In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor explore the future of India's armoured capabilities in light of the government's recent approval of ₹1,44,716 crore for capital acquisitions. This includes modernising the Indian Army's tank fleet through the Future Ready Combat Vehicle (FRCV) program.

The new tank FRCV aims to replace around 2,500 four-decade-old Soviet-origin T-72 tanks first acquired in 1982.

Why is the FRCV project necessary, and how does it address the shortcomings of previous tank modernisation efforts, such as the Arjun project? What is the current status of India's tank fleet, and how do the ageing T-72s and T-90s fit into the Army's broader defence strategy?

The Arjun tank project—marked by controversy and unmet expectations between the Army and DRDO—is analysed, with the hosts reflecting on its failures. The two explain this by giving an overview of tank evolution, from their roles in World Wars I and II to their enduring importance in modern warfare, particularly for India's territorial defence. The FRCV is seen as a corrective step, aiming to build a modern, modular, and agile tank capable of meeting diverse battlefield needs while fully indigenised.

But, some critics believe that the FCRV program seems like an Arjun 2.0. Is it?

Also, don’t miss the discussion on Sunil Shetty’s iconic tank-lifting scene in the movie Border—could it really happen?

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priydarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

India, a nation that has landed on the moon and built fighter jets, still imports basic infantry rifles. Why? The Ministry of Defence has recently signed a repeat order for 73,000 SIG716 rifles from the U.S., with delivery expected by the end of 2025. This follows an earlier procurement of 72,400 rifles in 2019.

The move has sparked controversy, highlighting India's continued reliance on foreign arms despite its advanced defence capabilities.

In this episode of "In Our Defence," host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor examine India's ongoing struggle with small arms procurement. They question why India still depends on emergency imports despite private companies like SSS Defence developing advanced firearms. What does this say about the nation's defence policies?

The episode delves into the failures of the INSAS rifle and the contradictions in India's defence policies. Are domestic manufacturers being sidelined by the import lobby? What does this reliance on foreign weapons mean for India's strategic autonomy? Shiv calls for a systemic shift towards supporting domestic innovation and reducing dependency on foreign suppliers, questioning why a nation that excels in complex engineering can't produce its own infantry rifles.

Revisit our INS Arighat episode here:https://podcasts.indiatoday.in/politics-&-history/in-our-defence/indias-nuclear-saga-from-peace-to-power-in-our-defence-s02-ep-12-896714-2024-02-22

Produced by Anna Priydarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

India and the United States are progressing in their discussions to collaboratively produce the latest generation of Stryker armoured infantry combat vehicles (ICVs).

Initially, the project will involve a limited off-the-shelf acquisition of Strykers through the US Foreign Military Sales program. Subsequent phases will include joint production in India, culminating in the co-development of future versions.

Host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor discuss the American Stryker combat vehicles deal and the ICVs' battlefield applications. They raise the larger question: Does India need this deal? With private players like Mahindra, Tata, or Ashok Leyland, couldn't India build something similar, given that the Stryker ICVs have few exemplary specifications? “I am not saying that India can do better than the Stryker right now, but we sure can get close,” says Shiv. They also explore how a deal for armoured vehicles from the US might threaten the 'Make in India' initiative.

Moreover, the Canadian aspect of the deal cannot be ignored amid the flared-up diplomatic tensions between India and Canada. How will this be factored in and pan out?

Tune in to know more!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Nitin Rawat

In this episode, we delve into the intricacies of how special operations are carried out, interspersed with fascinating anecdotes from Abhishek Bhalla. Tune in!

What is the China-Taiwan tension post-Pelosi visit? What happens in the military drills? In this episode, we untangle the Taiwan tangle. Tune in!

Was there a larger objective of the Pakistani military army when they intruded into India across the Line of Control capturing strategic mountain peaks? In this episode, we revisit the days and the aftermath of the war, bringing out its in-depth nuances. Tune in!

What does the norm of caste-based stratification in the Indian military imply? Did independent India continue with the caste and region-based regiments due to their history and ethos? Listen in!

What's going on in Sri Lanka? What role does the military play in the midst of this political turmoil? Tune in!

In the wake of the killings, we address the security ramification of the gruesome murders. Tune in!

The episode discusses the dynamics of the life of civilians who reside in the “occupied” territories. Tune in!

