Explorez tous les épisodes du podcast Feed: a food systems podcast
| Titre | Date | Durée | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Valuing nature in our economies (with Adan Martinez Cruz) | 22 Aug 2024 | 00:28:46 | |
Environmental economist Adan L. Martinez-Cruz (Senior Lecturer at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), argues that markets are a fundamental aspect of human society. He suggests that assigning a monetary value to natural resources can provide environmental benefits and create economic incentives to achieve them. In this episode, we discuss concept of non-market valuation, consider whether nature has inherent value, and examine whether markets are the best way to ensure fairness in the cost of food for both consumers and producers.
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler and Ylva Carlqvist Warnborg. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| There is no master metric for biodiversity (with Ville Lähde) | 15 Aug 2024 | 00:40:23 | |
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler and Ylva Carlqvist Warnborg. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| What's a natural diet? (with Amy Styring) | 18 Apr 2024 | 00:25:37 | |
Around 6000 years ago in Northwest Europe, our ancestors transitioned from hunter-gatherer societies to sedentary farming. How did their diets change during this time? The field of archaeological sciences and chemistry teamed up to shed new light on this question. This is the first of a two-part series. Next week we hear from a meal historian on the role culture plays in informing what we eat.
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| Can we eat enough white-tailed deer to restore forest ecosystems? | 11 Apr 2024 | 00:31:08 | |
Is it possible to eat enough white-tailed deer to keep their populations low enough to restore ecosystems? We posed this question to Bernd Blossey, professor at Cornell University who specializes in the management of invasive species and the restoration of disrupted ecological relationships.
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| Eating invasive crayfish - a solution to our ecological mess? | 04 Apr 2024 | 00:21:15 | |
Are invasive species natural? If we introduced them, do we have some responsibility to manage them? What if we could reduce their numbers through the natural process of eating?
Episode edited and produced by Jackie Turner. Music by William King and Blue dot sessions. | |||
| Grasshoppers - agricultural pest or sustainable food? | 28 Mar 2024 | 00:25:06 | |
What if we shifted our perspective from seeing some animal species as a problem to seeing them as an abundant and tasty source of food? Over the next few episodes, we’ll hear three "problems" in three regions: grasshoppers as pests in Mexico, invasive crayfish in London and overpopulated white-tailed deer in the United States.
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| Should food systems be more natural? | 21 Mar 2024 | 00:44:05 | |
“Is a microbe less natural than a cow?”
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| Sofia Wilhelmsson on pig transport and human-animal relations (rebroadcast) | 29 Feb 2024 | 00:31:52 | |
Sofia Wilhelmsson researches a very specific and stressful time for farmed pigs: the loading and transport of pigs on their way to slaughter. She not only considers the welfare of the animals, but also the well-being of the pig transport drivers. In our conversation we chat about the relationships that humans have with animals; what food systems actors have the most power in the pig production system; and whether we can add incentives for animal welfare and human well-being in our food systems. For more info, please visit: https://tabledebates.org/podcast/episode54 Interested in more podcasts about the future of meat and human-animal relations, Meat the four futures (Table, 2023)
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| What is rewilding? (rebroadcast) | 15 Feb 2024 | 00:30:26 | |
Imagine a world where nature reclaims its place in the landscape. What would that mean for food systems? Walter Fraanje joins Feed co-hosts to talk about his new publication, "Rewilding and its implications for agriculture" co-authored with Tara Garnett. Read the full explainer | |||
| Neena Prasad on the power of ultra-processed foods | 18 Jan 2024 | 00:41:32 | |
People across the world are consuming more ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Will Latin American countries and elsewhere follow the path of the US and the UK, where over half of calories consumed now come from UPFs? Dr Neena Prasad, director of Bloomberg Philanthropies’ Food Policy Program, joins us to talk about the power of and the power behind UPFs. We talk about the utility and harms of processing foods, the links between the tobacco industry and UPFs, and the public health measures advocated by the Food Policy Program. These include taxing UPFs, putting restrictions on marketing (especially to children), advancing public sector health promoting policies, and front-of-package nutrition labeling. | |||
| Jessica Duncan on COP28 and who shapes food policy | 07 Dec 2023 | 00:54:43 | |
Food systems are finally getting more attention at global climate conversations. But who is at the table shaping our food futures? We caught up with Jessica Duncan, Associate Professor on the Politics of Food Systems Transformations at Wageningen University, to hear her thoughts and concerns about COP 28. Then we re-air our conversation with Jessica Duncan from May 2021, where we talk about dialogue and participation in food policy, why we shouldn’t always be seeking consensus, and the importance of bringing local actors into global policy conversations. We unpack Jessica and Priscilla Claeys' 2020 report Covid19, Gender and Food systems and discuss what is gained by "viewing the crisis from below". | |||
| Presenting A CRISPR Bite: Wine | 16 Nov 2023 | 00:23:47 | |
Is CRISPR the solution to controlling the pest plaguing California’s wine industry? In this episode of A CRISPR Bite, we take you to a lab where researchers are using CRISPR technology to genetically modify a frightening insect called the Glassy-winged sharpshooter responsible for spreading a bacteria and killing vines. CRISPR bites is five-part podcast series hosted by food anthropologist Dr Lauren Crossland-Marr. We're excited to share one episode from the series with you today.
