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TitreDateDurée
How Lactate Alkalinizes Your Muscles06 Sep 202401:34:50

For a long time, most people believed that when we exercise, our muscles make lactic acid, this acidifies the muscles, and the acidity contributes to contractile failure, fatigue, and delayed-onset muscle soreness. Some people still believe this.

You may have heard the argument against it from well-known figures like Andy Galpin, or, if you're deep into the science, you may have read the work of George Brooks.

In this lesson, we are going to cover the biochemistry of lactate production. We will see that we never make lactic acid, ever. We make lactate. Making lactate is fundamentally alkalinizing.

We will take a look at the presentation of glycolysis in the Berg and Lehninger biochemistry textbooks to see that, on the one hand, they give us everything we need to know to understand that the human body never makes lactic acid, but, on the other hand, they really do not equip us well to understand where acidity does comes from during exercise. This is because they do not consider acid-base balance important enough to completely present the proton balances of the chemical reactions.

Finally, we will cover what does cause muscular fatigue, take a look at the research on lactate supplements, and come to some conclusions about the best way to manage acidity during exercise to maximize performance.

This is part of a larger course on the biochemistry of how we derive energy from food and use it to fuel our wellness, performance, and longevity. Take the full course here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/masterclass-with-masterjohn-energy

To see the slides, watch this lesson on youtube:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrpbLllsSHQ 

To obtain the written version with timestamped slides for better studying, see here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/how-lactate-alkalinizes-your-muscles

This lesson is free for one week. After that it will be reserved for Masterpass members. You can learn more about the Masterpass here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/about 

You can subscribe to the Masterpass here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/subscribe 

2:52 How textbooks present glycolysis

3:36 What is acidity?

4:32 The acidfying and alkalinizing phases of glycolysis

7:09 Glycolysis: A brief review

10:08 The Principles

29:33 The Reactions -- and Where the Textbooks Go Wrong

38:59 Human beings do not make lactic acid

42:13 Lactate transport is even more alkalinizing to muscle

47:44 Robert Robergs Fights an Uphill Battle in Clarifying the Sources of Acidity and the Alkalinizing Effect of Lactate

1:01:08 What causes fatigue?

1:05:15 Does CO2 contribute to acidity?

1:13:45 Where is Glycolysis Getting Backed Up?

1:23:10 Conclusiuons: What's realy going on with exercise-induced acidosis.

1:26:34 Lactate supplements

1:30:53 How to use this information in training for optimal performance.

 

D-Lactate: Groundbreaking Research No One Is Talking About31 Jul 202401:30:24

D-lactate is commonly stated to be exclusively a microbial metabolite. 

This is found in assumptions within the medical literature for decades even when it was long-known to be false. 

While D-lactate is indeed made by bacteria, D-lactate is also inarguably and irrefutably produced by human enzymes.

In this podcast, moreover, I will argue the following:

Microbial contribution to D-lactate in humans under normal circumstances is negligible. 

I coin the term "the D-lactate shuttle" to describe a role for D-lactate that should eventually make its way into biochemistry textbooks alongside the malate-aspartate shuttle and the glycerol phosphate shuttle.

The D-lactate shuttle operates alongside these other shuttles to balance the priorities of conserving cytosolic NAD+, reducing cytosolic acidity, bypassing complex I, or generating ATP. It is uniquely useful as a shuttle when there is an absolute deficit of niacin or NAD(H).

D-lactate is an important contributor to gluconeogenesis that could account for up to 11% of it and rival an individual amino acid.

While D-lactate concentrations in human plasma are infinitesimal, when the downstream metabolism of D-lactate and L-lactate are blocked by genetic disorders, the concentrations of the two forms are similar in plasma. This contrasts wildly with the common claim that flux through D-lactate is "minuscule." Most likely D-lactate is produced in considerable quantities in liver and kidney but is rarely secreted into plasma because doing so would risk neurotoxicity.

D-lactate should be taken seriously for its potential role in Parkinson's and in neurological problems generally, for its role in diabetes, and for its extremely underappreciated roles in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the respiratory chain.