A week has passed by since the "Agnipath" or Path of Fire initiative was announced for applicants aged 17.5 to 21.  Each year, between 45,000 and 50,000 troops will be recruited, with the majority of them leaving the military after just four years, with only 25% of them being retained after that.

Amid the ongoing protests against the scheme, the Indian Air Force issued its notification, stating that registration will start from June 24. 

Is it acknowledged that things might have been conveyed and people could have been engaged better given the violent protests that erupted following the announcement? And whether this is the best course of action? Should the government have been more explicit about its long-term goals? Why wasn't it implemented as a pilot programme?

Our host Dev Goswami and "Def-Savvy" Abhishek Bhalla, national bureau chief, discuss in this episode of In Our Defence.

Listen up!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Kapil Dev Singh

Two major military reforms were announced by the government this week, which were received with a lot of criticism. We discuss how viable the reforms are. Tune in!

Other related links:

The post of CDS lying vacant.. What's the way ahead? https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-podcasts/story/chief-of-defence-staff-vacant-general-bipin-rawat-demise-in-our-defence-1945953-2022-05-05

Tour of Duty: A preposterous proposal?
https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-podcasts/story/in-our-defence-ep-10-tour-of-duty-a-preposterous-proposal-1957537-2022-06-02

This episode of In Our Defence delves at Kashmir's perplexing security apparatus, interspersed with personal reporting experiences from the region. Tune in!

This week, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited announced a significant development: the Defence Ministry has issued a Request for Proposal for 156 Light Combat Helicopters (LCHs) as part of the government's push to boost defence indigenisation. Of these, 90 will be allocated to the Indian Army and 66 to the Indian Air Force (IAF). Currently, 15 Prachands are in service with the IAF and 5 with the Indian Army. The LCH was formally named Prachand in October 2022.

What Makes the Prachand Special?

The Prachand, a marvel of modern engineering, is the world's only attack helicopter capable of landing and taking off at 5,000 meters (16,400 ft). This unique feature makes it ideal for high-altitude operations in challenging areas like the Siachen glacier and eastern Ladakh. Equipped with a range of air-to-ground and air-to-air missiles, it can neutralise enemy air defence operations.

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor explore the significance of light combat helicopters, the history of the Prachand's development, and how it compares with the Boeing Apache, of which the IAF operates 22 and the Army 6.

The duo explores these key questions: Why do the Air Force and Army have separate combat helicopter divisions? Will the new acquisition reduce India's reliance on Western or foreign equipment? Can India achieve greater self-sufficiency in defence capabilities with these additions?

Tune in to find out!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

The Army is interested in using Tour of Duty to increase recruiting. The episode dives into the details of the proposal, debating if it is an ill-judged idea. Tune in!

We talk about big weapons, like fighter jets and nuclear weapons, but not about integral weapons like rifles. In this episode, we discuss and argue the importance of small arms.

Two years since Ladakh’s Galwan Valley violent clash between the Armies of India and China, what's the status and what lies ahead?

What are the biggest takeaways for India from the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine? Tune in!

The episode delves into the functioning of the CDS while addressing the concern why no one has been appointed since General Rawat’s demise. Tune in!

Will May 9 mark an end to the Russia-Ukraine war? Amid speculations, what will the Victory day entail and unravel? Tune in!

Our defence expert Abhishek Bhalla is in now in Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital. In this episode, host Dev Goswami talks to him about his experiences on the ground, and what has unfolded in the capital since Russia launched a full-scale invasion in February.

Our defence expert Abhishek Bhalla is on his way to Ukraine this week. In this episode, host Dev Goswami discusses with Bhalla about his journalistic experiences in conflict zones, and his views on where the war is headed

The episode tracks the firings at the LOC while examining the effects of ceasefire violations.

With Pakistan's current political turbulence in play, the conversation dissects the country’s unstable civilian governments and the major military takeovers.

In just three days, Jammu & Kashmir has been struck by four terror attacks. A tragic incident in the Reasi district saw a bus carrying pilgrims from the Shiv Khori temple to Katra targeted, resulting in nine deaths and 41 injuries. The Resistance Front (TRF) claimed responsibility.

Further terror struck Doda and Kathua, where an attack claimed the life of a CRPF jawan and injured six security personnel. Another operation in Saida Sukhal village, Kathua, led to a civilian injury and the death of a terrorist. Most recently, a policeman was injured in a fresh encounter in Doda.