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| Nature knows best: Naturalness in the Ultra-Processed Foods Debate | 08 Aug 2024 | 00:53:44 | |
The idea that more natural food – food which hasn’t been transformed by human and industrial intervention – is best for us is a powerful one. Psychologists have found a strong preference for that which is “natural”, even when people differ in what they understand that term to mean. But naturalness is a muddle – we are often signalled by advertising to see heavily manufactured foods as “natural”; the pioneers of cereal manufacturing were the greatest advocates of “natural” food in the early 20th century; and it’s rare that crops, which have been manipulated by human breeding over millennia, are seen as “unnatural”. | |||
| Will you join the insect revolution? | 26 Oct 2023 | 00:27:33 | |
There are over 2,000 types of insects that people eat across the world. Some of these species could have the potential to be cultivated at scale using less land, less water, and fewer greenhouse gas emissions while supplying a nutritious protein source to many. But what does scaling insect production look like, and will people actually eat them? In this bonus episode, we dive deep into the world of insects as a potential food source. We visit a Swedish mealworm factory to understand the production process, and speak to researchers in Ethiopia and the Netherlands about the environmental benefits, ethical considerations, and likelihood of Europeans eating insects in the future. -- | |||
| Narrowing the yield gap in Sub-Saharan Africa | 05 Oct 2023 | 00:39:29 | |
The yield gap refers to the difference between the potential agricultural yield that could be achieved under ideal conditions and the actual yield that farmers harvest. In sub-Saharan Africa, the yield gap is in some cases 80% meaning that farmers have the potential to double, triple or even quadruple their harvests. The causes of the yield gap are debated and so are the solutions to narrow it. In this conversation with Martin van Ittersum, a professor at Wageningen University, and Klara Fischer, an associate professor and senior lecturer at Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, we discuss if increasing yield is the right entry point for reducing hunger in the region; if bottom-up or top-down interventions lead to a more resilient food system; and at what time-scale (short- or long-term) should we be focusing food systems solutions? | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep8. Looking back, looking forward | 21 Sep 2023 | 00:36:44 | |
Presenting the Meat: the four futures series final episode. To wrap up the series, we hear comments and thoughts from the listeners, and podcast host Matthew Kessler shares some personal reflections on what he learned about the future of meat and livestock after making this series. | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep7. Health, biodiversity, animal ethics | 07 Sep 2023 | 00:53:57 | |
We continue featuring the Meat: the four futures series with episode 7. | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep6. Plant based | 25 Aug 2023 | 01:18:31 | |
We continue featuring the Meat: the four futures series with our fourth and final exploration of four different futures for meat - Plant based no meat. | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep5. Less meat | 13 Aug 2023 | 01:09:45 | |
We continue featuring the Meat: the four futures series with our third exploration of four different futures for meat - Less meat.
