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Five articles from the April 2026 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles this month are:

• Risk of Revision and Reoperation After ACL Reconstruction: Comparison of Quadriceps Tendon, Patellar Tendon, and Hamstring Autografts Stratified by Patient Sex and Age: A Cohort Study of 27,715 Patients From 2012 to 2023
• Combined Root and Body Lateral Meniscus Tears in the Adolescent Population: An Underrecognized and Underreported Tear Pattern
• Regenerative Effect of Injectable Collagen Loaded With Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Extracellular Vesicles in a Collagenase-Induced Tendinopathy Rat Model
• Duration of Smoking Cessation Needed to Achieve Retear Rates Comparable to Those of Nonsmokers After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
• The Patient Acceptable Symptom State for Commonly Used Patient-Reported Outcomes After Nonoperative Management of Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

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Rotator cuff (RC) tears are among the most common causes of shoulder dysfunction in sports medicine. Muscle atrophy and degeneration are important risk factors for RC tendon retearing and suboptimal recovery of shoulder function after tendon repair. Although blood flow restriction (BFR) can stimulate muscle regeneration after lower extremity trauma and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the mechanisms that underlie BFR remain unknown, and its application to RC tears has not yet been explored.   In conclusion, BFR significantly improves muscle quality and shoulder function after RC injury. These effects occur alongside increased mitochondrial transfer from FAPs to myocytes.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the November 2025 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles this month are, "Metformin Reduces the Incidence of Shoulder Stiffness After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial," "Delayed Surgery and Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Mg2+ Immunomodulatory Therapy Improve Joint Recovery in a Sex-Specific Manner After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Rat Model," "Comparison of Anchor Hole Enlargement Between Biodegradable and All-Soft Suture Anchors After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair: Longitudinal 2-Year Follow-up Study," "Sports Participation 25 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Prospective Longitudinal Study Comparing Patients With Patellar Tendon and Hamstring Tendon Grafting to Uninjured Controls," and "Risk Profile for Cyclops Syndrome Necessitating Reoperation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction."

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Five articles from the February 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Predictors of Graft Failure in Young Active Patients Undergoing Hamstring Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With or Without a Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis: The Stability Experience", "The Contribution of Posterior Capsule Hypertrophy to Soft Tissue Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit in Healthy Pitchers", "Changes in the Synovial Fluid Cytokine Profile of the Knee Between an Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Surgical Reconstruction", "The Patellar Instability Probability Calculator: A Multivariate-Based Model to Predict the Individual Risk of Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocation", and "Structural and Functional Results of Subscapularis and Conjoint Tendon After Latarjet Procedure at 8-Year Average Follow-up".

 

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This special edition podcast highlights the top 10 articles of 2021  that caught the most public attention based on their Altmetric scores.

1. Effectiveness of Adding a Large Dose of Shoulder Strengthening to Current Nonoperative Care for Subacromial Impingement: A Pragmatic, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (SExSI Trial)

2. Systematic Video Analysis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Professional Female Soccer Players

3. Can Biomechanical Testing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Identify Athletes at Risk for Subsequent ACL Injury to the Contralateral Uninjured Limb?

4. High Risk of New Knee Injuries in Female Soccer Players After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at 5- to 10-Year Follow-up

5. Biomechanical but Not Strength or Performance Measures Differentiate Male Athletes Who Experience ACL Reinjury on Return to Level 1 Sports

6. Effect of Autologous Expanded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma in Chronic Patellar Tendinopathy (With Gap >3 mm): Preliminary Outcomes After 6 Months of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Prospective Study

7. Blood Flow Restriction Training for Athletes: A Systematic Review

8. Scapular Dyskinesis Is Not an Isolated Risk Factor for Shoulder Injury in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

9. Anterior Shoulder Instability in Throwers and Overhead Athletes: Long-term Outcomes in a Geographic Cohort

10. No Additive Clinical or Physiological Effects of Short-term Anti-inflammatory Treatment to Physical Rehabilitation in the Early Phase of Human Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscle is a limiting factor in the success of repairs. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are a population of stem cells within the rotator cuff that can differentiate into white adipocytes, fibroblasts, and beige adipocytes. The effects of patient age and rotator cuff tendon tear size on the number, differentiation patterns, and gene expression profiles of FAPs have not yet been analyzed.