This week’s data is part of a disturbing pattern. In the months leading up to these attacks, deadly ambushes were reported in the volatile districts of Rajouri and Poonch, near the Line of Control.

In this episode of "In Our Defence," host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into these incidents, exploring the ground realities and regional complexities. They discuss the terrorists' weaponry, the reasons behind the region's persistent tension, and the larger strategy these attacks may be part of. This analysis is especially pertinent given the recent swearing-in of a new coalition government and the upcoming assembly elections, expected before September.

We also discuss the controversy surrounding the Union government's rare move to extend the tenure of Chief of the Army Staff Gen Manoj Pande by one month, debunking speculations of a ‘coup’ and stressing the ‘absurdity’ of such claims.

Finally, the duo also quickly examines the complexities surrounding Manipur.

Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

Recent months have seen Boeing, the world’s largest aerospace firm, embroiled in multiple safety concerns, accidents, and reputational crises. Why is Boeing under intense scrutiny? What critical issues is it facing?

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into these pressing issues on their show, questioning the apparent decline of this once-revered company. What has led to Boeing's reputation plummeting to such lows?

A series of incidents have spotlighted Boeing's troubles. Recently, an Alaska Airline Boeing 737 MAX 9 made an emergency landing in Portland, Oregon, after a piece of the fuselage detached mid-flight. Similarly, an ANA Boeing 737-800 was forced to return to Japan when a cockpit window developed a crack midair. These incidents come on the heels of two devastating crashes involving Boeing 737 MAX jets five years ago, which killed 346 people and resulted in the grounding of all 737 MAX aircraft for nearly two years.

The troubles don’t end with technical failures. This year, two Boeing whistleblowers, Joshua Dean and John Barnett, died under mysterious circumstances, leading to suspicions of foul play. Their deaths have raised fears among other whistleblowers, with concerns that they might be intimidated or meet similar fates.

Who's to blame for these incidents? What actions are officials taking?

Besides, Boeing is a key supplier to India’s defence, providing crucial equipment like the Boeing C-17 Globemaster III. India operates the largest fleet of C-17s outside the United States, essential for military airlift and humanitarian missions. What makes the C-17 Globemaster III impressive?

Tune in!

Meanwhile, binge on our favourite episodes so far, and send in your feedback to pods@indiatoday.com or WhatsApp us at +918588966996:

Deep Dive On India's Nuclear Submarines

How India Hit It Out Of The Park With Legendary Brahmos Cruise Missile

Israel-Hamas War: A Conflict With No Endgame?

Lakshadweep: From Tourism to Military Significance & Indian Navy 'Deep Water' Ambitions

China Threat Literally At Our Doorstep. Why India Should be Concerned

Is Iran Emerging Trouble-Maker-In-Chief And Are We In A 'World War'? 

Balakot Strike & Abhinandan's Return: The Tense Two Days Recalled

The LCA Tejas Saga: A Flight From Frustration To Fulfillment

Watch: Downfall: The Case Against Boeing

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

The election season in India is heating up, and the rhetoric around Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir (PoK) is becoming increasingly prominent among politicians. No surprises there! Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma recently addressed opposition allegations of constitutional changes by emphasising the government's focus on integrating PoK into India. Echoing this sentiment, Union Home Minister Amit Shah affirmed that PoK is "part of India", highlighting that people across the border in PoK are calling for freedom.

Since May 10, PoK has been experiencing significant unrest, with traders protesting against high electricity and food prices. Similar protests occurred in August 2023 over high electricity bills. External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar commented on the ongoing unrest, contrasting the situation in PoK with the relative stability in Jammu and Kashmir.

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into the history and politics surrounding PoK. They discuss whether the topic of Pakistan still resonates with Indian voters and examine the feasibility of politicians' claims about reclaiming PoK. Are these assertions even possible? The duo explores the practicality of India potentially reclaiming PoK and managing the aftermath. How realistic is it? What hypothetical actions or operations might India undertake, and what strategic or other purposes would these serve?

Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

Where is the conflict in Gaza heading? After seven months of the Israel-Hamas war, are we witnessing the beginning of the end, or is it a war with no foreseeable conclusion?