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| Presenting M4F: Ep4. Alternative "meat" | 27 Jul 2023 | 00:56:35 | |
We continue featuring the Meat: the four futures series with our second exploration of four different futures for meat - Alternative "meat". | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep3. Efficient meat | 13 Jul 2023 | 00:53:29 | |
We continue featuring the Meat: the four futures series with our first exploration of four different futures for meat - Efficient meat 2.0. Do you see efficiency improvements in animal agriculture as essential for feeding a growing population? Or do you think we should eat less meat, switch to plant-forward diets or create competitive meat alternatives? | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep2. A complicated relationship with meat | 29 Jun 2023 | 00:41:55 | |
Today we are presenting the second episode in the Meat: the four futures series. We dig into the history of the diet humans evolved to eat, visit Burkina Faso and India to hear two different solutions to meet the surging demand for meat across the global South, and talk about the ethics of eating animals in the West, where we’re often distant and detached from where meat comes from. | |||
| Presenting M4F: Ep1. Meat the four futures | 11 May 2023 | 00:33:20 | |
Here we present the first episode of a podcast that Feed co-host Matthew Kessler has been creating with TABLE and the SLU Future Food over the last year: Meat the four futures Meat sits at the center of this controversy. But is it the problem or the solution? Well, that’s complicated. Meat: The Four Futures aims to bring us together on a journey where we can examine our past and our future, our decisions and the science that informs them. | |||
| Presenting "Less And Better?: Ep 1: Its Complicated" | 11 Jul 2024 | 00:34:11 | |
It feels like one of the biggest questions of our time: what do we do about meat? Rather than choosing either extreme – business as usual, or ruling out meat altogether – some people suggest the best approach is one of ‘less and better meat’. But how much less is ‘less’? And which meat is ‘better’? How do we even begin to answer these questions? "Less and Better?" is an eight-part podcast series co-hosted by Katie Revell and Olivia Oldham at Farmerama Radio. Listen to the rest of the series here or wherever you get your podcasts. | |||
| What did we learn about power? (with Tara Garnett and Sigrid Wertheim-Heck) | 06 Apr 2023 | 00:49:59 | |
For our last episode of the second season of Feed, we speak with TABLE director Tara Garnett of the University of Oxford, and TABLE strategic director Sigrid Wertheim-Heck of Wageningen University to reflect on our past 15 episodes. | |||
| Food in prisons (with Lucy Vincent and Linda Kjær Minke) | 09 Mar 2023 | 01:05:23 | |
As this season on power in the food system comes to a close, we wanted to focus on how food is consumed in institutions - places where people typically have less agency over their own food choices. In this episode we’re focusing on food in prisons in the United Kingdom and Denmark. We're joined by Lucy Vincent, Chief Executive and Founder of the charity Food Behind Bars in the UK, and Linda Kjær Minke, a criminology professor at the University of Southern Denmark who researches food dynamics in Danish prisons. We discuss how food in prisons is procured, prepared and eaten, and how these two systems of prison food can lead to very different results for the incarcerated, for those working in prisons and – potentially – for society as a whole. | |||
| Ken Giller on the Food Security Conundrum (rebroadcast) | 23 Feb 2023 | 00:35:04 | |
Why does agricultural research often fall short of addressing food insecurity challenges in sub-Saharan Africa? In this conversation with Ken Giller, we explore this wicked problem from a systems perspective examining the diverse drivers and experiences of smallholder farmers and the socio-ecological systems in which they are embedded. Ken provides a nuanced look at agroecological solutions and argues that relying solely on nature-based solutions would be inadequate to address food security problems in Africa. We also talk about the huge diversity of farmers that can be found under the banner of smallholders, an in-depth examination of the “yield gap,” and what gets lost when translating research into practice. | |||
| Philip McMichael on the "Corporate Food Regime" | 02 Feb 2023 | 00:51:28 | |
What is the corporate food regime? And are we still living in it? We put these questions to our guest Phliip McMichael, emeritus professor at Cornell University who, alongside Harriet Friedman, coined the term Food Regime in 1989. In our conversation we talk about how a historical sociologist thinks about power, what voices were included and excluded in the dialogues leading up to the UN Food Systems Summit, and we flesh out Philip’s view of what a more relocalized food system would look like. | |||
