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Thanks to Pili Hunters for sponsoring! Get 20% off pili nuts with my code RAGUSEA: https://eatpilinuts.com/discount/Ragusea Thanks to LMNT for sponsoring! Get a free sample pack with any purchase: https://drinklmnt.com/adam "Smashing the Liquor Machine: A Global History of Prohibition," Mark Lawrence Schrad, 2021: https://bookshop.org/p/books/smashing-the-liquor-machine-a-global-history-of-prohibition-mark-lawrence-schrad/18799413

Thanks to Masterworks for sponsoring! Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://www.masterworks.art/ragusea Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: https://www.masterworks.com/cd 2023 study indicating moderate drinking reduces stress-related brain activity: https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.015 2020 literature review on ethanol metabolism: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720300797 2020 study indicating galanin gene allele may predispose European people to alcoholism and anxiety: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-020-0707-7 2011 study showing the same allele may predispose European people to alcoholism, anxiety, depression, obesity: https://www.nature.com/articles/npp201193 2013 literature review on the role of genetics in alcoholism: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056340/ 2017 literature review on the role of genetics in alcoholism: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310276/ 2011 Czech study on the genetics of alcoholism among Slavic people: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310276/ 2010 Chinese study linking the emergence of Asian alcohol metabolism genes and rice cultivation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2823730/

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Thanks to LMNT for sponsoring! Get a free sample pack with any purchase: https://DrinkLMNT.com/Adam Thanks to Magic Spoon for sponsoring! Get $5 off your custom variety box with my code RAGUSEA: https://magicspoon.com/RAGUSEA A 2021 literature review on incretin mimetics (like Ozempic) and their efficacy for weight loss: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7910956/ A more approachable summary of the research from Harvard School of Public Health: https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/the-new-diabetes-drugs-your-best-shot-for-weight-loss

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Thanks to Manscaped for sponsoring! Get 20% Off and free shipping with the code RAGUSEA at https://manscaped.com Thanks to Indeed for sponsoring! Start hiring now at https://indeed.com/ragusea Thanks to the Penn State Food Science Club for inviting me to speak! https://agsci.psu.edu/students/clubs/food-science

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Thanks to LMNT for sponsoring! Get a free sample pack with any purchase: https://DrinkLMNT.com/Adam Thanks to Indeed for sponsoring! Start hiring now and only pay for quality applications that match your must-have job requirements: https://indeed.com/ragusea 2017 literature review on the effects of music on retail consumer behavior: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0969698916306221

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Thanks to LMNT for sponsoring! Get a free sample pack with any purchase: https://DrinkLMNT.com/Adam Thanks to Trade Coffee for sponsoring! Trade is offering you a free bag of coffee with any subscription: https://drinktrade.com/adamshow 00:00 Why do recipes say "salt to taste"? 28:34 Is enabled cast iron worth the cost? 44:24 Why don't you use avocados?

Thanks to Masterworks for sponsoring! Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/ragusea Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd Thanks to Indeed for sponsoring! Start hiring now and only pay for quality applications that match your must-have job requirements: https://indeed.com/ragusea Terms and conditions apply. Cost per application pricing not available for everyone. Need to hire? You need Indeed. ***SOURCES*** Pew survey showing lots of secular Muslims in former Soviet states. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2013/04/30/the-worlds-muslims-religion-politics-society-overview/ Pew survey showing most U.S. Muslims fast for Ramadan: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/05/15/most-u-s-muslims-observe-ramadan-by-fasting-during-daylight-hours/ 2021 literature review on Ramadan vs non-Ramadan fasting and weight loss: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2020.625240/full On the good and bad things that Lachnospiraceae may do to our health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232163/ 2021 paper on Ramadan fasting and gut microbiome: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522007079?via%3Dihub Scholarly comment on the microbiome study I mentioned: https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/113/5/1075/6169152 2015 review comparing different fasting schedules: https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article/73/10/661/1849182 2022 paper on how fasting lowers blood pressure: https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpregu.00283.2021 2022 literature review on fasting and metal health: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/dm/2022/5653739/ 2018 study showing fasting helps regenerate intestinal stem cells: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1934590918301632

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Thanks to Masterworks for sponsoring! Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/ragusea Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd The new meta-analysis on gas stoves and asthma that everyone is talking about: https://junkscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ijerph-20-00075.pdf

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Thanks to Masterworks for sponsoring! Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/ragusea Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd Thanks to Ben Harrison and Adam Pranica for recapping The Godfather with me. They recap old Star Trek shows on their podcast The Greatest Generation: https://maximumfun.org/podcasts/greatest-generation/ They recap new Star Trek shows on their podcast The Greatest Trek: https://maximumfun.org/podcasts/greatest-trek/

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Thanks so MyHeritage for sponsoring this episode! Click here https://bit.ly/AdamRagusea_MH and sign up for a 14-day free trial and enjoy all the amazing features MyHeritage has to offer. If you decide to continue your subscription, you’ll get a 50% discount. The whole episode is about lactose intolerance / lactase persistence, so no chapters! Buy the Adam Ragusea chef knife here if you want one: https://www.adamragusea.com/store/ragusea-chef-knife

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Thanks to Harry's for sponsoring this episode! Get your Harry’s Starter Set today and you’ll also get a free travel-sized body wash: https://harrys.com/RAGUSEA Thanks to Masterworks for sponsoring this episode! Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/ragusea Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd 00:24 - Is it bad to stare at your phone while eating? 18:14 - Thoughts on protests in Iran?

Thanks to Indeed for sponsoring this episode! Start hiring now with a $75 sponsored job credit to sponsor your job post at https://indeed.com/ragusea | Offer good for a limited time. As of this upload, there are some Adam Ragusea chef knives for sale: https://adamragusea.com 00:18 - Why is European butter so much better than American butter? 31:47 - Is sourdough bread healthier than normal bread? 1:03:14 - Follow-up on "natural" testosterone boosters

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Thanks to Raycon for sponsoring this episode! Go to https://buyraycon.com/raguseashow to get 20% off site wide with code EARLYBF. Or save 30% on Raycon's holiday bundles. Thanks to Trade Coffee for sponsoring this episode! Go to https://drinktrade.com/adamshow for $30 off your subscription plus free shipping. Thanks to Dr. Mike Israetel of Renaissance Periodization for being on the show! Check out Dr. Mike on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/RenaissancePeriodization