Explore every episode of the podcast ACCEL Lite: Featured ACCEL Interviews on Exciting CV Research

The detection of subclinical, or "silent," atrial fibrillation (AFib) has increased substantially with the widespread use of implantable devices (e.g., pacemakers, defibrillators) and consumer wearables such as smartwatches. A key clinical question is the threshold of cumulative AFib burden—such as duration identified on device interrogation—at which anticoagulation should be considered. Additionally, clinicians should consider when consumer wearable rhythm monitoring is appropriate, such as in patients with symptoms or elevated stroke risk. Best practices are needed to guide counseling and management of patients with subclinical AFib, including when to initiate stroke and systemic embolism prevention strategies. 

In this interview, W. Douglas Weaver MD, MACC and Deepak Bhakta, MD, MBA, FACC discuss managing subclinical AFib detected by devices, ambulatory monitors and wearables. 

Is tirzepatide associated with a broader reduction in cardiorenal adverse outcomes compared with dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD? The SURPASS-CVOT, the first cardiovascular outcomes trial using an active incretin-based comparator, previously demonstrated that tirzepatide was noninferior to dulaglutide for major adverse cardiovascular events, including CV death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. A current analysis expands these findings by examining a wider spectrum of adverse events to further characterize the comparative cardiorenal effects of tirzepatide. 

In this interview, Matthew Martinez, MD, FACC and Steven E. Nissen, MD, MACC examine the SURPASS-CVOT Randomized Clinical Trial. 

The Recover-Autonomic Trial evaluates the impact of ivabradine on orthostatic intolerance, quality of life, and heart rate in patients with post-COVID postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Recognizing that POTS disproportionately affects women, the study addresses a growing clinical need for targeted management strategies in this population. It examines ivabradine as part of a broader treatment approach that combines pharmacotherapy with lifestyle modifications, which together are associated with improved patient outcomes. The trial aims to inform more effective, evidence-based care for individuals experiencing persistent autonomic dysfunction following COVID-19. 

In this interview, Thomas F. Deering, MD, FACC and Pam Taub, MD, FACC discuss the Recover-Autonomic Trial. 

Prehospital heparin administration in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) offers a practical strategy to facilitate early restoration of blood flow in the infarct-related artery before hospital arrival. A key advantage of heparin over other agents studied for this purpose is its low cost, widespread availability, and well-established safety profile, making it highly accessible in diverse care settings. By initiating anticoagulation early, this approach aims to support reperfusion without introducing additional harm. Given these benefits, it has strong potential for translation into routine clinical practice, particularly in systems focused on rapid, prehospital STEMI care. 

In this interview, Kim Allan Williams Sr., MD, MACC and Misa Fister, MD, PhD examine 'Prehospital Heparin Administration In Patients With STEMI Undergoing Primary PCI'. 

Iron deficiency (ID) is highly prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF) and is independently associated with poorer functional status, higher hospitalization rates, and increased mortality. ID in HF is typically defined by abnormal iron indices—most commonly low ferritin and/or low transferrin saturation—and is distinct from anemia, as it may be present even when hemoglobin levels are normal. A growing body of randomized clinical trials demonstrates that treating ID, particularly with intravenous iron, improves symptoms, exercise capacity, and quality of life, with emerging evidence for reductions in HF hospitalizations. 

In this interview, Clyde W. Yancy MD, MACC and Robert J. Mentz, MD, FACC examine definitions and treatment of ID in HF.

There is increasing emphasis on shared decision-making when evaluating sports participation for competitive athletes with cardiovascular disease, reflecting a shift toward more individualized care. This approach recognizes that participation decisions should integrate clinical risk assessment with the athlete's values, goals, and informed preferences. Current guidelines aim to thoughtfully balance the potential cardiovascular risks of intense exercise with its well-established benefits for health, performance, and quality of life. 

 In this interview, Alison L. Bailey, MD, FACC and Aaron Baggish, MD, FACC examine the latest sports cardiology guidelines. 

In the CADENCE proof-of-concept study, sotatercept demonstrated meaningful improvements in pulmonary vascular and cardiac hemodynamics in patients with combined pre‑ and post‑capillary pulmonary hypertension due to HFpEF (CpcPH‑HFpEF). Investigators selected a pulmonary vascular resistance threshold of ≥4 Wood units to enrich patients with a significant pre‑capillary component, where targeting pulmonary vascular disease was most biologically relevant. Given that CpcPH‑HFpEF—including valvular‑associated HFpEF—is underdiagnosed, associated with worse prognosis, and has no approved therapies, these findings suggest potential broader applicability pending further study. 

In this interview, Clyde W. Yancy MD, MACC and Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, MD, MSc, FACC discuss the CADENCE Trial (Efficacy And Safety Of Sotatercept In Combined Post-and Pre-capillary Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction).