| Jason Clay on "Building and flying the plane as we go" | 12 Jan 2023 | 00:48:32 | |
Jason Clay is the Executive Director of the Markets Institute at World Wildlife Fund. He comes with decades of unique experiences and a big picture view of global food systems. In our conversation we ask him how power needs to be shifted to transform the food system, what the future looks like for small farmers, and whether we should be intensifying agriculture and sparing land or extensifying agricultural production and sharing land with nature. Jason Clay also shares ideas around how to increase transparency for consumers, improve farmers livelihoods, and urgently scale up systems level solutions. | |||
| Sofia Wilhelmsson on "Pig transport and human-animal relations" | 15 Dec 2022 | 00:36:18 | |
Sofia Wilhelmmson recently completed her PhD from in 2022 from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in the department of Animal Environment and Health. She researches a particular and especially stressful time for farmed pigs: the loading and transport of pigs on their way to slaughter. She not only considers the welfare of the animals, but also the well-being of the pig transport drivers. In our conversation we chat about the relationships that humans have with animals - both wild and domesticated; what food systems actors have the most power in the pig production system; and whether we can add incentives for animal welfare and human well-being in our food systems. | |||
| Reginaldo Haslett-Marroquin on "the power of regenerative movements" | 01 Dec 2022 | 00:36:44 | |
Reginaldo Haslett-Marroquin is the founder and director the Regenerative Agriculture Alliance. He moved to the US from Guatemala in the 1990s. In our conversation we talk about the power of movements, why small-scale farmers in the United States are rarely successful, and the difference between ‘feeding’ the indigenous mindset versus the colonizer mindset. | |||
| Jeremy Brice on "Investment, Power and Protein in sub-Saharan Africa" | 10 Nov 2022 | 00:49:17 | |
Who is investing in the food system and what are they investing in? What should the future of food, specifically protein, look like in sub-Saharan Africa? These are questions that Jeremy Brice explores in his new report: Investment, Power and Protein in sub-Saharan Africa. They are also highly relevant to the food and climate discussions happening now at COP-27 in Sharm-el Sheikh, Egypt (November 2022). In our chat with Jeremy Brice, lecturer at Manchester University, we discuss why the issue of protein is important in sub-Saharan Africa; we unpack three different investor visions for this region; and we reflect on the consequences of how little agricultural investment there is in the region compared to the rest of the world. This conversation is based on a newly published TABLE report by Jeremy Brice. Here you can read the executive summary or the full report. | |||
| Blain Snipstal on "Battling plantation agriculture today" | 27 Oct 2022 | 00:48:38 | |
Blain Snipstal, former youth advocate for La Via Campesina, has thought a lot about power. We talk about how Blain sees the legacy of the plantation model of agriculture still lingering today; how the dialogues and exchanges between peasant farmers can uncover a deep analysis of the food system; and he shares from his many experiences as a farmer, an activist, and an organizer. We also touch on the power of collaborating across grassroots movements and whose knowledge counts in food debates. | |||
| Vincent Ricciardi on Challenging Assumptions (rebroadcast) | 13 Oct 2022 | 00:41:37 | |
In our discussion, data scientist Vincent "Vinny" Ricciardi challenges the assumptions and evidence that are built into food systems debates. We talk about a few of the recent papers that Vinny co-authored, including one that asks how much of the world’s food supply is produced by smallholder farmers, a 50-year meta-analysis that compares how do small and large farms size up in terms of yields and biodiversity impact, and whether smallholders actually have access to broadband to become part of a data driven farming future. Transcript available | |||
| Women Scientists from Global South on Food Security (Part 3) | 27 Jun 2024 | 00:25:53 | |
500 scientists from 60 countries gathered at the 5th Global Food Security Conference in Leuven, Belgium. Instead of saying, "you had to be there," we bring you voices and reflections from the conference. Host Matthew Kessler recorded dozens of interviews, asking experts what key messages they want to deliver to those with the power to change food systems, what are the economics of food systems transformation, and which solutions to make food systems more resilient deserve more attention.