Why does Netanyahu persist in his stance despite mounting international pressure? Is his stubbornness a response to the intelligence lapse exposed by the October 7 Hamas attack, or is it part of a calculated strategy aimed at achieving Israel's "objectives"? What comes after Israel fulfils its current objectives?

Host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into the complexities of the conflict, recognising it as a narrative battle, particularly when Gaza is simplistically equated with Hamas.

They examine the United States' role, acknowledging its vested interests despite criticisms of President Joe Biden's handling of domestic student protests at Ivy League universities and support for Israel.

What has the United Nations contributed beyond condemnation? And where does India stand? What more can India do, especially as it aspires to global influence?

Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into India's nuclear submarine program, discussing its limited fleet despite a vast coastline of 6700 km. Why does a country with such a significant maritime border suffer from "sea blindness"? The Indian Navy, the smallest among the three armed forces, seems disproportionally under-equipped given the strategic importance of its maritime domain. So, what factors contributed to this stagnation?

India currently boasts only two nuclear submarines, INS Arihant and INS Arighat. But what sets nuclear submarines apart from their conventional and diesel-electric counterparts?

Consider this a masterclass on the SSBNs (nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines) and SSNs (nuclear-powered attack submarines).In February 2015, the Indian government approved the indigenous construction of six SSNs at the Ship Building Center (SBC) in Visakhapatnam. But we have yet to hear much about these projects since then. The absence of a nuclear-powered attack submarine in India's fleet has significant strategic implications. Why hasn't India yet commissioned one despite the urgency?

Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence enthusiast Shiv Aroor delve into the cutting-edge advancements in India's missile programs and the coveted missile technology programs at large. They examine two significant tests: the successful launch of the indigenous Nirbhay cruise missile and a new variant of the Medium-Range Ballistic Missile, both of which showcase India's technological prowess.

Why is the Nirbhay test off Odisha's coast a monumental achievement for India?

Why is exporting homemade BrahMos, India's iconic missile, to the Philippines a significant development? BrahMos is gaining traction and making a resounding impact in international markets, including Southeast Asia and Africa. Some countries in West Asia have also expressed keen interest.

Listen in to know more about India's growing prowess in missile technology.

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

The Indian Air Force is preparing for a significant upgrade with the upcoming test of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)'s Astra Mark 2 air-to-air missile. This missile, capable of hitting targets up to 130 km away, is a game-changer for India's air combat capabilities. The DRDO has been developing these missiles since 2001 to engage distant targets effectively.

In this episode, Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor discuss the importance of long-range missiles like Astra Mark 2 for modern air battles and why India needs them. They also reflect on the post-Balakot skirmish, which took place on 27 February 2019. India faced challenges in maintaining its position despite the Pakistan Air Force's (PAF) anticipated retaliation after the Balakot airstrike. The podcast analyses the dynamics of the skirmish and identifies the reasons that pinned India down.

This and more in In Our Defence!

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

In the heat of election season, a recent report from The Guardian has sparked controversy. It claims that Prime Minister Narendra Modi's office ordered assassinations in Pakistan, as revealed by Indian and Pakistani intelligence sources.

According to the report, the Research & Analysis Wing (RAW), an agency that PM Modi's office directly controls, had undertaken the strategy to "eliminate terrorists living on foreign soil".

However, the report contained many glaring errors, not only grammatically but factually, too. So, has the Guardian done PM Modi a favour? Or has it put India "into trouble"?

There's a paradox: India wants to embrace The Guardian's story politically but deny it diplomatically. Has India admitted to carrying out killings in Pakistan?

Host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor decode.

**Revisit our earlier episode about mysterious deaths, possibly linked to an unidentified Indian hit squad here: 

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

In the world of special operations, India is home to three elite forces: the Garud (Air Force), MARCOS (Navy), and Para SF (Army). Each unit has its own specialisation—Para SF excels in high-altitude, counter-insurgency, and surgical strikes; MARCOS are maritime experts; and Garud Commandos focus on airfield protection and counter-hijacking.

In response to popular demand from our listeners, this episode delves into the Para SF, offering insights into their vital role in national security.

Ever wondered what sets special forces apart from the regular army? How does Para SF work? What does their intense training look like? And what really happens during the 90-day probation period–a brutal challenge often considered a personal hell that pushes every recruit to its limits before earning the Balidan badge.