The ORBITA-CTO trial was a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded study that enrolled 50 patients with symptomatic single-vessel chronic total occlusion (CTO) and no bystander coronary disease. Participants were assigned to either CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or a placebo procedure. The results demonstrated that PCI with angioplasty and stenting led to greater improvement in angina symptoms compared with placebo. These findings provide strong evidence that CTO PCI can effectively reduce anginal pain and improve quality of life for patients with chronic total occlusions.  

In this interview, Allen J. Taylor, MD, FACC and John Davies, MBBS, PhD evaluate the ORBITA-CTO Trial. 

The American Heart Association–funded THRIVE Food is Medicine pilot trial demonstrated strong promise in addressing hypertension through produce prescriptions. Participants in the intervention arm with high adherence to the DASH diet experienced an average systolic blood pressure reduction of 13 mmHg, a clinically meaningful improvement. The program showed high acceptability and sustainability potential, with participants asking, "When does Phase 2 start?" By integrating produce prescriptions, personalized dietitian coaching, weekly adaptive messaging, and community resource navigation, THRIVE improved dietary quality, nutrition security, and blood pressure outcomes.

In this episode, Alison L. Bailey, MD, FACC and Bunmi Ogungbe, BSN, MPH, PhD discuss "THRIVE Food is Medicine Pilot Trial: Addressing Hypertension through Produce Prescriptions".

Inflammation has emerged as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis and clinical outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with growing evidence highlighting the prognostic relevance of residual inflammatory risk. Notably, residual inflammation measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) remains a strong predictor of recurrent cardiovascular events, supporting the case for more universal CRP screening. Despite advances such as interleukin‑6–targeted therapies, implementation remains limited, as clinicians are unlikely to treat what they do not routinely measure. Addressing current gaps in inflammatory risk assessment presents both a challenge and an opportunity to better personalize CVD prevention and treatment strategies. 

 In this interview, W. Douglas Weaver MD, MACC and Paul M. Ridker, MD, MPH, FACC discuss Inflammation in CVD: A 2025 ACC Scientific Statement.  

Should statin therapy be routinely initiated in middle‑aged adults with at least one atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor and LDL‑C levels above 100 mg/dL? Observational data consistently shows that lower LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels are associated with substantially reduced risks of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In the absence of randomized trial data in younger and middle-aged adults with low 10–30‑year risk, the role of additional risk stratification tools—such as hsCRP and coronary artery calcium scoring—becomes critical in guiding individualized decisions about when to begin lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy. 

In this interview, William E. Boden MD, FACC and Roger S. Blumenthal, MD, FACC discuss 'Lower LDL-C for Longer? Defining the Optimal Timing and Intensity of Rx'. 

The 2026 ACC/AHA Dyslipidemia Guidelines highlight that Lp(a) confers a graded ASCVD risk, with levels around 125 nmol/L (50 mg/dL) indicating meaningful risk and ~250 nmol/L (100 mg/dL) identifying a substantially higher‑risk phenotype. Coronary artery calcium scoring and hsCRP are recommended selectively to refine risk assessment when traditional estimates are uncertain. Importantly, harmonization with the ESC/EAS guidelines reinforces a unified approach to prevention. Overall, the message is to keep prevention simple — start with accurate risk assessment and prioritize blood pressure and lipid management, beginning with optimization of diet and physical activity. 

In this interview, Kim Allan Williams, Sr., MD, MACC and Roger S. Blumenthal, MD, FACC discuss key takeaways from the 2026 Dyslipidemia Guideline. 

ardiac and hepatic function are closely interconnected, with deterioration in one organ often accelerating disease progression in the other. Emerging evidence, including data suggesting semaglutide may slow or halt liver fibrosis progression, highlights the need to rethink how we manage patients with overlapping heart and liver disease. By examining the heart–liver axis, clinicians can gain insight into more integrated approaches to care and consider why this clinically important connection has only recently gained broader attention. 

In this interview, Richard A. Chazal MD, MACC and Vishal N. Rao, MD, MPH examine the interconnectedness of cardiovascular (CV) and hepatic risk. 

Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome encompasses a spectrum of interconnected cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic conditions that progress through defined stages. A five-stage CKM treatment framework emphasizes timely identification of risk factors, structured and personalized risk discussions, and early, interdisciplinary intervention. By targeting obesity, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, this approach supports comprehensive risk reduction and improved long-term cardiometabolic outcomes. 

In this interview, Alison L. Bailey, MD, FACC and  Chiadi E. Ndumele, MD, PhD discuss Addressing Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Health. 