Oxalate powerfully impairs D-lactate clearance, so D-lactate should be investigated as a potential link between oxalate and autism, and oxalate-lowering strategies should be seen as a way to improve D-lactate clearance and reduce its potential role in diabetes and neurological disorders.

See the sections on riboflavin, zinc manganese, and glutathione in Testing Nutritional Status: The Ultimate Cheat Sheet, as well as Does CoQ10 Deserve a Spot on Your Longevity Plan? and the How to Detox Manganese guide for managing the relevant nutrients.

Read the written version for live links and references:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/d-lactate-groundbreaking-research

Cancer, IV Drips, and the Glutathione Vitamin C Connection06 Nov 202300:02:10

Is high-dose vitamin C good for you?

 

High-dose intravenous vitamin C can selectively kill cancer cells in live patients and can save sepsis patients from dying, but it acts as a pro-oxidant in cancer and an antioxidant in sepsis.

 

So what does it do in the rest of us?

 

Oral doses of 2000 milligrams raise oxalate levels in most people, and as little as 400 milligrams raises oxalate in some people.

 

This seems to be the most sensitive indicator of a delicate imbalance with glutathione and other factors needed to recycle vitamin C. Such a balance actually needs to be avoided when killing cancer yet is critical to maintaining health in every other context.

 

Given that vitamin C is important to immunity and general health, how do we take advantage of these benefits without upsetting the delicate balance with glutathione and the propensity to generate oxalate?

 

That is the topic of this podcast.

 

This podcast is a preview of a video only available to Masterpass members.

 

Get evergreen access to the video and podcast, as well as the written article with references, here:

 

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/balancing-vitamin-c-and-glutathione-d6f

Is urinary mycotoxin testing useful for indoor mold exposure? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #29001 Oct 202100:08:04

Short Answer: When I had a serious case of indoor mold-induced illness, I tested my urine and my apartment dust for mycotoxins. Both were high, but the classes of toxins were totally different between the two, making me think the mycotoxins in my urine came from food rather than my apartment. Symptoms going away when outside of the apartment was a far more useful clue, so I think you should consider the cost of a vacation, the cost of mycotoxins, and assume you get more information out of taking the vacation, and then decide which to do.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Ferritin sky-high without hemochromatosis? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28930 Sep 202100:11:35

Short Answer: Even if genetics and other bloodwork don't look like hemochromatosis, sky-high ferritin justifies trying to lower it with blood donation or phlebotomy if inflammation markers are low. If this doesn't work, oxidative stress should be investigated.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Will the booster shot be worth it? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28829 Sep 202100:14:36

Short Answer: If optimizing for efficacy, the booster shot will likely be worth it for Pfizer, whereas other vaccines don't have clear evidence of declining efficacy yet. If optimizing for safety, one should be skeptical of the booster since a 3-dose regiment hasn't been tested in clinical trials.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

How to use carbs and glycine for sleep. | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28728 Sep 202100:10:52

Short Answer: To get adequate raw material for melatonin synthesis in the brain, carbs can come any time of day and are best if high-glycemic. To suppress brain histamine levels, carbs in the evening, with low protein and relatively low fat, is best. From among protein, collagen is best at night for the glycine.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

What are the downsides to taking prescription calcitriol for bones? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28627 Sep 202100:05:41

Short Answer: It requires more frequent dosing and has some risk of hypercalcemia, and it would be best to make sure you have adequate D and magnesium and aren't overdoing anything that could deplete D, such as other fat-soluble vitamins, first.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

NEW! Version 7 of the COVID Guide!26 Sep 202100:07:43

Newly updated September 25, 2021, and now in Version 7:

https://chris-masterjohn-phd.myshopify.com/products/the-food-and-supplement-guide-for-the-coronavirus

This guide provides my recommendations for nutritional and herbal defense against COVID. This version covers 41 randomized controlled trials, which are the gold standard of evidence, as well as many other studies providing context for interpreting the trials. Since much of this research is recent, not all of it is peer-reviewed. However, I have used my own expertise in nutritional sciences and extensive experience evaluating research to fully review the quality of this evidence myself. This protocol represents the best of science-backed strategies for nutritional and herbal anti-COVID defense.