In conclusion, patient age and rotator cuff tear size independently regulated FAP number, differentiation, and gene expression. Age and tear size were positively correlated with increased FAP number and fibrogenic/adipogenic differentiation. Advancing patient age did not limit FAP beige differentiation and gene expression, while increasing rotator cuff tear size strongly inhibited these processes.

 

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Five articles from the January 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Survivorship Rate and Clinical Outcomes 10 Years After Arthroscopic Correction of Symptomatic Femoroacetabular Impingement", "Higher Incidence of Radiographic Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis With Transtibial Femoral Tunnel Positioning Compared With Anteromedial Femoral Tunnel Positioning During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "Ulnar Neuritis and Its Affect on Outcomes of Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction", "Remained Large Bone Fragment of Bony Bankart Lesion in Shoulders With a Subcritical Glenoid Defect at Recurrent Anterior Instability", and "The Long-term Chondroprotective Effect of Meniscal Allograft Transplant: A 10- to 14-Year Follow-up Study".

 

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Excessive general joint laxity, a negative prognostic factor in joint instability, has not been studied to determine its relationship with bipolar bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.

In conclusion, patients with anterior shoulder instability and excessive joint laxity had significantly wider Hill-Sachs lesions and more off-track lesions than did those with normal joint laxity despite the lack of a significant difference in the glenoid bone defect. However, these differences in the Hill-Sachs lesion were not related to differences in the functional outcomes between the groups.

 

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Five articles from the December 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Obesity Impairs Enthesis Healing After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rat Model", "The Effectiveness of Intramedullary Screw Fixation Using the Herbert Screw for Fifth Metatarsal Stress Fractures in High-Level Athletes", "Can We Eliminate Opioids After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial", "One Bony Morphology, Two Pathologic Entities: Sex-Based Differences in Patients With Borderline Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy", and "Midterm Results After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction as First-Line Surgical Treatment in Skeletally Immature Patients Irrespective of Patellar Height and Trochlear Dysplasia".

 

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Preoperative quantification of bone loss has a significant effect on surgical decision making and patient outcomes. Various measurement techniques for calculating glenoid bone loss have been proposed in the literature. To date, no studies have directly compared measurement techniques to determine which technique, if any, is the most reliable.

In conclusion, glenoid bone loss calculation presents variability depending on the measurement technique, with different consistencies and accuracies. We recommend use of the Barchilon method by surgeons who frequently measure glenoid bone loss, because this method presents the best combined consistency and accuracy. However, for surgeons who measure glenoid bone loss occasionally, the most consistent method is the Giles method, although an adjustment for the overestimation bias may be required.

 

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Five articles from the November 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "MRI Signal Intensity of Quadriceps Tendon Autograft and Hamstring Tendon Autograft 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes", "Return to Sports and Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of Bilateral Hip Arthroscopy in High-Level Athletes With a Propensity-Matched Benchmarking Against a Unilateral Control Group", "Salvage Iliac Crest Bone Grafting for a Failed Latarjet Procedure: Analysis of Failed and Successful Procedures", "Shoulder External Rotational Properties During Physical Examination Are Associated With Injury That Requires Surgery and Shoulder Joint Loading During Baseball Pitching", and "Ability of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction to Overcome Lateral Patellar Motion in the Presence of Trochlear Flattening: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study".

 

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Coracoclavicular (CC) ligament reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure for high-grade acromioclavicular (AC) joint separations. Although distal clavicle and coracoid process fractures represent potential complications, they have been described in only case reports and small case series.