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a devastating, progressive disease with high morbidity and mortality despite advances in targeted therapies. Sotatercept, the most recent addition to the PAH treatment landscape, has demonstrated robust efficacy across multiple phase 3 randomized clinical trials. The HYPERION trial expands the evidence base by showing a favorable benefit–risk profile for sotatercept when used early in the disease course. Pooled analyses across trials further suggest that sotatercept may have a meaningful impact on mortality in patients with PAH. 

In this interview, Mary Norine Walsh MD, MACC and Vallerie V. McLaughlin, MD, FACC discuss the phase 3 HYPERION trial.  

Caffeinated coffee may reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation through several proposed mechanisms, including improved autonomic balance, antioxidant effects, and enhanced vascular function. While observational data have hinted at these benefits, randomized trial evidence has been limited. Findings from the DECAF Trial further demonstrate that atrial fibrillation patients do not need to avoid caffeinated coffee—and that it may even help lower their risk of future episodes. 

 In this interview, Matthew W. Martinez MD, FACC and Gregory M. Marcus, MD, FACC discuss the 'Does Eliminating Coffee Avoid Fibrillation (DECAF)' Trial.  

The 2025 High Blood Pressure Guideline introduces key updates to the 2017 recommendations, reflecting the evolving understanding of hypertension and its long‑term impact on patient health. This update emphasizes evidence‑based strategies for diagnosis and management, highlighting the importance of standardized guidelines in improving outcomes. Key takeaways include refined treatment thresholds, enhanced risk‑stratification approaches, and clearer direction for individualized patient care. Looking ahead, the guideline underscores a forward‑thinking approach that integrates emerging research to support more proactive hypertension management. 

 In this interview, Clyde W. Yancy MD, MACC and Daniel W. Jones, MD discuss the 2025 AHA/ACC High Blood Pressure Guideline. 

Heart and kidney disease are closely linked, as individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events and heart failure. Because this cardiometabolic connection is so strong, identifying high‑risk individuals early is essential to preventing progression of both conditions. A holistic approach—including guideline‑directed therapies that target blood pressure, glucose, and inflammation—can simultaneously lower the risk of heart disease and slow kidney decline. Newer treatments now allow clinicians to address both organs together, improving long‑term health outcomes. 

In this interview, Allen J. Taylor, MD, FACC and Janani Rangaswami, MD examine "Cardiovascular-Kidney Therapies in CKD".  

The findings from the TUXEDO‑2 trial provide important clinical insights for managing high‑risk patients with diabetes and multivessel coronary disease undergoing stenting. By directly comparing ticagrelor and prasugrel within a dual antiplatelet therapy regimen, the trial helps clarify whether one agent offers superior protection in this complex population. These results may influence clinical decision‑making, particularly if meaningful differences in outcomes are demonstrated. 

In this interview, Sidney C. Smith Jr., MD, MACC and Sripal Bangalore, MD, MHA discuss the TUXEDO-2 Trial. 

The GOFRESH trial showed that providing DASH‑patterned groceries through a structured grocery‑ordering strategy meaningfully lowered systolic blood pressure and LDL cholesterol among Black families living in a Boston‑area food desert. These results highlight the powerful role of nutrition by showing that accessible, culturally relevant food‑as‑medicine strategies can deliver measurable cardiovascular benefits while helping reduce disparities and equipping patients with practical tools for healthier living. 

In this interview, Cindy L. Grines MD, FACC and Stephen Juraschek, MD, PhD discuss how findings from the GOFRESH trial may be used to improve hypertension management and overall patient care.  

1. Turkson-Ocran RN, Cluett JL, Fitzpatrick SL, et al. Rationale and Design of the Groceries for Black Residents of Boston to Stop Hypertension Among Adults Without Treated Hypertension (GoFresh) Trial. Am J Hypertens. 2023;36(5):256-263. doi:10.1093/ajh/hpad008 

1. Ferro KM, Seager R, McManus K, et al. Nutrition Intervention of Groceries for Black Residents of Boston to Stop Hypertension (GoFresh) Among Adults With or Without Treated Hypertension Trial: Rationale, Design, and Evidence to Promote Implementation. Preprint. Res Sq. 2025;rs.3.rs-6222158. Published 2025 Jul 7. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6222158/v1 

The OCEAN Trial found that rivaroxaban did not significantly reduce the incidence of stroke, systemic embolism, or new covert embolic events compared with aspirin in patients at high risk for stroke who had undergone catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AFib) at least one year earlier. The central question—whether patients with a successful AFib ablation can safely discontinue anticoagulation—remains unresolved. Overall, the trial reinforces the importance of individualized risk assessment rather than routine discontinuation of anticoagulation after ablation. 

In this interview, Thomas F. Deering MD, FACC and Atul Verma, MD FACC discuss the "OCEAN Trial: Antithrombotic Therapy after Successful Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation". 