The gold standard of evidence in medicine is the randomized, controlled trial, or RCT. In RCTs, people are randomly given a treatment, or not. That this is determined at random means people's health, behavioral traits, and choices play no role in the outcomes. This helps us be more confident the treatment really works, or doesn't work.

We now have 41 RCTs on the ability of nutrients, herbs, or other natural compounds to fight COVID. While these trials are usually small, some haven't been peer-reviewed yet, some are funded by supplement manufacturers, and most haven't yet been replicated by different researchers from different institutions and different parts of the world, they are the best evidence we currently have and serve as the highest priority evidence used in this guide.

In evaluating these trials, the most important things I looked for were whether the trials were done well, whether the data were reported clearly, and whether the interpretations were sound. However, I also considered the funding source, whether different groups had come to similar results, how much of the data was peer reviewed, and whether the substance is an essential nutrient.

Based on these considerations, I categorized anything that made the cut into three tiers: "Essentials," "Best Add-Ons," or "These Might Help." Having better quality, more trustworthy, more consistent data, and having essential nutrient status pushed the strategies up toward the Essentials tier, while lacking these qualities pushed them down toward the "These Might Help" tier. Those with intermediate support are included as Best Add-Ons.

The guide includes suggestions on how to tailor the protocol to your individual needs, your personal risk, your environmental risk, and your own risk tolerance. It also includes full instructions on how to implement the strategies.

When you buy it, you will get free updates the research continues to emerge. The guide is currently in version 7 and was last updated on September 25, 2021.

By the way, you can also get the report for free if you pre-order a copy of my Vitamins and Minerals 101 book. But if you don't want to pre-order the book, you can order it here:

https://chris-masterjohn-phd.myshopify.com/products/the-food-and-supplement-guide-for-the-coronavirus

The format of the report is a downloadable PDF. As soon as you complete your order, you will also receive an email with your download. 

The guide is 59 pages and contains 157 references.

Once again it's at chrismasterjohnphd.com/covidguide

Does quinolinate sometimes indicate niacin or inflammation instead of B6? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28524 Sep 202100:11:33

Short Answer: B6 cannot be ruled out, though inflammation and estrogen could also be involved. While it is possibly a regulated means of increasing excitatory effects of quinolinate, it makes sense to assume it may respond to B6.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a


Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Why would 5,000 IU vitamin D cause tooth sensitivity? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28423 Sep 202100:06:53

Short Answer: While it is unclear, it could relate to vitamin K depletion, hypercalcemia, or compensation in acid-base balance. First and foremost, use the full testing algorithm in Testing Nutritional Status: The Ultimate Cheat Sheet (available at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/cheatsheet) rather than just testing 25(OH)D to determine deficiency.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

What's the best and most affordable diet for a hungry teenage boy? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28322 Sep 202100:14:48

Short Answer: A half a gram to a gram of protein per pound of bodyweight, no more than 20-40 grams of that from protein powder, and whole foods supplying the targets for vitamins and minerals, erring on the side of overshooting them. Lentils and other legumes as primary carb foods and supply a portion of protein, and adjusting quality of meat to what you can afford, can help with budgeting.

This video was mentioned: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lite-videos/2018/07/24/track-vitamin-mineral-intake

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Why would MCV be elevated if MMA and FIGlu are normal? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28221 Sep 202100:06:49

Short Answer: If the cause is nutritional, FIGlu cannot rule out folate deficiency as a cause because it reflects tetrahydrofolate rather than methylene-THF. So, increasing the dose of folate or switching from methylfolate to folinic acid could be tried. Otherwise the most likely  nutritional solution would be copper.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

How to Find the Root Cause of Autoimmunity? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #32706 Nov 202300:20:38

Question: How to Find the Root Cause of Autoimmunity?