In conclusion, fracture of the distal clavicle or coracoid process after CC ligament repair or reconstruction is a rare but serious complication that can occur independent of bone tunnels created during the index procedure. Fractures associated with CC ligament procedures occurred at a rate of 2.46 per 100 cases. Most patients were ultimately treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation or revision CC ligament reconstruction. Although the majority of patients with intraoperative or postoperative fractures regained full range of motion, complications such as anterior shoulder pain, AC joint asymmetry, and activity-related weakness were common sequelae resulting in physical limitations and separation from military service.

 

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Five articles from the October 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Implementation of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomyin Competitive Elite Athletes With Lumbar Disc Herniation: Original Study and Review of the Literature", "Familial Risk and Its InteractionWith Body Mass Index and Physical Activity in Anterior Cruciate LigamentInjury Among First-Degree Relatives: A Population-Based Cohort Study", "Radial Head Lag: A Possible Biomechanical Mechanism for OsteochondritisDissecans of the Capitellum in Baseball Players", "Clinical and Structural Results of RotatorCuff Repair Compared With Rotator CuffDebridement in Arthroscopic Treatmentof Calcifying Tendinitis of the Shoulder", and "Dysplastic Patellofemoral JointsLead to a Shift in Contact Forces: A 3D-Printed Cadaveric Model".

 

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In recent years, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in children and adolescents (age ≤18 years) have been increasing, and the quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft has been gaining popularity for ACL reconstruction. However, there is no consensus regarding the graft choice for ACL reconstruction in these young patients. There has been a paucity of literature comparing the functional outcomes of hamstring tendon (HT) and QT autografts for ACL reconstruction in patients aged ≤18 years.   In conclusion, a QT autograft for ACL reconstruction led to similar clinical outcomes, revision rates, and sports participation compared with an HT autograft in pediatric and adolescent patients.   Click here to read the article.

The long-term outcomes of single- versus double-row fixation in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are not currently known.

In conclusion, a statistically significant (but likely not clinically important) difference in WORC scores was seen at 10-year follow-up in favor of double-row fixation. Between baseline and 10-year follow-up, a decrease in most outcome scores was observed in both the single- and the double-row groups.

 

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Five articles from the September 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Prediction of Shoulder Stiffness AfterArthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "Multicenter Outcomes After RevisionHip Arthroscopy: Comparative Analysis of 2-Year OutcomesAfter Labral Repair Versus Labral Reconstruction", "Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis AltersLateral Compartment Contact Mechanicsunder Simulated Pivoting Maneuvers: An In Vitro Study", "Creation and Validation of a ShorthandMagnetic Resonance Imaging Bone AgeAssessment Tool of the Knee as anAlternative Skeletal Maturity Assessment", and "Outcomes of Surgically TreatedFifth Metatarsal Fractures in MajorLeague Soccer Athletes".

 

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Although blood flow restriction (BFR) is becoming increasingly popular in physical therapy and athletic training settings, little is known about the effects of BFR combined with low-intensity exercise (LIX) on muscles proximal to the site of occlusion.

In conclusion, combined BFR-LIX may yield greater increases in shoulder and arm lean mass, strength, and muscular endurance compared with fatiguing LIX alone during rotator cuff exercises. These findings may be due, in part, to a greater activation of shoulder muscles while using BFR.

 

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Five articles from the August 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Neither Residual Anterior Knee Laxity Up to 6 mm nor a Pivot Glide Predict Patient-Reported Outcome Scores or Subsequent Knee Surgery Between 2 and 6 Years After ACL Reconstruction", "Running Biomechanics Before Injury and 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Division I Collegiate Athletes", "Lateral Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Graft for Ankle Instability: Outcomes for Primary and Revision Cases", "Clinical-Grade MRI-Based Methods to Identify Combined Anatomic Factors That Predict ACL Injury Risk in Male and Female Athletes", and "Factor Structure of the Shoulder Instability Return to Sport After Injury Scale: Performance Confidence, Reinjury Fear and Risk, Emotions, Rehabilitation and Surgery".