Host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor explore this while analysing how Indian Special Forces training compares internationally and what impact has the Armed Forces Special Operations Division (AFSOD) had on streamlining operations since its inception in 2019.

The two also discuss how Special Forces personnel transition to regular army roles or civilian life, highlighting their adaptability, which is shaped by intense training and experience.

Tune in to get a glimpse into the lives of those who operate in the shadows and beyond.

Produced by Anna Priydarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

This week, China released a fresh list of 'renamed' places in Arunachal Pradesh. This was yet another attempt by Beijing to assert its claim over the north-eastern Indian state that for long China has claimed to be its "integral part". India called China's move to rename the places "senseless", saying, "Assigning invented names will not alter the reality that Arunachal Pradesh is, has been, and will always be an integral and inalienable part of India.

The development brings into focus the fact that Arunachal Pradesh is, and has been, a core subject of India-China tensions. On this episode of In Our Defence, host Dev Goswami and defence expert and senior journalist Shiv Aroor trace the history of tensions between India and China over Arunachal Pradesh.

The two revisit the 1962 war, where India suffered a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Chinese army, a defeat that was particularly humiliating in the Arunachal Pradesh, then known as the North-East Frontier Agency, sector. They discuss the lessons learnt from the war and where things stand today.

Also on the episode is a dive into why dealing with China - militarily or diplomatically - is such a challenge and, at times, frustrating. Tune in.

Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria, former chief of Air Staff, recently made headlines by joining the BJP ahead of the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. In 2014, former Army Chief, General VK Singh, had also joined the party before the Lok Sabha elections. He had cited the BJP as the "only party" in India embodying nationalism, and not only did he join the party but he also clinched a ministerial role.

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor discuss the trend of ex-military chiefs entering politics.
What's the deal with the intersection of military and politics? Is it concerning? Shiv brings up a crucial point: While many retired military figures, such as ex-chief of army staff Dalbir Singh Suhag, have landed government roles after retirement, joining a political party is a whole different ball game.

India is a democracy, and individuals are entitled to exercise their constitutional rights. Yet, does this trend hint at a bias? What happens when military and politics overlap? Does political influence cloud military judgment?

These are weighty questions that Dev and Shiv delve into, recounting Gen VK Singh's Singh's court case against the UPA government. What was it? Tune in to know!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

Ever wondered what a high-tech futuristic modern war would look like, especially with Artifical Intelligence coming in? Where might conflicts arise, and who will be involved? How will these wars unfold, and what technologies will shape them?

On this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor try to visualise the multifaceted nature of future warfare, from economic tactics to space militarisation and beyond.

Shiv suggests that the current India-China standoff is just a glimpse of future wars, emphasising the role of kinetic weapons and advanced weaponry in potential conflicts.

The two also venture into a theoretical and hypothetical example of what an Indian liberation of Tibet would look like.

Listen in as the duo creates a fearful scenario of the potential realities of tomorrow's battlefield.

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

From an ambitious fighter jet project to a landmark missile test, the last few days marked important milestones for the nation’s defence. India test-launched the nuclear capable Agni-V missile in a ‘multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle’, or MIRV, avatar. Just days before, the government gave the all-clear for the development of the AMCA, or Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, a fifth-generation fighter jet that will feature cutting-edge technology.

On this episode of In Our Defence, host Dev Goswami and Defence expert Shiv Aroor discuss these two projects and what they mean for the Indian Air force and the country’s nuclear arsenal. The two also briefly discuss the unfortunate crash of the Tejas fighter jet, the first in its service history.

Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

This week, the Indian Navy made significant moves. They officially launched the first squadron of MH 60R Seahawk helicopters, boosting their surveillance and combat abilities at sea. The commissioning ceremony for the INAS 334 'Seahawks' naval air squadron took place at INS Garuda in Kochi.

In addition, India opened a new naval base on Minicoy Island in the Indian Ocean, near the Maldives, amidst strained relations. This base, INS Jatayu, is strategically important, being India's furthest western base and around 125 km from the Maldives.

In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defense expert Shiv Aroor, discuss these developments and the significance of Lakshadweep for the Indian Navy. Why is it that Andaman and Nicobar islands have been given a greater focus than Lakshadweep, an archipelago who has always had a limited military presence? How timely is the establishment of the new navy base on the archipelago? And in the midst of this, how does Anant Ambani and Radhika Merchant’s pre-wedding bash in Jamnagar, come into the picture? Well, tune in to find out!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Kapil Dev Singh

This week, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into the harrowing events of November 26, 2008, when 10 Pakistani terrorists infiltrated south Mumbai via the sea, launching a series of devastating attacks.