Short Answer: Autoimmune conditions are likely driven by deficiencies of vitamins A and D, which contribute to post-infectious autoimmunity by compromising the rhythmic rise and fall of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and to autoimmunity regardless of infections through impaired suppression of Th17 helper T cells. More broadly, infections and tissue damage are the most likely drivers of autoimmunity onset. However, energy metabolism governs everything through the second law of thermodynamics, which holds that energy must be used to prevent everything from randomly mixing, and this includes randomly mixing the immune defense against pathogens with immune attacks on the host. In this example, we discuss how a respiratory chain disorder would compromise absorption and distribution of zinc and compromise the oxidation of NADH to NAD+, and how both of these would interact with a genetic impairment in acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to prevent the activation of vitamin A to retinoic acid. Autoimmunity thus results as one of many symptoms of vitamin A deficiency driven not by lack of vitamin A, but rather by impaired activation of vitamin A, secondary to impaired energy metabolism. 

This is a clip from a live Q&A session open to CMJ Masterpass members. In addition to this episode, you can access two other free samples using this link:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/questions-on-nac-biofilms-vitamin

In that batch of free episodes you will also find the answer to this question:

  • Can NAC hurt your gut health?

  • Why Would Vitamin C Cause Joint Pain, Muscle Pain, and Brain Fog?

If you want to become a Masterpass member so you can participate in the next live Q&A, or so you can have access to the complete recording and transcript of each Q&A session, you can save 10% off the subscription price for as long as you remain a member by using this link to sign up:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/qanda

Learn more about the Masterpass here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/about

This snippet is from the May 13, 2023 AMA. The full recording and transcript is reserved for Masterpass members. Here is a preview of what's included:

  • GLA to lower hydroxyhaemopyrrolin-2-one?

  • When would I use the StrateGene and Genova Methylation Panel for nutritional testing?

  • Energy metabolism as a root cause of gut issues?

  • Nutrition for skin healing?

  • Nutrition for hypnic jerks?

  • Suggestions for snoring or sleep apnea?

  • Nutrition to protect against restaurant meals?

  • What is the cause of crusty eyes in the morning?

  • What causes brain fog?

  • How much oxalate should one eat each day?

  • Should I be concerned about low alkaline phosphatase?

  • What nutrients give tall children to short parents?

  • Energy metabolism impairment mimicking Wilson's disease.

  • Can taking digestive enzymes reduce our own production?

  • Rapid-fire response to non-winners from the question contest.

Here's a link to the full AMA: https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/recording-and-transcript-of-the-may

 Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

 

How to further explore slightly high coronary calcium and Lp(a) and borderline high LDL-P? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28120 Sep 202100:13:18

Short answer: If inflammatory markers are low and Lp(a) is proportionally more elevated than LDL-P, then blood lipids probably account for part of the calcification, while factors impacting LDL oxidation come next and those impacting calcification directly come after that. For the latter two, the oxidative stress and calcium sections of the Cheat Sheet should be consulted.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Is blackstrap molasses toxic because of AGEs? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #28017 Sep 202100:07:42

Short answer: The science behind dietary AGEs being bad for us is very poor-quality. While food that is treated to excessively high heat, such as fried food, should not be the major portion of our diet, dietary tables of AGEs in foods are not accurate and dietary AGEs are probably not a major source of AGEs within our bodies. Blackstrap molasses should be seen as a sweetener that is better than refined sugar and can be an important source of minerals.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

Please consider supporting my work by making a purchase using these links at one of my affiliates: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/foursigmatic, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/paleovalley, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/seekinghealth, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/ancestralsupplements, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/magicspoon, https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/lmnt 

Plenty more at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/support!

If you would like to be part of the next live Ask Me Anything About Nutrition, sign up for the CMJ Masterpass, which includes access to these live Zoom sessions, premium features on all my content, and hundreds of dollars of exclusive discounts. You can sign up with a 10% lifetime discount here: https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

Access the show notes, transcript, and comments here.