 

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Recent studies have demonstrated equivalent short-term results when comparing arthroscopic versus open anterior shoulder stabilization. However, none have evaluated the long-term clinical outcomes of patients after arthroscopic or open anterior shoulder stabilization, with inclusion of an assessment of preoperative glenoid tracking.

In conclusion, long-term clinical outcomes were comparable at 15 years postoperatively between the arthroscopic and open stabilization groups. The presence of an off-track lesion may be associated with a higher rate of recurrent instability in both cohorts at long-term follow-up; however, this study was underpowered to verify this situation.

 

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Five articles from the July 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Defining Critical Glenoid Bone Loss in Posterior Shoulder Capsulolabral Repair", "High Rate of Initially Overlooked Kaplan Fiber Complex Injuries in Patients With Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury", "Effect of Preoperative Imaging and Patient Factors on Clinically Meaningful Outcomes and Quality of Life After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation: A Machine Learning Analysis of Cartilage Defects of the Knee", "Epidemiology and Long-Term Outcomes of Wrist Sprains in Military Academy Cadets", and "Graft Failure, Revision ACLR, and Reoperation Rates After ACLR With Quadriceps Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts: A Registry Study With Review of 475 Patients".

 

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common in contact athletics and have a significant effect on the athletic performance and well-being of affected players. The prevalence, timing, and characteristics of ACL tears in National Football League (NFL) athletes are lacking.

In conclusion, ACL injury incidence was fairly consistent across all years studied and occurred more frequently in players with ≤3 years of NFL experience. Tears were more common during games, special teams play, and the preseason.

 

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Five articles from the June 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Intra-articular Injection of Bevacizumab Enhances Bone Marrow Stimulation–Mediated Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Osteochondral Defect Model", "Pertrochanteric Calcifications in Patients With Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: Description, Prevalence, and Correlation With Intraoperatively Diagnosed Hip Abductor Injuries", "Sex-Related Differences in the Incidence, Severity, and Recovery of Concussion in Adolescent Student-Athletes Between 2009 and 2019", "Arthroscopic Matrix-Assisted Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation Versus Microfracture: A 6-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial", and "Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis Contributes Little to Change In Vivo Kinematics After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial".

 

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The risk of a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury when participating in pivoting sports after ACL reconstruction is high. Risk factors associated with a second ACL injury are complex.

In conclusion, the risk profiles selected by CART could accurately identify female soccer players at high risk for a second ACL injury. There was an interaction between functional performance, clinical assessment, and psychological factors, and it is reasonable to include these factors in return-to-sport decisions and in athlete screening after ACL injury.

 

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Five articles from the May 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Effect of Tibial Tunnel Placement Using the Lateral Meniscus as a Landmark on Clinical Outcomes of Anatomic Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction", "Ulnar Collateral Ligament Laxity After Repetitive Pitching: Associated Factors in High School Baseball Pitchers", "Overlapping Allografts Provide Superior and More Reliable Surface Topography Matching Than Oblong Allografts: A Computer-Simulated Model Study", "Evaluation of the Circles Measurement and the ABC Classification of Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries", and "Influence of Preoperative Tunnel   the Outcomes of a Single Stage–Only Approach to Every Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Analysis of 409 Consecutive Patients From the SANTI Study Group".

 

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Five articles from the October 2025 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles this month are, "Medial Meniscal Extrusion Increased on 6-Month Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Despite Successful Posterior Root Repair With or Without a Centralization Suture: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial," "Comparison of Postoperative Complications by Surgical Technique After Acute Midsubstance Achilles Tendon Repair," "Correcting Excessive Glenoid Retroversion in Combination With Posterior Glenoid Bone Grafting Leads to Improved Glenohumeral Contact Pressures in a Cadaveric Posterior Instability Model," "Posterolateral Tibial Plateau Bone Loss in the Setting of ACL Insufficiency Leads to Altered Kinematics During a Simulated Pivot Shift That Can Be Corrected With Combined ACL Reconstruction and Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis But Not ACL Reconstruction Alone," and "Distal Biceps Tendon Repair With Interlinked Knotless All-Suture Anchors Provides Greater Footprint Optimization and Higher Fixation Security Over Intramedullary Cortical Button Repair: A Biomechanical Study."