What exactly is incidental coronary artery calcification, and what does it mean when artificial intelligence identifies these calcifications? Incidental coronary artery calcification refers to calcium deposits in the coronary arteries that are detected on imaging studies performed for unrelated reasons. AI now enables clinicians to repurpose routine clinical images to efficiently and scalably assess an individual's risk of atherosclerotic coronary disease. How best to translate these AI‑driven insights into meaningful changes in patient care, however, remains an important area for continued research and clinical guidance. 

In this interview, C. Noel Bairey Merz MD, MACC and Ramzi Dudum MD, FACC discuss the NOTIFY-PICTURE Trial: Effects of Real-Time Notification of AI-Detected Incidental Coronary Artery Calcium on Statin Prescription. 

The VESALIUS‑CV trial demonstrated that adding the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab to optimized lipid‑lowering therapy significantly reduced the risk of first major cardiovascular events by 25% in high‑risk adults without prior heart attack or stroke and cut the risk of first heart attack by 36%. These results confirm that intensive LDL‑C lowering with evolocumab provides meaningful primary‑prevention benefits in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes, achieving substantial event reduction over more than four years of follow‑up. 

In this interview, Nanette Kass Wenger MD, MACC and Erin A. Bohula, MD, FACC discuss the VESALIUS-CV Trial: Effect of Evolocumab in Patients at CV Risk without Prior MI or Stroke. 

Is the evidence convincing that intensive antihypertensive therapy protects brain function and helps prevent dementia? Research increasingly shows that high mid‑life blood pressure is a strong predictor of later cognitive decline. Emerging data further indicate that intensive blood‑pressure lowering can reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia while remaining safe for many older adults. 

In this interview, Glenn A. Hirsch MD, MHS, FACC and Paul K Whelton, MB, MD, MSc discuss "Hypertension Treatment Trials in the Elderly for Brain Health". 

In patients with Type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), tirzepatide was non‑inferior to dulaglutide for major cardiovascular events while providing superior kidney protection, lower all‑cause mortality, and greater reductions in HbA1c and body weight. Compared with dulaglutide, a GLP‑1 receptor agonist, tirzepatide demonstrated broader metabolic and clinical benefits. By using dulaglutide as the active comparator rather than a placebo, the trial demonstrated tirzepatide's strong cardiovascular and metabolic profile, supporting its potential for broader use beyond diabetes management. 

In this interview, Dipti Itchhaporia MD, MACC and Stephen Nicholls, MBBS, PhD, FACC discuss the SURPASS-CVOT Trial (Effect of Tirzepatide Versus Dulaglutide on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events).   

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring provides important prognostic value, particularly for individuals at intermediate risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) or those with a family history of the condition. Incorporating computed tomography calcium scoring into a structured disease‑management program may help prevent the progression of coronary plaque, although this strategy has not yet been evaluated in a randomized trial. 

In this interview, Allen J. Taylor, MD, FACC and Dr Nitesh Nerlekar, MBBS, PHD discuss the CAUGHT-CAD Randomized Trial: Effects of Combining Coronary Calcium Score with Treatment on Plaque Progression in Familial CAD". 

AI technology transforms routine chest computed tomography (CT) scans by precisely quantifying—rather than simply detecting—key cardiovascular imaging risk factors such as heart calcification, aorta calcification, and fat around the heart. By shifting from binary "yes or no" findings to actual measurement, clinicians can more accurately identify high‑risk patients and intervene earlier to help prevent heart attacks and strokes. Patients with these imaging risk factors who were already using preventive therapies like statins and aspirin showed lower cardiovascular risk, suggesting the need for larger longitudinal studies to clarify how quantified imaging markers interact with these medications over time. 

In this interview, Deepak L. Bhatt MD, FACC and Tzung-Dau Wang, MD, PhD discuss "AI-Enabled Nationwide Opportunistic Screening of Non-Contrast Chest CT for Death and CV Outcomes". 

Ascending aortopathy (AA) is typically asymptomatic and often diagnosed incidentally, with surgical aortic replacement recommended once aneurysmal thresholds are reached. Emerging evidence suggests that indexing aortic size to patient height may more accurately identify individuals who could benefit from earlier intervention. For AA patients who do not currently meet guideline-based criteria for surgery, the aim is to assess how height-indexed aortic measurements influence longer‑term clinical outcomes in this population. 

In this interview, Glenn A. Hirsch MD, MHS, FACC and Milind Y. Desai, MD, MBA, FACC discuss "Should There Be a Reappraisal of Surgical Threshold in Patients with Ascending Aortic Dilation?". 

In this interview, C. Noel Bairey Merz MD, MACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Preventive Cardiology Takeaways from 2025 including trials clopidogrel versus aspirin, the benefit of vaccines, statin use in pregnancy, and more. 