Why can the sodium-potassium pump work backwards? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27916 Sep 202100:25:50

Short answer: The second law of thermodynamics means that concentrations of specific chemicals or positive or negative charges will always "want" to disperse and randomly mix in their environment, making concentrations of ions such as sodium or potassium a form of potential energy. While the pump normally uses energy from ATP to invest into creating those concentrations, if ATP levels are low and sodium and potassium are already highly concentrated on opposite sides of the cell membrane, their potential energy can be released by mixing across the membrane, and can be used to synthesize ATP.

Watch the video or listen to the podcast with the links below. You can obtain a full transcript of the episode by signing up for the Masterpass at https://chrismasterjohnphd.com/q&a

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If What can I take to improve my memory? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27815 Sep 202100:08:08

Short answer: Alpha-GPC, ginkgo biloba, lion's mane, and a comprehensive analysis of your nutrient status as outlined in Testing Nutritional Status: The Ultimate Cheat Sheet to see if anything is missing.

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If you have high ferritin, are there any downsides to blood donation? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27714 Sep 202100:05:34

Short answer: Apart from well known acute risks such as fainting, hypoglycemia, or dehydration from a blood donation, there isn't anything to worry about except making sure you don't become deficient in iron.

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What type and how much psyllium to lower LDL-cholesterol? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27613 Sep 202100:10:59

Short answer: 15 grams of psyllium husk should lower LDL-C over 6 weeks, and you may be able to get away with cutting the dose down to 5-10 grams if using a fine powder.

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What is the most sustainable way to implement carb cycling? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27510 Sep 202100:14:08

Short answer: When trying to stop the early progression of insulin resistance, it is best to use a combination of strength, power and muscle building, fat loss, and high-intensity exercise in 20-second to one-minute bouts; to institute a rhythmic fasting-feeding cycle; and not to use berberine or metformin unless absolutely needed. One good way to integrate these is to use an "earn your carbs" approach to tie your carb rewards to specific physical activity goals.

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Do fat and carbs differ in how much energy they yield? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27408 Sep 202100:11:08

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Should green tea be taken with meals and can it hurt nutrient absorption? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27307 Sep 202100:05:30

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Why does methylfolate act as the off-switch for the glycine buffer system? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27206 Sep 202100:10:19

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The Powerful Duo: How Glutathione and Vitamin C IV Drips Impact Cancer01 Nov 202300:00:32

High-dose intravenous (IV) vitamin C has the potential to kill cancer cells and prolong the survival of terminal cancer patients.

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I am not a medical doctor and this is not medical advice. Please do not make cancer prevention or treatment decisions based on this information and if you make any such decisions discuss them with your physician first.

Vitamin D and COVID-19: The Current State of the Evidence03 Sep 202100:01:03
Here is my comprehensive review of the literature to date, covering 98 observational studies, 6 randomized controlled trials, with 173 references:   chrismasterjohnphd.com/vitamind   This is a topic we can't afford to ignore!
How to get by on poor sleep? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27103 Sep 202100:06:24

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Across what timeframe should we diversify foods? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #27002 Sep 202100:07:45

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Nutrition For Bone Healing | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26901 Sep 202100:09:46

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What tests to use for protein status? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26831 Aug 202100:10:14

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Is nicotinamide riboside hydrogen malate as good as NR for fasting? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26730 Aug 202100:17:03

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Would high-dose thiamin cause imbalances with other B vitamins? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26627 Aug 202100:04:23

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Why does B12 damaged by nitrous oxide require megadosed folic acid rather than normal levels of folate? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26526 Aug 202100:17:51

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Nutrition, Metformin, and Respiratory Chain Disorders | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26425 Aug 202100:20:01

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Why do some paleo advocates and functional medicine practitioners recommend low-calcium diets? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26324 Aug 202100:16:02

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Startled?! Try Glycine!28 Oct 202300:12:52

The ability to become startled is an adaptive behavior that protects us from being injured by a sudden threat, and prepares us for the fight-or-flight response when necessary.

Nevertheless, getting startled too easily can be a sign that something is wrong.

Here's what to do about it.