Conference Organizers
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| What is rewilding? (with Walter Fraanje) | 15 Sep 2022 | 00:30:20 | |
TABLE staff member Walter Fraanje joins Feed co-hosts to talk about his new publication, "Rewilding and its implications for agriculture" co-authored with Tara Garnett. The explainer introduces the concept of rewilding, compares different rewilding strategies across the globe, explores their relationship with agriculture and unpacks some of the related controversies. We ask Walter how does rewilding differ from conservation, why might a farmer or fisher support or be against rewilding, and what does it mean to rewild your imagination? | |||
| Giuliana Furci on "Without fungi we wouldn't have food" | 25 Aug 2022 | 00:41:24 | |
This is not a typical conversation for Feed. We're still talking about food systems, and we're still talking about power, but we're focusing on the more-than-human world, specifically, mushrooms. Giuliana Furci, founder and executive director of the Fungi Foundation, joins us to talk about how fungi are as diverse as the animal and plant kingdom; what role fungi play in sustainable food systems; the contradicting lessons that you can learn from fungi; and what power do fungi have over humans and food systems? | |||
| Joachim von Braun on an 'IP for Food' | 11 Aug 2022 | 00:40:59 | |
Joachim von Braun, former Chair of the Scientific Group for the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit, lays out the importance of an inclusive process and multi-disciplinary scientific collaboration to meet the calls for food system transformation. Dr von Braun joins us to talk about his experience as Chair, what he sees as the successes of the summit, and what work remains to be done. We also discuss who should be involved in knowledge production and how, and we hear his thoughts on whether we should create an Intergovernmental Panel for Food (not unlike the IPCC) that would have the power to work towards scientific consensus on food system issues. | |||
| Busiso Moyo on the Right to Food | 21 Jul 2022 | 00:27:17 | |
“Everyone has the right to have access to sufficient food” is written in the South African constitution. But how is that implemented, and who is responsible for making that a reality? Scholar-activist Busiso Moyo grapples with what ‘a right to food’ actually looks like in practice. In our conversation, he shares why he sees 'right to food as a valuable framework to build a just food system. We also cover various aspects of power in the food system including: agenda setting power; power of corporations; the power of paradigms; and who has power along the value chain. | |||
| Jayson Lusk on Markets and Consumer Power | 07 Jul 2022 | 00:47:21 | |
In this episode, Agricultural economist Jayson Lusk puts forward a vision of how science, technology and innovation are what we need for a sustainable food future, and what aspects of power he feels are getting in the way of this future. We discuss: whether having more information actually changes what food people buy; why Jayson is excited about venture capital flowing into the food system; and why he disagrees with some of the narratives and policy proposals put forward by the “food movement”. We also touch on some hotly debated topics like agricultural subsidies, GMOs, and true cost accounting. | |||
| Parsing Grindadráp (with Tamsin Blaxter) | 23 Jun 2022 | 00:31:37 | |
Tamsin Blaxter, researcher and writer at TABLE, joins Feed co-hosts to talk about her forthcoming publication: "Parsing Grindadráp". Grindadráp is a Faroese whaling practice that's understood both as important to local food cultures, and as barbaric, primitive and cruel. In this chat, we use grindadráp as a case study to explore: what is animal sentience? What's different about killing whales versus farmed animals? Where do older food traditions fit into the present? How does international media coverage impact local debates? And lastly, what does the evidence say about whether this is a sustainable practice? For more info and transcript, please visit: https://tabledebates.org/podcast/episode26 | |||
| What is Ecomodernism? (with Helen Breewood) | 09 Jun 2022 | 00:15:27 | |
In this mini-episode, TABLE staff member Helen Breewood joins Feed co-hosts to talk about her new publication, "What is ecomodernism?" The explainer describes the values, goals, and practical solutions promoted by ecomodernists; what they would mean for land use and the food system; the history of the ideas that underlie ecomodernism; and the main contestations around the values and evidence underpinning ecomodernism. We ask Helen about the explainer, the challenging review process, and how she changed her views on the topic. Read the full explainer here. Register for the online event here. | |||
| Elena Lazos Chavero on Scale, Seeds and Sovereignty (rebroadcast) | 26 May 2022 | 00:46:41 | |
In our conversation with social anthropologist Elena Lazos Chavero (National University of Mexico), we discuss how her research interests were formed around rainforest conservation, food systems and indigenous rights in Veracruz, Mexico. Elena explains how local and global food systems as well as urban and rural communities are highly dependent on each other. We also explore what the food sovereignty movement in Mexico stands for today. This episode originally aired on 19 April 2021. For more info and transcript, please visit: https://tabledebates.org/podcast/episode7-rebroadcast | |||
| Jennifer Clapp on Commodifying Food (rebroadcast) | 12 May 2022 | 00:54:27 | |
Has the increasing commodification of food and financialization of the food system left us more vulnerable to food crises? We speak with Jennifer Clapp about the 20th century history of food policy that led us to this moment, how the Covid-19 food crisis is different than previous ones, and how diversity, in all of its forms, is essential to building a resilient food system. | |||
| An open-ended discussion on power in the food system | 28 Apr 2022 | 00:58:51 | |
On 8 December 2021, TABLE hosted an open-ended discussion about power in the food system with representatives from civil society, academia, media and the private sector. At TABLE we recognise that our own biases and perspectives will influence how we think about power in the food system so the purpose of the event is to hear a range of different views and understandings of power. This kick off event helps us think about who and what shapes, controls and influences past, present and future food systems.