Suggested Materials:  

1. Valgimigli M, Choi KH, Giacoppo D, et al. Clopidogrel versus aspirin for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet. 2025;406(10508):1091-1102. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01562-4 

1. O'Leary K. Influenza vaccination benefits patients with heart failure. Nature Medicine. 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41591-025-00058-0 

1. Christensen JJ, Holven KB, Bogsrud MP, et al. Statin use in pregnancy and risk of congenital malformations: a Norwegian nationwide study. Eur Heart J. Published online August 21, 2025. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf592 

1. Mozaffarian D, Agarwal M, Aggarwal M, et al. Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: A joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025;33(8):1475-1503. doi:10.1002/oby.24336 

1. Brett AS. New Variations on GLP-1–Receptor Agonists are Coming (NEJM/Clinician website). 2025. Available at: https://clinician.nejm.org/new-variations-glp-1receptor-agonists-coming-nejm-jw.NA58926. Accessed 12/17/25. 

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In this interview, DJ Lakkireddy, MBBS, FACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Electrophysiology Takeaways from 2025 including trials CLOSURE-AF, ALONE-AF, NEMESIS-PFA, and more. 

 Suggested Materials: 

1. Verma A, Birnie DH, Jiang C, et al. Antithrombotic Therapy after Successful Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. Published online November 8, 2025. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2509688   

2. Landmesser U, Skurk C, Kirchhof P, et al. Catheter-based left atrial appendage CLOSURE in patients with atrial fibrillation at high risk of stroke and bleeding as compared to best medical therapy: Rationale and design of the prospective randomized CLOSURE-AF trial. Am Heart J. Published online September 12, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2025.09.005  

3. Kim D, Shim J, Choi EK, et al. Long-Term Anticoagulation Discontinuation After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: The ALONE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025;334(14):1246-1254. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.14679   

4. Lakkireddy D, Katapadi A, Garg J, et al. NEMESIS-PFA: Investigating Collateral Tissue Injury Associated With Pulsed Field Ablation. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2025;11(8):1747-1756. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2025.04.017   

5. Wazni OM, Saliba WI, Nair DG, et al. Left Atrial Appendage Closure after Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(13):1277-1287. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2408308 

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Multimodality imaging plays a pivotal role in evaluating inflammatory cardiomyopathy, particularly when cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is suspected. Symptoms of CS include unexplained high-grade AV block, ventricular arrhythmias, reduced left ventricular function, or regional wall thinning without coronary disease. The best evaluation combines cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for structural and scar assessment with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) for detecting active inflammation and extracardiac involvement. 

In this interview, Michelle Kittleson MD, FACC and Ron Blankstein, MD, FACC discuss "Multimodality Imaging in Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy." 

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In this interview, Allen J. Taylor, MD, FACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Clinical Cardiology Takeaways from 2025 including trials SCOT-HEART 2, ALONE-AF, Launch-HTN, and more. 

Suggested Materials: 

1. Kim D, Shim J, Choi EK, et al. Long-Term Anticoagulation Discontinuation After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: The ALONE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025;334(14):1246-1254. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.14679  

2. Lemesle G, Didier R, Steg PG, et al. Aspirin in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Receiving Oral Anticoagulation. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(16):1578-1588. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2507532  

3. Packer M, Zile MR, Kramer CM, et al. Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(5):427-437. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2410027  

4. Flack JM, Azizi M, Brown JM, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Baxdrostat in Uncontrolled and Resistant Hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(14):1363-1374. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2507109  

5. Saxena M, Laffin L, Borghi C, et al. Lorundrostat in Participants With Uncontrolled Hypertension and Treatment-Resistant Hypertension: The Launch-HTN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025;334(5):409-418. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.9413  

6. McDermott M, Khaing PH, Meah MN, et al. CT Angiography, Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors, and Preventive Therapy: A Nested Substudy of the SCOT-HEART 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2025;10(8):841-850. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2025.1763 

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In this interview, Deepak Bhatt, MD, MPH, FACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Interventional Cardiology Takeaways from 2025 including DanGer Shock trial, revascularization in STEMI, aspirin withdrawal after PCI, and more. 