For the written version with links to references and links to testing, see here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/startled-try-glycine 

https://substack.com/profile/7110306-chris-masterjohn-phd
How should you program the temperature on an Ooler or Eight Sleep? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26223 Aug 202100:05:49

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Question: How should you program the temperature on an Ooler or Eight Sleep?

The way that I do it is, if I wake up feeling cold, I want to program it to increase the temperature at that time point so that I do not wake up cold. So, I would say, generally speaking, you want it as cold as it can be starting, that does not interfere with your sleep, and you want it as cold as can be in the middle of the night, that does not wake you up. So, I think that's going to be very different for each person, and I think whatever temperature prevents you from waking up cold, is the one you want.

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Is it useful to measure HVA, VMA, and 5-HIAA? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26120 Aug 202100:05:01

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Question: Is it useful to measure HVA, VMA, and 5-HIAA?

I find them useful in a very limited context. The limitation of their usefulness is basically that you can't really tell if something is high or low because of production or degradation.

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What nutrients require insulin to get into cells? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #26019 Aug 202100:04:52

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Question: What nutrients require insulin to get into cells?

Magnesium phosphorus and potassium are the big ones that are going to have poor uptake in response to insulin.

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What are the top whole food supplements to take? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25918 Aug 202100:03:39

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Question: What are the top whole food supplements to take?

I mean, that's kind of too general a question, especially for end of the AMA rapid-fire. I don't make blanket supplements suggestions, but in the likes of Oystermax, an organ mix or liver supplement from Ancestral or from Paleovalley, although their organ mix is a sold out, and nutritional yeast, I think are great components of a natural, DIY, whole food multivitamin.

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Could iron deficiency create a complex 1 disorder? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25817 Aug 202100:04:15

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Question: Could iron deficiency create a complex 1 disorder?

If you're iron deficient and you have blood work that looks like a complex 1 block, and you feel like you have an energy metabolism disorder, then, while it is possible you have a genetic complex 1 deficiency, it's also possible you have an iron deficiency that is not playing out in your CBC or your thyroid panel that is impacting your energy metabolism.

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How to get more sulfate if you have sulfite issues? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25716 Aug 202100:12:41

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Question: How to get more sulfate if you have sulfite issues?

If you're not converting sulfite to sulfate, that should be a molybdenum deficiency. If it's not a molybdenum deficiency it's probably a gut microbiota problem. Could be a sulfite oxidase enzyme deficiency, of course, but I think it would be much more common that you have sulfate metabolizing bacteria in the intestines, then that you have a sulfite oxidase genetic deficiency. Although, you can never rule out a modest impairment in that enzyme, that would not be diagnosed with anything. So, it can't be ruled out. But I do you think it's going to be much more common that someone has a sulfur intolerance that's driven by gut microbiota.

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If you're eating oysters, do you need to eat liver too? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25613 Aug 202100:06:59

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Question: If you're eating oysters, do you need to eat liver too?

And I think oysters are more reliably a source of zinc relative to copper and relative to liver. And liver is much more consistently a source of copper relative to zinc and relative to oysters. And so I stand by what I said in terms of taking into account the variation in different species of oyster, in different oceans and different batches of oyster products, but Oystermax does batch testing.

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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Lipoic acid: does it need to be the R form? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25512 Aug 202100:04:27

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Question: Lipoic acid: does it need to be the R form?

Lipoic acid can help with blood sugar and it is an antioxidant. I would always use R-Lipoic acid. I would never use the racemic mixture of alpha-lipoic acid because the R form is the biologically active one. And I think it might be the case that you can just take a higher dose, but why mess around with the possibility that some isomer that doesn't belong in your body and isn't found in food, isn't going to interfere with the function of the R form. So I would just take R- Lipoic acid for any purpose at all.

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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How much fruit is it safe to eat at once? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25411 Aug 202100:04:03

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Question: How much fruit is it safe to eat at once?