We're curious to hear your views about power in the food system. Continue the conversation on our community platform. | |||
| Economics of Food System Transformation (Part 2) | 13 Jun 2024 | 00:40:20 | |
500 scientists from 60 countries gathered at the 5th Global Food Security Conference in Leuven, Belgium. Instead of saying, "you had to be there," we bring you voices and reflections from the conference. Host Matthew Kessler recorded dozens of interviews, asking experts what key messages they want to deliver to those with the power to change food systems, what are the economics of food systems transformation, and which solutions to make food systems more resilient deserve more attention.
Conference Organizers
Episode edited and produced by Matthew Kessler. Music by Blue dot sessions. | |||
| Herman Brouwer and Joost Guijt on Power in Multi-stakeholder Partnerships | 07 Apr 2022 | 00:54:47 | |
In this episode we explore the role of power in multistakeholder partnerships (MSPs) with two people who are no strangers to this topic - Herman Brouwer and Joost Guijt, at Wageningen University and Research. In this conversation we ask: what are MSPs, do they actually work, and what are the different ways that power plays out in them? We learn how different food stakeholders perceive MSPs differently, whether the UN Food Systems Summit could be considered a successful MSP, and what are some tips and tracks for dealing with power in MSPs. | |||
| Channa Prakash on GMs, Golden Rice, and the Green Revolution | 17 Mar 2022 | 00:50:57 | |
In the third episode on power in the food system, we speak with Dr Channa Prakash, professor of crop genetics, biotechnology and genomics at Tuskegee University in the United States. Channa has been actively involved in enhancing the societal awareness of food biotechnology issues around the world. We speak with Channa about who decides what ends up on our table, discuss how his personal story connects to the Green Revolution, and unpack how he sees ideology as getting in the way of science. We also learn how Channa approaches food systems debates as we discuss Golden Rice, the Green Revolution, and different efforts to promote Organic farming across South Asia. | |||
| Julie Guthman on Capital, Tech and Alternative Food | 03 Mar 2022 | 00:46:15 | |
In our second conversation exploring power in the food system, we speak with Julie Guthman, professor and food geographer at UC Santa Cruz. We ask her: how is Silicon Valley trying to transform the food system, who within Silicon Valley has the most power, and how does their vision compare with the Organic food movement? We discuss the different ways 'sustainability' is understood in these two different worlds and the broader structures that define or limit their competing visions. We also chat about how Julie's views on the Alternative Food Movement have evolved over time, and how Silicon Valley might be different if venture capitalists took her "101: Intro to Food and Ag'" class. | |||
| Phil Howard on Corporate Consolidation | 17 Feb 2022 | 00:40:25 | |
In the first Feed episode about power we speak with Phil Howard, author of Concentration and Power in the Food System, a book that asks "who controls what we eat?" We dive right into big questions, asking whether Phil Howard’s ideal food future is compatible with capitalism. We also talk about the rise of organics, how is power distributed within corporations, how a US farmer’s prospects about staying a small and diversified operation has diminished over time, and how food corporations intent on growing cope with the fact that human stomachs remain the same size. | |||