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Recurrent shoulder instability is a prevalent condition, with glenoid bone loss as a common cause. Arthroscopic repair using distal tibial allografts provides long-lasting treatment by restoring glenoid surface area and presumably avoids risks of sensitization against donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Two case studies have challenged this assumption, suggesting that small bone allografts are able to induce host adaptive immune responses to donor HLA. The incidence of small bone allograft HLA sensitization and its effects on resorption and patient outcomes are unclear.

In conclusion, sensitization against donor HLA after small bone graft allografting was not previously considered but has been brought to light as a possibility. Aside from potential complications for future organ transplants, HLA sensitization does not introduce a risk for adverse outcomes or higher grades of resorption compared with nonsensitized patients after small bone allografting for shoulder instability.

 

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Five articles from the April 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Versus Immobilization for First Episode of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Before the Age of 25: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "Return-to-Play Outcomes in Professional Baseball Players After Nonoperative Treatment of Incomplete Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries: A Long-Term Follow-up Study", "Concussion History and Balance Performance in Adolescent Rugby Union Players", "Risk of Conversion to Arthroplasty After Hip Arthroscopy: Validation of a Published Risk Score Using an Independent, Prospectively Collected Database", and "Effect of Early Residual Laxity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on Long-term Laxity, Graft Failure, Return to Sports, and Subjective Outcome at 25 Years".

 

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This special edition podcast highlights the top 10 articles of 2020  that caught the most public attention based on their Altmetric scores.

1. A Majority of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Can Be Prevented by Injury Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cluster–Randomized Controlled Trials With Meta-analysis

2. The Use of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone to Protect Against Muscle Weakness in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Pilot, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

3. Foot Core Training to Prevent Running-Related Injuries: A Survival Analysis of a Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

4. Video Confirmation of Head Impact Sensor Data From High School Soccer Players

5. Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear Treatment: A Matched Cohort Comparison of Nonoperative Management, Partial Meniscectomy, and Repair

6. Lower Limb Kinetic Asymmetries in Professional Soccer Players With and Without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Nine Months Is Not Enough Time to Restore "Functional" Symmetry or Return to Performance

7. Association Between Concussion History and Factors Relating to Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Health Among American High School Athletes: A Cross-sectional Analysis

8. The Effect of Psychological Impairment on Outcomes in Patients With Prearthritic Hip Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

9. Shoe Cushioning Influences the Running Injury Risk According to Body Mass: A Randomized Controlled Trial Involving 848 Recreational Runners

10. Knee Extension Deficit in the Early Postoperative Period Predisposes to Cyclops Syndrome After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Risk Factor Analysis in 3633 Patients From the SANTI Study Group Database

Patellofemoral joint degeneration and dysfunction after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are increasingly recognized as contributors to poor clinical outcomes.

In conclusion, patellofemoral deep cartilage matrix disruption, as assessed by MRI UTE-T2*, was associated with reduced sports and recreational function and with gait metrics reflective of altered patellofemoral loading. As such, the findings provide new mechanistic information important to improving clinical outcomes related to patellofemoral dysfunction after ACLR.

 

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Five articles from the March 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Predicting Risk of Recurrent Patellofemoral Instability With Measurements of Extensor Mechanism Containment", "Structural Consequences of a Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury on Remaining Joint Integrity: Evidence for Ligament and Bone Changes Over Time in an Ovine Model", "The Lateral Femoral Notch Sign Is Correlated With Increased Rotatory Laxity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Pivot Shift Quantification With A Surgical Navigation System", "Outcomes of Open and Endoscopic Repairs of Chronic Partial- and Full-Thickness Proximal Hamstring Tendon Tears: A Multicenter Study With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up", and "Long-term Outcome After Nonoperative Treatment for Rockwood I and II Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries".