I don't really agree with that premise and that premise might be sensible at really high fructose intake, but I don't think many people are going to hit that by eating fruit, unless they're on a fruitarian diet. I think if you're eating 1, 2, 3 servings of fruit at a time, you're probably not going to seriously hit that mark, but that depends on your energy metabolism and the rest of your diet. So I think the metric to look at that would be your uric acid levels. If your uric acid levels are high, you are eating a lot of fruit at one sitting.

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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Should I supplement NAC if cysteine, taurine, and sulfate are low? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25310 Aug 202100:04:48

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Question: Should I supplement NAC if cysteine, taurine, and sulfate are low?

You can supplement NAC, but you probably just need more animal protein. Although a vegan could supplement NAC instead of animal protein. If your homocysteine is on the high side, then you definitely want to increase methionine in order to increase SAMe to increase the breakdown of homocysteine.

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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Hormones Are Never In Charge27 Oct 202300:21:52

Hormones matter, but they are never in charge. Their abnormalities are never the root cause of anything.

All hormones do is communicate the biochemistry of one tissue to the biochemistry of another tissue.

In this episode:

  • Three Reasons For Hormones to Be Messed Up
  • Exceptions to the Rule
  • Leptin, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormone As an Example
  • How to Approach Hormones

For the written version, the links to references, and the links to testing, see here:

https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/hormones-are-never-in-charge

Iron deficiency without anemia? | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25209 Aug 202100:07:46

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Question: Iron deficiency without anemia?

I would just say that I would be wary of iron deficiency, even if it's not causing anemia, because iron plays roles in energy metabolism, detoxification, and thyroid metabolism separate from anemia. But the things that are easiest to test are thyroid panel and CBC. So if your thyroid panel and your CBC look great, you probably aren't truly iron deficient, but I would also measure it against symptoms. So for example, if you have unexplained fatigue and you feel much better when you get more iron in your diet, I would interpret that as iron deficiency, that probably is just most sensitively affecting the electron transport chain if it's not showing up in a CBC or a thyroid panel.

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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How to Calculate the Amount of a Nutrient in a Complex | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25106 Aug 202100:05:52

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Question: How to Calculate the Amount of a Nutrient in a Complex

So this is how to know what percent of something in a complex form gives you what percent of the nutrient of interest, if you ever want to calculate it yourself. So what you want to do, let's say you want to know what percent of Alpha-GPC is choline. What you want to do is say Alpha-GPC, molar mass and Google gives it to you right here, 257.221. And then you want to say choline molar mass 104.1708 and so you want to take this number, the nutrient of interest, and you want to divide it by this number, the dose of the complex form. And then you would get 0.404985. So to carry it out to two digits that rounds down to 0.4. Alpha-GPC is 40% choline. And if you want to find amount of choline in Alpha-GPC, you take the dose of Alpha-GPC and you multiply it by 0.4. Or if you want to be highly specific, you multiply it by this number and you can do the exact same thing for magnesium glycinate, iron bisglycinate, et cetera.

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Eggs, Choline Bisulfate, and TMAO | Masterjohn Q&A Files #25005 Aug 202100:18:35

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Question: Eggs, Choline Bisulfate, and TMAO

If you really want to know what eggs are doing to your TMAO, then I'm pretty sure Cleveland Clinic has a TMAO blood test, and that would be the best way to do it. Yeah, the Cleveland heart lab has a TMAO blood test, so you could test your response to this. If you didn't want to test, then if you assumed the worst case scenario, I would say you could probably just eat two eggs at a time and you would not raise your TMAO that much, but if you do test TMAO, you can probably show that you might be able to get away with eating six eggs at a time and not raise your TMAO that much.

But the thing is, I don't think you're going to get the same response from six eggs at a time as in that study, as you would get from eating two eggs separated and spread out from the day. And the reason is I think the TMAO is mostly generated from the choline that does not get absorbed in the small intestine, going to the colon, being available to the microbiome. So if you lower the dose of eggs and spread them out, then you should be able to kind of totally head off significant TMAO generation. 

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DISCLAIMER: I have a PhD in Nutritional Sciences and my expertise is in performing and evaluating nutritional research. I am not a medical doctor and nothing herein is medical advice.

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