Suggested Materials: 

1. Møller JE, Beske RP, Engstrøm T, et al. Long-Term Outcomes of the DanGer Shock Trial. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(10):1037-1038. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2508284     

2. Ueyama HA, Akita K, Kiyohara Y, et al. Optimal Strategy for Complete Revascularization in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: A Network Meta-Analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2025;85(1):19-38. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.09.1231    

3. Généreux P, Schwartz A, Oldemeyer JB, et al. Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement for Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(3):217-227. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2405880     

4. Guimarães PO, Franken M, Tavares CAM, et al. Early Withdrawal of Aspirin after PCI in Acute Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med. Published online August 31, 2025. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2507980    5. Valgimigli M, Choi KH, Giacoppo D, et al. Clopidogrel versus aspirin for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet. 2025;406(10508):1091-1102. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01562-4 

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he PANTHER study indicates that clopidogrel provides superior protection against major cardiovascular events compared to aspirin in patients with coronary artery disease, without increasing bleeding risk. This supports its use in individuals at higher risk of gastrointestinal complications, reinforcing current clinical preferences. Overall, these results could inform long-term treatment strategies and improve outcomes for millions of patients worldwide. 

In this interview, Alison L. Bailey, MD, FACC and Prof. Marco Valgimigli discuss "PANTHER-P2Y12 Inhibitor or Aspirin moNoTHERapy as Secondary Prevention in Patients with CAD". 

Suggested Materials: 

1. Giacoppo D, Gragnano F, Watanabe H, et al. P2Y12 inhibitor or aspirin after percutaneous coronary intervention: individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ. 2025;389:e082561. Published 2025 Jun 4. doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-082561 

2. Valgimigli M, Hong SJ, Gragnano F, et al. De-escalation to ticagrelor monotherapy versus 12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with and without acute coronary syndromes: a systematic review and individual patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2024;404(10456):937-948. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01616-7 

3. P2Y(12) Inhibitor or Aspirin Monotherapy for Secondary Prevention of Coronary Events. Gragnano F, Cao D, Pirondini L, Franzone A, Kim HS, von Scheidt M, Pettersen AR, Zhao Q, Woodward M, Chiarito M, McFadden EP, Park KW, Kastrati A, Seljeflot I, Zhu Y, Windecker S, Kang J, Schunkert H, Arnesen H, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Calabrò P, Pocock S, Mehran R, Valgimigli M; PANTHER Collaboration. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;82(2):89-105. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.051 

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In this interview, Clyde Yancy MD, MSc, MACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Heart Failure Takeaways from 2025 including trials SUMMIT and BaxHTN, the ACC/AHA Blood Pressure Guidelines, and more. 

Suggested Materials: 

1. Jones DW, Ferdinand KC, Taler SJ, et al. 2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2025;86(18):1567-1678. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.05.007   

2. Khan SS, Coresh J, Pencina MJ, et al. Novel Prediction Equations for Absolute Risk Assessment of Total Cardiovascular Disease Incorporating Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023;148(24):1982-2004. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001191   

3. Yancy CW. Heart Failure: A Century View, From Failure to Function. Circulation. 2025;151(9):585-588. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.072249   

4. Packer M, Zile MR, Kramer CM, et al. Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(5):427-437. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2410027   

5. Flack JM, Azizi M, Brown JM, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Baxdrostat in Uncontrolled and Resistant Hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(14):1363-1374. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2507109 

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In this interview, Amit R. Patel, MD, FACC and Alison L. Bailey, MD FACC, discuss the Top Cardiovascular Imaging Takeaways from 2025 including myocardial fibroblast activation, photon-counting detector CT, the newly published ACC/AHA CT Advanced Training Statement, and more. 

Suggested Materials: 

1. Nijveldt R, Maeng M, Beijnink CWH, et al. Immediate or Deferred Nonculprit-Lesion PCI in Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. Published online October 28, 2025. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2512918     

2. Barton AK, Craig NJ, Loganath K, et al. Myocardial Fibroblast Activation After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2025;85(6):578-591. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.10.103    

3. Sakai K, Shin D, Singh M, et al. Diagnostic Performance and Clinical Impact of Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography in Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2025;85(4):339-348. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.10.069  

4. Baldassarre LA, Mendes LA, Blankstein R, et al. 2025 ACC/AHA/ASE/ASNC/SCCT/SCMR Advanced Training Statement on Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging: A Report of the ACC Competency Management Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published online November 18, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.07.036  

5. Sahashi Y, Ieki H, Yuan V, et al. Artificial Intelligence Automation of Echocardiographic Measurements. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2025;86(13):964-978. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.07.053 

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Inflammation is a key contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), influencing both its onset and progression. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serves as a reliable biomarker for detecting systemic inflammation and assessing cardiovascular risk. Recognizing the role of inflammation helps refine risk stratification and guide preventive strategies in the general population. 

In this interview, Nanette Kass Wenger MD, MACC and Prof. Dr. Florian Kahles, MD discuss "C-Reactive Protein and CV Risk in the General Population". 