 

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Correction of high posterior tibial slope is an important treatment option for revision of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure as seen in clinical and biomechanical studies. In cases with moderate to severe medial compartment arthritis, an additional varus correction osteotomy may be added to improve alignment.

In conclusion, combined varus and slope correction led to a relevant decrease of ATT in the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed cadaveric knee. ACL graft forces were significantly decreased after combined varus and slope correction. Thus, our biomechanical findings support the treatment goal of a perpendicular-aligned tibial plateau for ACL insufficiencies, especially in cases of revision surgery.

 

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Five articles from the February 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Characterization of the Proximal Long Head of Biceps Tendon Anatomy Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Biceps Tenodesis", "Patient-Reported Activity Levels Correlate With Early Cartilage Degeneration After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction", "Clinical Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection and Its Association with Growth Factors in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial Compared with Hyaluronic Acid", "Development of a Predictive Algorithm for Symptomatic Hip Abductor Tears in Patients Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy", and "Predictors of Failure of Return to Play in Youth Baseball Players After Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans: Focus on Elbow Valgus Laxity and Radiocapitellar Congruity".

 

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Bone stress injuries (BSIs) occur in up to 20% of runners and military personnel. Typically, after a period of unloading and gradual return to weightbearing activities, athletes return to unrestricted sports participation or military duty approximately 4 to 14 weeks after a BSI diagnosis, depending on the injury location and severity. However, the time course of the recovery of the bone's mechanical competence is not well-characterized, and reinjury rates are high.

Bone density declined in both the injured and the uninjured legs and, on average, did not return to baseline for 3 to 6 months after a tibial BSI diagnosis. The observed time to the recovery of baseline vBMD, coupled with the high rate of recurrent BSIs, suggests that improved return-to-sports and military duty guidelines may be in order.

 

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Five articles from the January 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Determining On-/Off-track Lesions in Glenohumeral Dislocation Using Multiplanar Reconstruction Computed Tomography Is Easier and More Reproducible Than Using 3-dimensional Computed Tomography", "Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee", "Changes in Matrix Components in the Developing Human Meniscus", "Prediction of Shoulder Pain in Youth Competitive Swimmers: The Development and Internal Validation of a Prognostic Prediction Model", and "Incidence of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Surgical Management Trends Over Time".

 

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Adult medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction techniques are not appropriate for the skeletally immature patient given the proximity of the distal femoral physis. Biomechanical consequences of reconstructions aimed at avoiding the physis have not been adequately studied.

In conclusion, in this cadaveric simulation, the epiphyseal technique allowed for a more isometric ligament until midflexion, when the patella engaged within the trochlear groove. The adductor sling and adductor transfer grafts became tighter in flexion, resulting in potential loss of motion, pain, graft stretching, and failure. Marginal between-condition differences in patellofemoral contact mechanics and patellar kinematics were observed in late flexion.

 

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Five articles from the September 2025 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles this month are, "The Effect of Hydroxyapatite-Coated, Reinforced, Nonabsorbable Polyfilament Suture Material on Tendon-Bone Healing," "Association Between Native Hip Distraction and Preoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes in Nondysplastic Female Patients Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy," "Establishing Clinically Distinct Patient Treatment Subgroups Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Machine Learning Clustering Analysis," "Progressive Capitellar Osteochondral Defects Adversely Affect Valgus Angulation and Radiocapitellar Contact Based on Size and Location With Native and Strained Ulnar Collateral Ligaments: A Biomechanical Rationale for Pathogenesis," and "The Effect of Sex Hormones on Joint Ligament Properties: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis."

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Five articles from the December 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Augmentation of Anatomic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis Does Not Significantly Affect Rotatory Knee Laxity: A Time Zero, In Vivo Kinematic Analysis", "Functional Outcome of Sesamoid Excision in Athletes", "Time Required to Achieve Clinically Significant Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "Differences in Clinical Presentations and Surgical Outcomes of Gluteus Medius Tears Between Men and Women", and "90-Day Complication Rate After the Latarjet Procedure in a High-Volume Center".