Recounting the gruesome assault orchestrated by the Pakistani terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), which claimed 166 lives and left over 300 injured, Shiv shares his firsthand experience of being present outside the Trident-Oberoi on Marine Drive that fateful evening.

The duo examines how this incident spotlighted glaring deficiencies in India's intelligence apparatus—highly-trained security forces, including the Mumbai Police, Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), National Security Guard (NSG), and Marine Commandos (MARCOS).

Was this India's 'Kargil moment'? Shiv argues it was ‘far worse’. They scrutinise the factors contributing to the failures, including questions about the ‘political will’ of the then UPA government to not respond aggressively, influenced by the geopolitical landscape, particularly the US-Pakistan relationship.

What are the lessons learned and the evolution of India's security posture since the tragedy? And why Shiv advocates against labeling it solely as a ‘terrorist attack’, for a nuanced understanding of the attacks?

Tune in to know!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Kapil Dev Singh

This week, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor talk about India's nuclear setup. They dive into why India decided to go nuclear back in the 1980s and 1990s, explaining the concept of the nuclear triad. What does it mean, and why has it been so challenging to complete the submarine part of this triad? And why do we need submarines like the INS Arihant or INS Arighat to finish the triad?

What exactly can India do with its nuclear weapons? And why is there so much secrecy surrounding these operations?

Let's imagine for a moment: if a nuclear attack were to happen, what would it look like?

And they ponder the paradoxical nature of the nuclear world. What is it? Tune in to find out more!

Read Sandeep Unnithan's story on India's indigenous nuclear submarine project here.

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Kapil Dev Singh

In January 2020, General Bipin Rawat became the first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces. However, his tenure was tragically cut short by a helicopter crash in December 2021. The position remained vacant for almost nine months until General Anil Chauhan took over. Why did it take so long to fill the CDS position after General Rawat's passing? Was there genuine effort to reach political consensus earlier?

There were also concerns whether the CDS post was created solely for General Rawat, believed to be a favorite of the Modi government. Has the CDS role achieved anything substantial? What was the dream when the post was conceptualised and where do we stand now?

Host Dev Goswami and defense expert Shiv Aroor delve into the history of the CDS position, tracing it back to the Kargil war. The Kargil review committee, formed in 1999, recommended the CDS position due to evident lack of coordination between the army and air force during the conflict. But, are India's armed forces truly 'joint' despite the creation of the CDS role in 2019?

The duo also reflects on General Rawat's legacy, marked by controversies like his remarks classifying the Air Force as a 'support arm’, in an India Today interview. Does this hint at deeper divisions within the military?

Examining progress towards synergy among the armed forces, they ponder whether India is truly advancing in jointmanship or still grappling with turf wars and egos, exemplified by debates over HAL Prachand helicopters.

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound mix by Nitin Rawat

Indian army chiefs have consistently emphasised the sensitivity of the India-China situation for the past four years. What is the current ground situation, and why is it unfavorable for India with the looming Chinese threat?

Host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into these questions in this episode.

Numerous reports have been of Chinese "spy ships" in the Indian Ocean region. What defines these "spy ships," and why isn't India's response widely discussed in the media, considering other countries also deploy research vessels for strategic purposes? And why is there concern without specific laws prohibiting Chinese "research vessels" from conducting surveillance activities?

Are there noticeable changes happening at the tactical level?

One significant advantage India holds over China is its extensive knowledge of the Indian Ocean's geography, including depths, water intensity, and temperature, crucial for submarine warfare. But, China excels in submarine capabilities, posing a challenge for India.

The duo also discusses reasons for the Indian establishment's shift from focusing on Pakistan to now China over the past decade or so. What does this denote, and how did India reach this point?

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

We live in an age where drones are everywhere. In this episode, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor delve into the world of UAVs or UAS, commonly known as drones. These unmanned air systems have played pivotal roles in global events, from the U.S. war on terror to conflicts in Ukraine, Israel-Hamas, and Azerbaijan-Armenia. Despite their ubiquitous presence, popular culture and mainstream defense writing lag in portraying the significance of these non-human aircraft. Why?

