states. But what happens when a woman uses SYG to protect herself from intimate partner violence? Guests: Caroline Light, Senior Lecturer of Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, Harvard University; Callie Adams, former Marine, survivor of intimate partner violence, and cleared of murdering her husband; Mary Anne Franks, Professor of Law at the University of Miami. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #StandYourGround #SYG #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH

There’s an important link between intimate partner violence (i.e. domestic violence) and gun violence. The majority of mass shootings occurs in the context of intimate partner violence. And women are most likely to be killed by an intimate partner — a husband, ex-husband, boyfriend or ex-boyfriend — than by anyone else. Guests: Jacquelyn Campbell, Professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing; Ruth Glenn, CEO of the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, and a survivor of both intimate partner violence and gun violence; April Zeoli, Associate Professor at Michigan State University School of Criminal Justice, and TEDMED 2018 speaker; and Michael Siegel, Professor at the Boston University School of Public Health. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH #TEDMED

Why are guns a symbol, for many, of masculinity? Are boys and men more violent? Or do they turn to violence and guns as tools in the absence of other alternatives to dealing with their problems? Guests: Niobe Way, Professor of Developmental Psychology at New York University, author of Deep Secrets: Boys' Friendships and The Crisis of Connection, and TEDMED 2018 speaker; Benjamin Sledge, former Army Special Operations Command and recipient of the Bronze Star, Purple Heart and two Army Commendation medals; and Jim Taylor, Professor of Sociology at Ohio University and an expert on gun subcultures and masculinity in America. | insicknessandinhealthpodcast.com | glow.fm/insicknessandinhealth | #EndGunViolence #GunViolence #GVP #GunSafety #MentalHealth #MentalIllness #Suicide #SuicidePrevention #MeansMatter #Instrumentality #SelfDefense #ERPO #ExtremeRiskProtectionOrder #RedFlag #GVPO #MassShooting #IntimatePartnerViolence #DomesticViolence #EveryTown #MomsDemandAction #MomsDemand #StudentsDemandAction #StudentsDemand #MarchForOurLives #BradyCampaign #FamilyFire #Giffords #BLM #BlackLivesMatter #ThisIsOurLane #EnoughIsEnough #NeverAgain #NationalEmergency #MedHum #MedHumChat #NarrativeMedicine #HealthHumanities #SocialMedicine #SocialJustice #SDoH #TEDMED