 

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Blood flow restriction therapy (BFRT) has been increasingly applied to improve athletic performance and injury recovery. Validation of BFRT has lagged behind commercialization, and currently the mechanism by which this therapy acts is unknown. BFRT is one type of ischemic therapy, which involves exercising with blood flow restriction. Repetitive restriction of muscle blood flow (RRMBF) is another ischemic therapy type, which does not include exercise.

In conclusion, ischemic therapy did not induce gains in muscle mass, contractility strength, fiber cross-sectional area, or satellite cell density locally or systemically in this model, although the RRMBF group did have elevated GH levels on ELISA.

 

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Five articles from the November 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "The Incidence of Kaplan Fiber Injury Associated With Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging", "Characteristics of Soccer Players Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Sex- and Competitive Level–Specific Analysis", "Bone Marrow Stimulation in Arthroscopic Repair for Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears With Incomplete Footprint Coverage", "Return to Play and Recurrence After Calf Muscle Strain Injuries in Elite Australian Football Players", and "Rate of Force Development Remains Reduced in the Knee Flexors 3 to 9 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Medial Hamstring Autografts: A Cross-Sectional Study".

 

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Tibial spine fractures (TSFs) are relatively rare pediatric injuries. Postoperative arthrofibrosis remains the most common complication, with few studies having examined factors associated with its development.

In conclusion, surgeons should be cognizant of arthrofibrosis risk in younger patients with concomitant ACL tears and traumatic injuries not resulting from athletics. Furthermore, postoperative immobilization in a cast should be avoided given the high risk of arthrofibrosis. Concomitant ACL injury is associated with a higher return to the operating room for MUA.

 

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Five articles from the October 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Steep Posterior Tibial Slope and Excessive Anterior Tibial Translation Are Predictive Risk Factors of Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Failure: A Case-Control Study With Prospectively Collected Data", "Optimal Treatment of Cam Morphology May Change the Natural History of Femoroacetabular Impingement", "Anchor-Based Femoral Fixation for Physeal-Sparing Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Time-Zero Biomechanical Comparison With Tenodesis Screw Fixation", "Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis Outcomes: A Comparison of Inlay and Onlay Techniques", and "Performance and Return to Sport After Excision of the Fractured Hook of the Hamate in Professional Baseball Players".

 

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The acetabular labrum has been found to provide a significant contribution to the distractive stability of the hip. However, the influence of labral height on hip suction seal biomechanics is not known.

In conclusion, smaller height (<6 mm) of the acetabular labrum was significantly associated with decreased distance to suction seal rupture and decreased peak negative pressure. A new strategy to increase the size of the labrum, such as labral augmentation, could be justified for patients with smaller labra in order to optimize the hip suction seal.

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The acetabular labrum contains free nerve endings, and an unstable labrum can result in increased femoral head movement during hip motion. This can be caused by chondrolabral junction (CLJ) separation, especially in association with pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement, and may contribute to hip pain.

In conclusion, rim trimming did not change the biomechanical properties of the labral suction seal. Labral refixation resulted in a shorter distance to break the labral suction seal. This indicates that labral mobility is reduced by the labral refixation procedure, which could be beneficial in postoperative pain relief and labral healing.

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Five articles from the September 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Human Rotator Cuff Tears Have an Endogenous, Inducible Stem Cell Source Capable of Improving Muscle Quality and Function After Rotator Cuff Repair", "An Iliopsoas Impingement Lesion in the Absence of Painful Internal Snapping May Not Require Iliopsoas Fractional Lengthening", "Location of the Suture Anchor in Hill-Sachs Lesion Could Influence Glenohumeral Cartilage Quality and Limit Range of Motion After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair and Remplissage", "Epidemiology, Treatment, and Performance-Based Outcomes of Symptomatic Spondylolysis and Isthmic Spondylolisthesis in American Professional Baseball Players", and "Medial Elbow Instability Resulting From Partial Tears of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament: Stress Ultrasound in a Cadaveric Model".