While India boasts a list of domestically manufactured drones, none are currently in service. The discussion delves into the reasons behind India's delayed adoption and the increasing involvement of private companies in the drone ecosystem.

The duo also contemplates the potential takeover of drones by AI, about the elimination of the human loop and the future of drone warfare. What game-changing effects drones can have in military operations? What are the challenges faced by the military in drone usage, including concerns about proliferation and security threats from terrorists and non-state actors. The ultimate question remains: Is drone warfare here to stay, and how will it shape the landscape of future conflicts?

Tune in to listen!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

What exactly is air defence? At its core, it intercepts incoming aerial threats such as aircraft, drones, or missiles. But, achieving this requires sophisticated technology and coordination.

So, why do you need a wide range of air missile systems? What different air defence systems do we have, and is the Russian-made S-400 system, hailed for its advanced capabilities and 450-kilometer range, our best?

Host Dev Goswami and Shiv Aroor explain the concept, with Shiv elaborating on the country's multi-layered air defence, which consists of concentric protective circles with varying ranges and capabilities.

The two look at the many surface-to-air based air defence systems that are operated by the Indian military and illustrate how the setup functions in real time. The episode also examines the complicated interplay between the Indian Army, Air Force and Navy when it comes to the command and control of these varied systems.

Also on this episode is an unsparing examination of the unfortunate incident of an Indian air defence system shooting down the military’s own helicopter, leading the deaths of six Indian Air Force personnel and one civilian the day after the Balakot airstrike. What went wrong on that fateful day? This episode brings you the answers. Tune in!

Produced by Anna Priydarshini

Sound mix by Sachin Dwivedi

In this Republic Day special, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor analyse the delayed progress of PM Modi's 'Atmanirbharta' in defence. Why the prolonged wait? What's the stark reality we must confront? Why are we still dependent on Russian equipment even now? Why is self-reliance a painful birthing process?

The episode starts with reflections on the Republic Day fanfare, notably the annual parade at Kartavyapath. Amidst the grand spectacle, critics question the hefty costs. Is there a valid place for the R-Day parade in modern India? Shiv disapproves of the display of weaponry, citing the irony of India being a major arms importer while reiterating the urgency for self-reliance in defence equipment.

The duo also takes us through the history of India's quest for self-reliance. Why is it not a happy story? Why has India faltered despite having huge needs for military equipment? Was it because of political reluctance to go into having a weapons industry? And why do HAL, DRDO and various other organisations still need more accountability and cohesion?

What's the stranglehold of government bodies on defence production? And where do the private companies stand in the midst of this? Finally, what pulls and pressures are required to be fully Atmanirbhar?

Well, not everything is gloomy, though. While India remains one of the biggest weapons importers, it has made excellent strides in the last decade. What are those?

Tune in to listen!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

The Middle East, also referred to as West Asia, is on fire. In the three months since the Gaza-based terrorist group Hamas launched a dastardly attack on Israel, events in the region have started resembling a 'World War' but perhaps not in the sense that we understand the term.

On Episode 7 of In Our Defence, host Dev Goswami and defence expert Shiv Aroor break down the goings on in the Middle East, starting with the Iranian air strikes into "terrorist" camps in neighbouring Pakistan. While not directly linked to the Israel-Hamas war, what do the attacks tell us about the relationship between Iran and Pakistan?

Also, with Iran-backed Houthi rebels attacking ships in the Red Sea, prompting the United States to intervene, and the Hezbollah, another Iranian proxies, engaged in a limited conflicts with Israel, is Iran fast emerging as the world's trouble-maker-in-chief? Also, what do the Iranian strikes tell us about the military setup in Pakistan, a country that is economically on its knees?

And finally, with the world in the midst of two wars - Israel-Hamas and Russia-Ukraine - that have dragged in other countries in some form or the other, how close is the threat of an all-out global conflict and, more worryingly, a nuclear war?

Dev and Shiv discuss this and much more. Tune in to the latest episode of In Our Defence.

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

The 2019 Balakot airstrike was a significant military operation conducted by the Indian Air Force in response to the Pulwama terrorist attack. This marked the first time since the 1971 War that Indian aircraft had conducted an airstrike on Pakistani soil.