 SUGGESTED MATERIALS: 

1. Amezcua-Castillo E, González-Pacheco H, Sáenz-San Martín A, et al. C-Reactive Protein: The Quintessential Marker of Systemic Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease-Advancing toward Precision Medicine. Biomedicines. 2023;11(9):2444. Published 2023 Sep 2. doi:10.3390/biomedicines11092444  

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The ALONE-AF study examined outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who remained free of recurrence following catheter ablation. Researchers found that discontinuing oral anticoagulation (OAC) was associated with a lower risk of stroke, systemic embolism, or major bleeding compared to continued OAC. These findings, presented at the ESC Congress 2025, suggest that stopping OAC may offer a safer long-term strategy for select post-ablation AF patients. This could mark a meaningful shift in how clinicians approach anticoagulation management in this population. 

In this interview, Dhanunjaya "DJ" Lakkireddy MBBS, FACC and Boyoung Joung, MD, PhD discuss "ALONE-AF: Discontinuing Long-Term Oral Anticoagulation After Successful AFib Ablation". 

SUGGESTED MATERIALS: 

1. New data on oral anticoagulation after successful ablation of atrial fibrillation (escardio.org website). 2025. Available at: https://www.escardio.org/The-ESC/Press-Office/Press-releases/New-data-on-oral-anticoagulation-after-successful-ablation-of-atrial-fibrillation#. Accessed 11/9/25.  

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Imaging is a powerful tool in managing obesity, helping clinicians visualize fat distribution and detect complications like fatty liver disease or heart issues. Advanced techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans guide personalized treatment plans and monitor progress over time. Despite challenges with equipment limitations, innovations like artificial intelligence and specialized scanners are making imaging more accessible and accurate for patients with obesity. 

In this interview, W. Douglas Weaver MD, MACC and Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, MD, FACC discuss "How Does Imaging Guide Management in Patients with Obesity?" 

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In the TACSI trial, researchers evaluated ticagrelor plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in about 2,200 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). At 12 months, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) did not reduce major adverse cardiac events compared to aspirin alone. However, it was associated with a higher risk of major bleeding. These findings do not support routine DAPT use post-CABG in ACS patients, though longer-term follow-up is still needed. 

 In this interview, Drs. Steven E. Nissen and Anders Jeppsson discuss "TACSI Trial: Dual or Single Antiplatelet Therapy After CABG in Patients With ACS". 

 SUGGESTED MATERIALS: 

1. Jeppsson A, James S, Moller CH, et al. Ticagrelor and Aspirin or Aspirin Alone after Coronary Surgery for Acute Coronary Syndrome. N Engl J Med. Published online September 1, 2025. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2508026  

1. TACSI: Dual or single antiplatelet therapy after CABG in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Reported from ESC Congress 2025 (PCRonline website). 2025. Available at: https://www.pcronline.com/News/Whats-new-on-PCRonline/2025/ESC/TACSI-Dual-or-single-antiplatelet-therapy-after-CABG-in-patients-with-acute-coronary-syndrome. Accessed 10/31/25. 

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Current clinical challenges in lipid control include achieving and maintaining target LDL-cholesterol levels in patients at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, especially those who do not respond adequately to standard therapies. The VICTORION-Difference trial demonstrated that an inclisiran-based treatment strategy significantly outperformed usual care in helping patients reach early and sustained LDL-C goals. This approach also resulted in fewer muscle-related side effects, a common barrier to adherence. Inclisiran offers a convenient, effective, and well-tolerated option for improving lipid management in these patients. 

In this interview, Drs. Kim A. Williams and Ulf Landmesser discuss "VICTORION-Difference: Inclisiran-Based Strategy vs. Standard of Care." 

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What if your genes could predict a life-threatening condition before symptoms ever appear? Explore how medical science uncovered the genetic roots of thoracic aortic aneurysm—and why that discovery changed everything. From famous historical figures to modern patients, the implications are profound: understanding the exact genetic mutation can guide treatment and safeguard entire families.  

In this interview, Drs. Jeroen J. Bax and John A. Elefteriades discuss "Aortopathies: What A Cardiologist Needs to Know". 

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Can a newer, more targeted pacing method revolutionize heart failure treatment? The PhysioSync-HF trial investigates conduction system pacing as a potentially more effective and affordable alternative to traditional cardiac resynchronization therapy. Explore the surprising differences between this study and prior research and hear firsthand what it was like to lead a nationwide, publicly funded clinical trial across Brazil. This episode dives deep into innovation, equity, and the future of heart care. 

In this interview, Drs. Joseph Marine and André Zimerman discuss "PhysioSync-HF: Conduction System vs. Biventricular Pacing in Cardiac Resynchronization in HFrEF". 

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The DAPT SHOCK AMI trial is the first major study to evaluate antiplatelet therapy specifically in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It compares initial treatment strategies using cangrelor versus crushed ticagrelor. Early and potent platelet inhibition is critical for restoring microvascular reperfusion in this high-risk population. Previous randomized trials have excluded these patients, leaving a gap in evidence for optimal antiplatelet management in AMI-CS. 