 

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The molecular mechanism of how femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) morphology leads to hip osteoarthritis (OA) is yet to be determined. Expression and location of inflammation-related molecules during early- and late-stage FAI have not been previously described. Moreover, characterization of intraarticular inflammation away from cam deformity as well as the nature of the adjacent synovial tissue has also not been extensively characterized.

In conclusion, hip cartilage exhibits an osteoarthritic phenotype in patients with early FAI similar to what was observed in hip OA secondary to FAI. Severe synovitis was only evident in late-stage disease.

 

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Five articles from the August 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Dyslipidemia With Perioperative Statin Usage Is Not Associated With Poorer 24-Month Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Surgery", "Posterior Rotational and Translational Stability in Acromioclavicular Ligament Complex (ACLC) Reconstruction: A Comparative Biomechanical Analysis in Cadaver Specimens", "An In-Depth Analysis of Graft Rupture and Contralateral ACL Rupture Rates After Pediatric ACL Reconstruction", "Concussion Symptom Cut-offs for Identification and Prognosis of Sports related Concussion: The Role of Time Since Injury", and "Long-term Outcomes and Survivorship of Fresh-Frozen Meniscal Allograft Transplant With Soft Tissue Fixation: Minimum 10-Year Follow-up Study".

 

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Injuries to the hamstring complex most commonly involve the proximal musculotendinous junction of the long head
of the biceps femoris (MTJ-BFlh). Nonoperative management of these injuries is associated with prolonged rehabilitation and high
risk of recurrence. To our knowledge, the surgical management of acute MTJ-BFlh injuries has not been previously reported.

In conclusion, surgical repair of acute MTJ-BFlh injuries enables return to preinjury level of sporting function with low risk of recurrence at short-term follow-up.

 

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Despite advancements in surgical techniques, the recurrence rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture after reconstruction remains between 2% and 20%. An increased posterior tibial slope (PTS) is associated with higher ACL rupture and reconstruction failure rates.   In conclusion, ACW-HTO combined with ACL reconstruction shows promising long-term outcomes, significantly reducing PTS and improving knee stability and function with an acceptable complication rate.   Click here to read the article.

Five articles from the July 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Return to Sports After High Tibial Osteotomy With Concomitant Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation", "Influence of Glenoid Labral Bumper Height and Capsular Volume on Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair as Assessed With Serial CT Arthrogram: Can Anterior-Inferior Volume Fraction Be a Prognostic Factor?", "Diagnostic Accuracy of Physical Examination Tests in Core Muscle Injury", "Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of the Glenohumeral Ligaments: An Anatomic Study", and "The Use of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone to Protect Against Muscle Weakness in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Pilot, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial".

 

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Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) with a bone–patellar tendon–bone graft (BTB) is a reliable surgical option for the control of anterior knee laxity after ACL injury. The addition of a lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) may improve control of rotation knee laxity and improve short-term graft survival in high-risk patients.

In conclusion, there were no significant differences in long-term patient-reported outcomes after ACLR with or without an LET. LET may increase the risk of lateral compartment osteoarthritis at long-term follow-up. There was a trend toward decreased graft failure risk with the addition of LET but this study was underpowered to assess this outcome.

 

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Five articles from the June 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Predictive Modeling to Determine Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "A Multicenter Study of Radiographic Measures Predicting Failure of Arthroscopy in Borderline Hip Dysplasia: Beware of the Tönnis Angle", "Comparison of Tendon Lengthening With Traditional Versus Accelerated Rehabilitation After Achilles Tendon Repair: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial", "Does Age Itself Have an Adverse Effect on Survivorship of Meniscal allograft transplantation?: A Cartilage Status and Time From Previous Meniscectomy-Matched Cohort Study", and "The Role of Patient Characteristics on the Success of Nonoperative Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries".

 

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