The strike targeted a Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) terror camp in Balakot, Pakistan. The Indian Mirage-2000 fighter pilots carried out the airstrike, aiming to eliminate terrorist threats.

The following day, the Pakistan Air Force retaliated with a strike in the Rajouri sector of Jammu. In the ensuing aerial battle, India claimed to have shot down a Pakistani F-16 fighter aircraft while losing a MiG-21, with its Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman captured after ejecting over Pakistani-held territory. Later, he was repatriated.

The aftermath of the airstrike saw controversies, including unverified news in the newsrooms and conflicting reports. The duo, Dev Goswami and Shiv Aroor recount their experiences covering the event. They discuss the preparations for the airstrike and the controversies surrounding the strike; for one, the Indian Air Force has confirmed "hitting targets," but there is no official estimation of casualties — if any — yet, and Pakistan's response, exploring claims that they intentionally missed targets in India to avoid escalating to an all-out war.

Shiv Aroor and co-author Rahul Singh have also covered the detailed account of the Balakot airstrike, including planning, execution, and aftermath in their book 'India's Most Fearless.'

Listen in as we bring you the inside and unearthed details of the two tense days!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

In 2024, India's focus on strengthening its air power centers around the Tejas, its indigenous fighter aircraft. The Defence Ministry's approval for acquiring 97 Tejas Light Combat Aircraft Mk 1A marks a significant step in bolstering the Indian Air Force's capabilities.

With just two Tejas squadrons currently in operation, the Air Force faces the challenge of maintaining its strength at 31 squadrons, well below the standard requirement of 42. In a discussion between India Today TV Output’s Senior Executive Editor Shiv Aroor and host Dev Goswami, the implications of this shortfall are explored. Why is the benchmark of 42 squadrons crucial, and what hurdles arise from not meeting this target?

What are the reasons behind India's reliance on foreign aircraft? Shiv questions the over-reliance on foreign fighters, and having eight different types of aircraft, labeling it a "zoo" and a "beauty contest" of aircraft. Why is managing eight different aircraft types a challenging nightmare?

Listen in to know why Shiv believes that Built-in-India is a fig leaf, why it has not worked for India at all, and what Made-in- India fighters of foreign origin actually mean for the Indian exchequer.

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Kapil Dev Singh

In this episode, India Today TV Output’s Senior Executive Editor Shiv Aroor and host Dev Goswami explore the complexities of Jammu and Kashmir, focusing on the volatile districts of Rajouri and Poonch. They analyze a recent deadly ambush in Poonch that claimed the lives of four Indian Army jawans and the mysterious deaths of three civilians in Baffliaz, allegedly due to torture during Army questioning.

What makes Rajouri-Poonch, situated near the Line of Control, such a contentious flashpoint? Is the region's proximity to the border a key contributing factor to the volatility?

Shiv, drawing on his 20 years of experience and yearly visits to Kashmir, explains how the region's terrain provides terrorists with a vantage point, making it susceptible to violence. Despite incidents, there's another side—post the abrogation of Article 370, the region has seen reduced violations, leading to a four-fold increase in tourism in 2022 according to government data.

However, recurring incidents like the recent ambush raise concerns. Has peace and normalcy genuinely returned to the region? Are the youth truly disenchanted with the military, considering the decrease in militant recruits in 2023?

The duo digs into these details.

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini
Sound Mix by Sachin Dwivedi

Dawood Ibrahim, the notorious figure behind the 1993 Mumbai blasts, is once again in the spotlight amid claims of being poisoned. Designated a global terrorist in 2003 by both India and the United States, Ibrahim carries a staggering $25 million bounty on his head due to his alleged orchestration of the 1993 Bombay bombings and involvement in various crimes such as extortion, murder, and smuggling.

Although rumours abound regarding his alleged poisoning and subsequent hospitalisation, reliable intelligence sources have discredited these claims.

But why does news about Dawood remain palatable to India? And how much of a threat is he actually to India?

It's been over four decades since he went into hiding, morphing into a shadowy figure. Does his ability to evade authorities raise questions about the failure of India's security apparatus and the potential mesh of corruption behind his rise?

And what are the practical difficulties in actually ‘poisoning’ Dawood?

India Today TV Output’s Senior Executive Editor Shiv Aroor and host Dev Goswami discuss.

Listen in!

Produced by Anna Priyadarshini

Sound Mix by Sachin Dwivedi