In this interview, Drs. Dipti Itchhaporia and Zuzana Motovska discuss "DAPT-SHOCK-AMI Trial: Cangrelor in Cardiogenic Shock". 

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The ODYSSEY-HCM trial found that mavacamten did not significantly improve exercise capacity or patient-reported outcomes in individuals with symptomatic nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Safety concerns emerged, including more frequent reductions in ejection fraction and treatment interruptions among those receiving mavacamten. The trial's limited diversity and short duration raise questions about the generalizability and long-term implications of the findings. Despite the lack of approved therapies for this patient group, the study underscores the complexity of using surrogate endpoints and the need for deeper exploration into disease mechanisms and treatment response. 

In this interview, Matthew Martinez MD, FACC and Milind Y. Desai, MD, MBA, FACC discuss "ODYSSEY-HCM: Mavacamten in nHCM." 

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The DAN-RSV trial is one of the largest individually randomized studies ever conducted, enrolling over 131,000 participants aged 60 and older to evaluate the effectiveness of the RSVpreF vaccine. Using a pragmatic design with electronic consent and national health registry data, the trial successfully met its primary objective of reducing RSV-related respiratory tract disease hospitalizations. It also achieved all key secondary endpoints, showing favorable outcomes for RSV-related and all-cause respiratory and cardiorespiratory hospitalizations. These results demonstrate the vaccine's potential to significantly impact public health and inform future RSV vaccine policy.

In this interview, Drs. Richard A. Chazal and Tor Biering-Sørensen discuss "DAN-RSV: RSVpreF Vaccine for Preventing Cardiorespiratory Hospitalizations." 

 Suggested Materials:  

1. Tor Biering-Sørensen (2025). Vaccine Effectiveness of a Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Protein-Based Vaccine for Preventing RSV Hospitalizations in Older Adults (DAN-RSV) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06684743). Retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06684743.  

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Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), affecting up to 20% of pregnancies, serve as early indicators of a woman's future cardiovascular risk and should be treated as critical markers in preventive care. Pregnancy offers a unique opportunity—a "window"—to identify and address cardiovascular vulnerabilities, making routine screening for heart health essential at every clinical encounter. Long-term monitoring beyond the postpartum period is vital, as cardiovascular risks persist and evolve over time. Improving women's heart health requires a collaborative, lifelong approach across specialties, integrating cardiology with obstetrics and primary care. This comprehensive strategy ensures that prevention remains central during and after reproduction. 

In this interview, Drs. Alison L. Bailey, MD, FACC and Ijeoma Isiadinso, MD, FACC discuss "The Role of Prevention During & After Reproduction". 

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Cohort studies have provided robust data on cardiovascular risk factors, forming the basis for predictive models like the Pooled Cohort Equations and PREVENT. Clinical trials confirm that treating these risk factors effectively reduces cardiovascular events. Over the past 50 years, age-adjusted mortality from acute myocardial infarction has dropped by 89%, reflecting major progress. To advance further, we must consider integrating imaging to identify those at highest risk, using risk factors to guide treatment decisions. This dual approach could enhance precision and improve outcomes in cardiovascular prevention. 

 In this interview, Drs. Alison L. Bailey and David J. Maron discuss "The Role of Imaging in Cardiovascular Prevention". 

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The menopause transition marks a pivotal period of cardiometabolic change that significantly elevates cardiovascular (CV) risk in women. Despite its clinical importance, this phase remains underrecognized in CV risk assessment, contributing to a profound knowledge gap. Enhancing clinician education and fostering multidisciplinary collaboration are essential to delivering individualized care that addresses both symptom burden and long-term CV outcomes. By prioritizing this life stage, we can improve prevention strategies and reduce the overall burden of cardiovascular disease in women. 

In this interview, Drs. Alison L. Bailey and Lily Dastmalchi discuss "Improving Cardiovascular Clinical Competencies for Menopausal Transition". 

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The 2025 ACC/AHA Acute Coronary Syndrome guideline is the first major update since 2013, incorporating a decade of new evidence and clinical insights. The writing committee stayed on track and on time, reaching consensus on key recommendations, including checklist-based Class I and II interventions before discharge. They thoughtfully addressed legacy practices and controversial studies to ensure clarity and relevance. While some emerging data didn't meet the threshold for formal inclusion, areas like discharge antiplatelet therapy, coronary imaging, and mechanical support devices were flagged as important for clinicians to monitor. The result is a practical, evidence-based tool to guide bedside decision-making. 

In this interview, Drs. Roxana Mehran and Sunil V. Rao take listeners "Behind the 2025 Acute Coronary Syndrome Guidelines." 

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