Reviewer 2 does geoengineering – Details, episodes & analysis

Would a whiter sky be noticeable, under SAI geoengineering? Ansar Lemon discusses what humans and animals could see. Paper: Under a not so white sky: visual impacts of stratospheric aerosol injection - Ansar Lemon et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 024060 DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/ada2ae A link to his music is here https://youtu.be/EpQ7rnQTDDU?si=ubVwa7p45uZ9mw_q

Are you allowed to throw alkaline minerals into the sea? Ashwin Murthy explains how to do Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, without ending up in jail. Ashwin Murthy, Korey Silverman-Roati & Romany M. Webb, State Authority to Regulate Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia Law School, December 2024 (2024). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/sabin_climate_change/237

In this spooky Halloween episode, @geoengineering1 and Ken Buesseler investigate alleged sightings of Ocean Iron Fertilisation - which is rumoured to have risen from its unquiet grave. Paper: Next steps for assessing ocean iron fertilization for marine carbon dioxide removal. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/climate/articles/10.3389/fclim.2024.1430957

Wake Smith explains two recent papers on aviation to @geoengineering1. The first deals with low altitude (13kms) polar deployment, using existing aircraft concepts. The second deals with deployment at 25kms, which adds cost and complexity over the usual 20kms injection patterns in the literature. Links https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1663044/v1 and https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2515-7620/ac4f5d

It's all about fracking! Sasha Wilson explains carbon negative oil to the covid-zombie formerly known as @geoengineering1. Paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883292722001494 Unlocking the potential of hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water for CO2 removal via mineral carbonation Bizhou Zhu, Siobhan A. Wilson, Nina Zeyen, Maija J. Raudsepp, Ashkan Zolfaghari, Baolin Wang, Ben J. Rostron, Katherine N. Snihur, Konstantinvon Gunten, Anna L. Harrison, Daniel S. Alessi

Ilaria Quaglia explains what's potentially the most important SRM paper in over 10 years to @geoengineering1 Paper: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/5757/2022/ An approach to sulfate geoengineering with surface emissions of carbonyl sulfide Ilaria Quaglia, Daniele Visioni, Giovanni Pitari, and Ben Kravitz

Michael Diamond gives a very one-sided interview with a muted @geoengineering1, explaining when we should stop researching MCB. Paper: To assess marine cloud brightening's technical feasibility, we need to know what to study—and when to stop https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2118379119

Chad M. Baum discusses his expert elicitation work on space mirrors. (Reading list / glossary below paper link) Paper: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Volume 158, April 2022, 112179 Between the sun and us: Expert perceptions on the innovation, policy, and deep uncertainties of space-based solar geoengineering Authors: Chad M.Baum, Sean Low; Benjamin K.Sovacool. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112179. Acronyms CDR Carbon Dioxide Removal GEO Geosynchronous Orbit GENIE (project) GeoEngineering and Negative Emissions Pathways in Europe IPSS Inter Planetary Sun Shade ISS International Space Station LEO Low-Earth Orbit NETs Negative Emissions Technologies RSER (journal) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (since I messed it up initially) SAI Stratospheric Aerosol Injection SEL Sun-Earth Lagrange point SRM Solar Radiation Management Other peer-reviewed articles from the GENIE project: Low, S., Baum, C.M., & Sovacool, B.K. (2022). Rethinking Net-Zero systems, spaces, and societies: “Hard” versus “soft” alternatives for nature-based and engineered carbon removal. Global Environmental Change, 75, 102530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102530 Low, S., Baum, C. M., & Sovacool, B. K. (2022). Taking it outside: Exploring social opposition to 21 early-stage experiments in radical climate interventions. Energy Research & Social Science, 90, 102594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102594 Sovacool, B.K., Baum, C.M., & Low, S. (2022). Risk-risk governance in a low-carbon future: Exploring institutional, technological, and behavioral tradeoffs in climate geoengineering pathways. Risk Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13932 Solar sails: Matloff, G., Bangs, C., & Johnson, L. (2014). Harvesting Space for a Greener Earth. Springer: Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9426-3 Roy, K I. (2001). “Solar Sails: An Answer to Global Warming?” presented at STAIF 2001 Albuquerque, NM, February 11-14. Available at: http://www.ultimax.com/whitepapers/2001_3a.html. On some of the more interesting proposals, these are relevant: Kennedy, R. G., Roy, K. I., & Fields, D. E. (2013). Dyson Dots: Changing the solar constant to a variable with photovoltaic lightsails. Acta Astronautica, 82(2), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2012.10.022 Angel, R. (2006). Feasibility of cooling the Earth with a cloud of small spacecraft near the inner Lagrange point (L1), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 17184-9. IRS and Airbus (2020). International Planetary Sun Shield (IPSS) - Gigasails in Space. IPSS High-level Concept. The Institute of Space Systems (IRS) and Airbus Defence & Space: Bremen, Germany And concerning modelling studies, here are the two I specified: Lunt, D. J., Ridgwell, A., Valdes, P. J., & Seale, A. (2008). “Sunshade World”: A fully coupled GCM evaluation of the climatic impacts of geoengineering. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(12), L12710. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033674 Sánchez, J.-P., & McInnes, C.R. (2015). Optimal Sunshade Configurations for Space-Based Geoengineering near the Sun-Earth L1 Point, PLoS One, 10(8), e0136648. Various SciFi ones: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250264930/sweepofstars https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13651.The_Dispossessed (and what failed me in the moment, was The Hainish Cycle, as the name for the whole series) https://www.kimstanleyrobinson.info/content/mars-trilogy https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/414999.Childhood_s_End

Will Grant explores moral hazard, and capital & cultural lock in. Hosted by Aryan Gupta https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/14614529211069839 What do we mean when we talk about the moral hazard of geoengineering? Katelyn Tsipiras, Will J. Grant

Simone Tilmes discusses ozone changes in the geoengineering model Intercomparison project (GeoMIP) with @geoengineering1. Paper: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/4557/2022/ Stratospheric ozone response to sulfate aerosol and solar dimming climate interventions based on the G6 Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) simulations Simone Tilmes, Daniele Visioni, Andy Jones, James Haywood, Roland Séférian, Pierre Nabat, Olivier Boucher, Ewa Monica Bednarz, and Ulrike Niemeier